Pituitary gland and pregnancy.

abstract：:This article focuses on the clinical evaluation and management of women who have thrombophilia-related placental vascular complications, including fetal loss, pre-eclampsia, intrauterine fetal growth restriction, and placental abruption. All are major causes of maternal and fetal adverse outcomes. ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Brenner B

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Access to the fetus as a true patient is a recent development in maternal-fetal medicine. We review the major invasive techniques currently available for establishing diagnoses and providing treatments to the fetus. These include fetoscopy, fetal blood sampling, fetal transfusions, and fetal shunts. Indications, techn...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Copel JA,Cullen MT,Grannum PA,Hobbins JC

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Marihuana and tobacco smoking are two of the most commonly abused substances in pregnancy. Smoke from both agents contain a multitude of potentially active components, which make them difficult to study. Both have been associated with adverse effects in pregnancy in animal and human studies. Data on marihuana use duri...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Lee MJ

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the highest rates of unintended pregnancy and abortion in the developed world, the United States has plenty of room for improving the distribution of existing contraceptive options and an imperative for developing new methods. This article surveys new and future contraceptive methods. It does not contain a compre...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Turok D

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cervical cancer is a preventable disease that is curable when it is detected early. For advanced-stage cancer, the prognosis is worse. Over the years, much progress has been made in radiation therapy and in chemotherapy, but it took three decades for the arrival of concurrent chemoradiation therapy, which significantl...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Im SS,Monk BJ

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of laparoscopic ultrasound probes has been shown to improve outcomes and facilitate surgery for hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers. It is a useful, inexpensive, and safe imaging technique that should also supplement operative laparoscopy for gynecologic indications. These techniques are new, and their use in...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Letterie GS

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast cancer in pregnancy is likely to become more common because more women have been waiting to bear children until they are in their 40s. This article presents an overview of pregnancy-associated breast cancer and a review of surgical, chemotherapeutical, and radiation principles as they pertain to pregnancy. ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Falkenberry SS

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several clinical advances in the field of assisted reproductive technology have improved the success rates of IVF. These advances include improvements in ovulation induction protocols, the introduction of recombinant gonadotropins, GnRH agonists, and, most recently, GnRH antagonists. ICSI has proved to be the most suc...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Thornton KL

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hysteroscopy and hysterography approach the uterine cavity in different ways and each has advantages and limitations. Hysteroscopy is more accurate for the diagnosis of abnormalities that project into the uterine cavity such as polyps, submucous myomas, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial adenocarcinoma. Contrast...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Barbot J

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Except in special circumstances, therapeutic insemination with a husband's sample has a low success rate. Couples in whom oligozoospermia has been identified as the principal cause of infertility do not benefit from therapeutic insemination by husband. Because of this low success rate, intrauterine insemination to pro...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Alexander NJ,Ackerman S

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute pulmonary dysfunction and distress is not uncommon in the obstetric patient. In these situations, however, a quick assessment and intervention is necessary in many cases. This article familiarizes the practicing obstetrician with the physiology and therapy to evaluate and effectively treat these patients. ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Nolan TE,Hankins GD

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognizing the enormous impact that quality breast screening mammography can have on reducing breast cancer deaths, we need to determine when women's and physician's perceived restrictions for mammography examination impede the progress of its use for early cancer detection. A uniform system should emphasize valid co...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Sierra AE,Potchen EJ

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrosurgery is used on a daily basis in the operating room, but it remains poorly understood by those using it. In addition, the physics of electrosurgery are far more complicated than those of laser. Common belief notwithstanding, electrosurgery has an enormous capacity for patient injury if used incorrectly, even...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Lipscomb GH,Givens VM

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proper use of postmenopausal hormone replacement has been the subject of debate for decades. Prevailing medical opinion has swung between enthusiastic endorsement and extreme caution. The wave of optimism over estrogen's beneficial effects on menopausal symptoms and skeletal health was temporarily set back by the evid...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Ettinger B

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The placenta can serve as a valuable source of information about maternal and fetal conditions during the pregnancy; however, the abilities to perform a preliminary gross examination and interpret a placental pathology report are variable among obstetricians. This article discusses the indications for placental submis...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Ravishankar S,Redline RW

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As many as 50% of spontaneous preterm births are infection-associated. Intrauterine infection leads to a maternal and fetal inflammatory cascade, which produces uterine contractions and may also result in long-term adverse outcomes, such as cerebral palsy. This article addresses the prevalence, microbiology, and manag...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Klein LL,Gibbs RS

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The United States cesarean rate has risen from 5.5 per 100 deliveries in 1970 to 24.1 per 100 deliveries in 1986 according to the National Hospital Discharge Survey. Less than 10 per cent of mothers have a vaginal birth after a prior cesarean. Women spend an average of 5.0 days in the hospital for a cesarean delivery,...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Placek PJ,Taffel SM

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since its initial approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 20 years ago for the treatment of strabismus, hemifacial spasm, and blepharospasm in adults, botulinum toxin (BTX) has become one of the most frequently requested products in cosmetic rejuvenation around the world. After years of clinical success ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Carruthers J,Carruthers A

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is approximately a 50% decrease in the fertility rate of unselected women attempting pregnancy at age 40 or older compared with younger women and a two to three fold increased rate of spontaneous abortion. Approximately 45% of older women achieve a term outcome, however. Proper counseling of the older patient sh...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Toner JP,Flood JT

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the understanding of cancer biology expands, a wider array of treatment options has become available in the field of gynecologic cancer. Therapies that target specific molecular pathways are now being used. Drugs that target cancer angiogenesis, signal transduction, DNA repair, and immune evasion mechanisms are cur...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Rojas C,Casablanca Y

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amniotic fluid embolism remains one of the most devastating conditions in obstetric practice with an incidence of approximately 1 in 40,000 deliveries and a reported mortality rate ranging from 20% to 60%. The pathophysiology involves an abnormal maternal response to fetal tissue exposure associated with breaches of t...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Shamshirsaz AA,Clark SL

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary tract abnormalities are fairly common in the perinatal period. Ultrasonography is an effective diagnostic tool for identifying fetal urinary tract anomalies and can be helpful in establishing prognosis and guiding treatment decisions. The sonographer is encouraged to characterize and localize the fetal urinary...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Stamilio DM,Morgan MA

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article evaluates the complicated scenario for physicians when they must advise pregnant oncology patients and their families. Included in this discussion are a review of literature that addresses both maternal and fetal rights and an analysis of metaphysical considerations unique to this situation. Additionally,...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Iseminger KA,Lewis MA

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seizures and intracranial hemorrhage are possible medical diseases that any obstetrician may encounter. This article reviews the cause, treatment, and medical management in pregnancy for seizures and intracranial hemorrhage, and how the two can overlap into preeclampsia or eclampsia. This article also highlights some ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Wilson KL,Alexander JM

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydatidiform moles are divided into two syndromes: those of complete and partial moles. Both forms are genetically, morphologically, and clinically distinct. Choriocarcinoma can be associated with the complete mole that has not been described for the partial syndrome. Residual trophoblastic disease, on the contrary, c...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Szulman AE

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant gender differences exist in the prevalence of substance use disorders in the United States. There is a trend among boys and girls aged 12 to 17 years toward comparable rates of use and initiation for alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and tobacco. If this trend continues, over time there may be a narrowing of the m...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Greenfield SF,Manwani SG,Nargiso JE

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep and metabolism are essential components of health. Metabolic health depends largely on individual's lifestyle. Disturbances in sleep health, such as changes in sleep patterns that are associated with menopause/reproductive aging and chronologic aging, may have metabolic health consequences. Sleep restriction and...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Kravitz HM,Kazlauskaite R,Joffe H

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy remains a challenge to the clinician, despite advances in sonographic and biochemical technology. Contemporary practice requires an understanding of the normal sonographic features and hormonal profiles for normal pregnancy as well as the pathogenesis of an ectopic nidation. Frequent...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Cartwright PS

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast enhancement through augmentation improves not only the woman's physical appearance but also contributes to her psychologic well-being. With the current emphasis placed on women's breasts in the media, it is not surprising that small-breasted women feel inadequate. Recent US Federal Drug Administration approval ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Antoniuk PM

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It appears that both laparoscopic and laparotomy approaches to myomectomy are viable surgical procedures. Both surgeries can be performed with minimal risk. Pregnancy rates after either procedure are high. The advantage of laparotomy over laparoscopy is that it is technically easier. On the other hand, laparoscopy ena...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Miller CE

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00