Infection and preterm birth.

abstract：:Puberty is the sequence of events that culminates in the ability to procreate. It is widely accepted that the onset of puberty in girls occurs on average at 8 years of age and that onset prior to 8 years of age is precocious puberty. As a result of the cross-sectional study by the American Association of Pediatrics, a...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Lalwani S,Reindollar RH,Davis AJ

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hysteroscopy and hysterography approach the uterine cavity in different ways and each has advantages and limitations. Hysteroscopy is more accurate for the diagnosis of abnormalities that project into the uterine cavity such as polyps, submucous myomas, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial adenocarcinoma. Contrast...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Barbot J

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast enhancement through augmentation improves not only the woman's physical appearance but also contributes to her psychologic well-being. With the current emphasis placed on women's breasts in the media, it is not surprising that small-breasted women feel inadequate. Recent US Federal Drug Administration approval ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Antoniuk PM

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Is there evidence for a perimenopausal sleep disorder? We address this question in our presentation of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) "sleep story," in which we summarize and discuss data addressing sleep quality, objective measures of sleep patterns, and sleep disorders that have been published ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Kravitz HM,Joffe H

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Standard terminology for the gestational trophoblastic diseases has been defined by the World Health Organization. An anatomic staging system has also been adopted by FIGO, but it has not yet been widely utilized by American and European centers which prefer to determine therapy and report results based on risk groupi...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Miller DS,Lurain JR

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of malignant melanoma is rising, and this may be the most frequently encountered malignancy during pregnancy. Because effective treatment of advanced or metastatic disease remains elusive, the key to adequate therapy is surveillance for early disease with prompt diagnostic work-up and treatment. Review o...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Squatrito RC,Harlow SP

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute pulmonary dysfunction and distress is not uncommon in the obstetric patient. In these situations, however, a quick assessment and intervention is necessary in many cases. This article familiarizes the practicing obstetrician with the physiology and therapy to evaluate and effectively treat these patients. ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Nolan TE,Hankins GD

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To ensure the integrity of gynecologic surgical practices and patient safety, changes need to be made in the training of gynecologic surgeons, both in residency and continuing surgical education. Although society demands competency in the training and continuing education of airline pilots, little is done in compariso...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Julian TM,Rogers RM Jr

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of fetal blood sampling has been advocated widely to improve the specificity of fetal heart rate monitoring, but it remains a clinically unpopular procedure. This article considers its physiologic rationale and evidence base. It includes descriptions of the technique with suggestions for improved clinical inte...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Greene KR

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Canavan disease is a severe leukodystrophy more common among Ashkenazi Jews. The enzyme defect, apartoacylase, has been identified, and the gene cloned. Only two mutations account for over 98% of all Jewish alleles with Canavan disease. The carrier frequency among healthy Jews is 1:37-58. Carrier detection and prenata...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Matalon R,Matalon KM

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endometriosis is defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Clinical and basic research in endometriosis has been hampered severely by the lack of accurate noninvasive diagnostic techniques. Transvaginal ultrasonography, MRI, and endometrial and serum markers have the potential to facilitate the...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Brosens J,Timmerman D,Starzinski-Powitz A,Brosens I

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is approximately a 50% decrease in the fertility rate of unselected women attempting pregnancy at age 40 or older compared with younger women and a two to three fold increased rate of spontaneous abortion. Approximately 45% of older women achieve a term outcome, however. Proper counseling of the older patient sh...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Toner JP,Flood JT

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anorectal disorders cause significant discomfort and embarrassment in women. The onset typically follows childbirth and symptoms increase with age. This article discusses anal incontinence, defecatory dysfunction, rectal prolapse, and constipation. ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Toglia MR

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gonorrhea is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. This article discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of this important disease. ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： McNeeley SG Jr

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diagnosis of endometriosis requires careful interpretation of objective surgical and pathologic findings in the context of the patient's clinical presentation. Clinical assessment helps to identify patients at high risk of endometriosis and selects those who warrant further testing. Determination of the serum level of...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Duleba AJ

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prevalence studies show that 1 in 5 women experience an episode of major depressive disorder during their lifetime. The peripartum period is a prime time for symptom exacerbation and relapse of depressive episodes. Health care providers, specifically those in obstetric care, should be aware of: (1) the frequency of de...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Muzik M,Marcus SM,Heringhausen JE,Flynn H

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the general approach for assessing teratogenic risks related to fetal exposure, concentrating on the specific patterns associated with anticonvulsant usage and maternal epilepsy. Major anomalies that might be detected prenatally are presented, as well as the patterns of minor anomalies (syndromes)...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Sharony R,Graham JM Jr

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A review of all relevant randomized controlled trials provides strong evidence that corticosteroid therapy causes a significant reduction in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm babies overall. This reduction in RDS is accompanied by a reduced incidence of neonatal death, intraventricular hemorrhages, and ne...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Crowley P

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical integration of prenatal genetic technologies raises a series of important medical and ethical considerations for patients, families, health care providers, health care systems, and society. It is critical to recognize, understand, and address these issues in conjunction with the continued development of n...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Farrell RM,Allyse MA

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultimately, the timely diagnosis of ovarian cancer will rely on clinical judgment and careful analysis of presenting symptoms within the context of a thoughtful dialogue between the patient and her physician. Symptoms most typical of ovarian cancer include bloating, abdominal or pelvic pain, and difficulty eating. In ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Goff BA

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the highest rates of unintended pregnancy and abortion in the developed world, the United States has plenty of room for improving the distribution of existing contraceptive options and an imperative for developing new methods. This article surveys new and future contraceptive methods. It does not contain a compre...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Turok D

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of laparoscopic ultrasound probes has been shown to improve outcomes and facilitate surgery for hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers. It is a useful, inexpensive, and safe imaging technique that should also supplement operative laparoscopy for gynecologic indications. These techniques are new, and their use in...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Letterie GS

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Periviable deliveries (less than 26 weeks) are a small percentage of deliveries but account for a disproportionately high number of long-term morbidities. Few studies describe interventions and outcomes for periviable preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). The available reports may include only those neonates...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Gibson KS,Brackney K

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomies are being performed at higher rates since the da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical, Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) received US Food and Drug Administration approval in 2005 for gynecologic procedures. Despite the technological advancements over traditional laparoscopy, a ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Simpson KM,Advincula AP

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive age, that is, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, is a very common symptom encountered in office gynecology. The judicious use of hysteroscopy to manage this medical entity adds a new dimension in handling this often perplexing problem. This article focuses mainly on abnormal ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Zimmermann R

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the last century, there were two breakthroughs in diabetes management and monitoring that changed the course of treatment: the discovery of insulin and the progress in the understanding of glucose monitoring. As technology evolved, glucose monitoring and insulin administration can now be achieved in a continuou...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Yogev Y,Hod M

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article gives an overview of various clinical research designs such as randomization, cohort studies, and case-control studies. It also describes several biases that may occur in design studies and relevant statistics relating to surgeons using lasers. ...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Wheeler JM

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Voiding dysfunction in women results from either a failure of the bladder to contract appropriately or a failure of the urethra or bladder neck to relax during attempts at micturition. Complaints of urinary frequency and urgency most often accompany voiding dysfunction. Associated symptoms, which are not always presen...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Bowen LW

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immediate postpartum period is a favorable time for initiating contraception because women who have recently given birth are often highly motivated to use contraception, pregnancy is excluded, and the hospital setting offers convenience for patients and providers. This article addresses immediate postpartum intrau...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Prager SW,McCoy EE

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant gender differences exist in the prevalence of substance use disorders in the United States. There is a trend among boys and girls aged 12 to 17 years toward comparable rates of use and initiation for alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and tobacco. If this trend continues, over time there may be a narrowing of the m...

journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America

authors： Greenfield SF,Manwani SG,Nargiso JE

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00