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Do physicians know when their diagnoses are correct? Implications for decision support and error reduction.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:This study explores the alignment between physicians' confidence in their diagnoses and the "correctness" of these diagnoses, as a function of clinical experience, and whether subjects were prone to over-or underconfidence. DESIGN:Prospective, counterbalanced experimental design. SETTING:Laboratory study conducted under controlled conditions at three academic medical centers. PARTICIPANTS:Seventy-two senior medical students, 72 senior medical residents, and 72 faculty internists. INTERVENTION:We created highly detailed, 2-to 4-page synopses of 36 diagnostically challenging medical cases, each with a definitive correct diagnosis. Subjects generated a differential diagnosis for each of 9 assigned cases, and indicated their level of confidence in each diagnosis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:A differential was considered "correct" if the clinically true diagnosis was listed in that subject's hypothesis list. To assess confidence, subjects rated the likelihood that they would, at the time they generated the differential, seek assistance in reaching a diagnosis. Subjects' confidence and correctness were "mildly" aligned (kappa=.314 for all subjects, .285 for faculty, .227 for residents, and .349 for students). Residents were overconfident in 41% of cases where their confidence and correctness were not aligned, whereas faculty were overconfident in 36% of such cases and students in 25%. CONCLUSIONS:Even experienced clinicians may be unaware of the correctness of their diagnoses at the time they make them. Medical decision support systems, and other interventions designed to reduce medical errors, cannot rely exclusively on clinicians' perceptions of their needs for such support.

journal_name

J Gen Intern Med

journal_title

Journal of general internal medicine

authors

Friedman CP,Gatti GG,Franz TM,Murphy GC,Wolf FM,Heckerling PS,Fine PL,Miller TM,Elstein AS

doi

10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.30145.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-04-01 00:00:00

pages

334-9

issue

4

eissn

0884-8734

issn

1525-1497

pii

JGI30145

journal_volume

20

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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