Abstract:
:Ensuring patient safety is essential for better health care, but preoccupation with niches of medicine, such as patient safety, can inadvertently compromise outcomes if it distracts from other problems that pose a greater threat to health. The greatest benefit for the population comes from a comprehensive view of population needs and making improvements in proportion with their potential effect on public health; anything less subjects an excess of people to morbidity and death. Patient safety, in context, is a subset of health problems affecting Americans. Safety is a subcategory of medical errors, which also includes mistakes in health promotion and chronic disease management that cost lives but do not affect "safety." These errors are a subset of lapses in quality, which result not only from errors but also from systemic problems, such as lack of access, inequity, and flawed system designs. Lapses in quality are a subset of deficient caring, which encompasses gaps in therapeutics, respect, and compassion that are undetected by normative quality indicators. These larger problems arguably cost hundreds of thousands more lives than do lapses in safety, and the system redesigns to correct them should receive proportionately greater emphasis. Ensuring such rational prioritization requires policy and medical leaders to eschew parochialism and take a global perspective in gauging health problems. The public's well-being requires policymakers to view the system as a whole and consider the potential effect on overall population health when prioritizing care improvements and system redesigns.
journal_name
Ann Intern Medjournal_title
Annals of internal medicineauthors
Woolf SHdoi
10.7326/0003-4819-140-1-200401060-00009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-06 00:00:00pages
33-6issue
1eissn
0003-4819issn
1539-3704pii
140/1/33journal_volume
140pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Very low calorie diets used to treat moderate and severe obesity produce average weight losses of 20 kg in 12 weeks. This paper reviews the development of very low calorie diets from research on fasting in the late 1950s and examines data on the amount of dietary protein needed to achieve positive nitrogen balance. Th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-5-675
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditionally, acupuncture is embedded in naturalistic theories that are compatible with Confucianism and Taoism. Such ideas as yin-yang, qi, dampness, and wind represent East Asian conceptual frameworks that emphasize the reliability of ordinary, human sensory awareness. Many physicians who practice acupuncture rejec...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00010
更新日期:2002-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::The data from population-based, randomized trials of the mammographic screening of women aged 40 to 49 years are limited by retrospective subgroup analysis, low statistical power, and the use of older mammographic techniques. Nonetheless, meta-analysis involving the most recently reported data from all similarly desig...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-122-7-199504010-00010
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disseminated candidiasis has become an important infection, particularly in immunocompromised and postoperative patients. Although serologic tests may, in some settings, facilitate a premortem diagnosis, the disease is usually diagnosed by comprehensive clinical evaluation. Detection of the relatively newly recognized...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-89-1-91
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of ischemic heart disease was studied in a large kindred with familial hypercholesterolemia. Tendon xanthomas, multiple generation transmission, and the appearance of bimodality in the distributions of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were found. The segregation ratio was 0.9 in females and...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-89-6-871
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extracts of the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) have been used in China for centuries to treat a spectrum of inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE:To compare the benefits and side effects of TwHF extract with those of sulfasalazine for the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis. DESIGN:Ra...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00005
更新日期:2009-08-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether a cytogenetic response after interferon-alpha therapy in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia is independently associated with improved survival. DESIGN:Retrospective analysis. PATIENTS:274 patients with a diagnosis of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-122-4-199502150-00003
更新日期:1995-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether prolonging the duration of tamoxifen administration beyond the cessation of a combined chemotherapy regimen benefits patients with primary breast cancer with positive findings in axillary nodes who benefit initially from the combined regimen. DESIGN:Nonrandomized, nonconcurrent cohort st...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-106-5-649
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many states have laws requiring mammography facilities to tell women with dense breasts and negative results on screening mammography to discuss supplemental screening tests with their providers. The most readily available supplemental screening method is ultrasonography, but little is known about its effect...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M14-0692
更新日期:2015-02-03 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine if polyvalent IgG is promising therapy for severe IgG nephropathy. DESIGN:Open prospective cohort study. SETTING:Referral nephrology unit. PATIENTS:11 adult patients with severe IgA nephropathy (9 who had idiopathic disease and 2 who had Henoch-Schönlein purpura) and indicators of poor prognos...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-120-6-199403150-00005
更新日期:1994-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the most effective and safe dose of enoxaparin to prevent deep venous thrombosis in high-risk surgical patients. DESIGN:A double-blind, randomized, multicenter clinical trial. SETTING:Private, university, and government hospitals in the United States. PATIENTS:572 patients having elective hip ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-121-2-199407150-00001
更新日期:1994-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Tax incentives can provide a large financial impetus to change behavior. Current U.S. law establishes a substantial discontinuity in the amount of estate tax that many patients will have to pay in 2010: During this year only, the tax rate drops to zero. This article discusses concerns regarding the sharp change in tax...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-149-11-200812020-00010
更新日期:2008-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::The scope of recent literature on the concept of "vulnerable plaque" was reviewed by examining 463 abstracts of primary and review articles identified through MEDLINE (2003 to April 2010). Proposed definition criteria of vulnerable plaque included active inflammation, a thin cap with a large lipid core, endothelial de...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-153-6-201009210-00272
更新日期:2010-09-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dietary trans fat increases risk for coronary heart disease. In 2006, New York City (NYC) passed the first regulation in the United States restricting trans fat use in restaurants. OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of the NYC regulation on the trans and saturated fat content of fast-food purchases. DESIGN:Cro...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-2-201207170-00004
更新日期:2012-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Concierge medical practices, which advertise expanded access to care and individualized attention, collect charges both from insurance companies and directly from their patients. Some bill hundreds of dollars for one-time "executive" physicals, whereas others have patients pay annual retainer fees. Yet, virtually no d...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-6-201003160-00009
更新日期:2010-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Advice and exercise are widely recommended for subacute low back pain, but the effectiveness of these interventions is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effectiveness of physiotherapist-prescribed exercise, advice, or both for subacute low back pain. DESIGN:Factorial randomized, placebo-controlled tria...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-11-200706050-00007
更新日期:2007-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::A severe shortage of organs greatly limits the ability to deliver the miracle of transplantation to people suffering from end-stage organ disease. Contributing to this shortage is a high rate of refusal among families who are asked for permission to remove organs from a recently deceased relative. Mandated choice offe...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-125-1-199607010-00010
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exercise rehabilitation programs increase treadmill walking performance in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and intermittent claudication. However, it is unknown whether patients with PAD who walk for exercise regularly have less functional decline than those with less walking activity. OBJEC...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-144-1-200601030-00005
更新日期:2006-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::Many investigations consider the presence of e antigen (HBeAg) valuable in predicting which patients with acute hepatitis B are at risk of remaining infected and developing chronic liver disease. We tested this hypothesis in a retrospective study of serial samples from patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis. We fo...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-89-3-310
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The approximately 1.2 million inmates in U.S. correctional institutions have a high prevalence of communicable diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, tuberculosis, hepatitis B virus infection, and gonorrhea. Before their incarceration, most inmates had limited access to health care, which, tog...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-118-2-199301150-00010
更新日期:1993-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Injection insulin therapy is not readily accepted by patients and many health care providers; therefore, less invasive options for insulin therapy are desirable. PURPOSE:To examine the efficacy, safety, and patient acceptability of inhaled insulin therapy in nonpregnant adults with diabetes mellitus. DATA ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-145-9-200611070-00009
更新日期:2006-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital adrenal hyperplasia describes a group of inherited autosomal recessive disorders characterized by an enzymatic defect in cortisol biosynthesis, compensatory increases in corticotropin secretion, and adrenocortical hyperplasia. 21-Hydroxylase deficiency is responsible for more than 95% of cases and is one of...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-4-200202190-00012
更新日期:2002-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Medical devices have become an integral part of hospital-based care but also predispose patients to more than 850 000 device-related infections annually. Devices predispose to infection by damaging or invading epithelial and mucosal barriers to infection, by supporting growth of microorganisms and thus serving as rese...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-89-5-764
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The 2013 cholesterol management guidelines from the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) recommend lipid screening in all adults older than 20 years to identify those at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Statins may be considered for patient...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M16-2052
更新日期:2017-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Although disease caused by Arizona hinshawii is known to resemble the spectrum of clinical syndromes seen with Salmonella infections, little is known of their sensitivity to antimicrobials. We present three cases that are illustrative of Arizona sepsis, localized infection, or both; review the literature; and report s...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-85-5-587
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antinuclear antibodies are present in most patients receiving procainamide. To ascertain whether IgG antiguanosine antibodies are associated with the development of the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus, we compared the levels of these antibodies in the sera of 65 patients receiving procainamide: 18 with procai...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-104-3-310
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oral sildenafil and intravenous epoprostenol have independently been shown to be effective in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of adding oral sildenafil to long-term intravenous epoprostenol in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. DESIGN:A 16-week...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-149-8-200810210-00004
更新日期:2008-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90-90-90 global treatment target aims to achieve 73% virologic suppression among HIV-infected persons worldwide by 2020. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the clinical and economic value of reaching this ambitious goal in South Africa, by using a microsimulation m...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M16-0799
更新日期:2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Forceful new demands for accountability in medicine are arising from many interested parties. To maintain professional standards, physicians need to establish which demands are desirable and which are not. We adopt a model of stratified accountability that includes three major components: the accountable parties, the ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-2-199601150-00008
更新日期:1996-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Longer-term mortality benefit and cost-effectiveness for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) screening are uncertain. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the benefits, in terms of AAA-related and all-cause mortality, and cost-effectiveness of ultrasonography screening for AAA in a group that was invited to screening compared...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-10-200705150-00003
更新日期:2007-05-15 00:00:00