Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The Shannon entropy is a standard measure for the order state of sequences. It quantifies the degree of skew of the distribution of values. Increasing hypnotic drug concentrations increase electroencephalographic amplitude. The probability density function of the amplitude values broadens and flattens, thereby changing from a skew distribution towards equal distribution. We investigated the dose-response relation of the Shannon entropy of the electroencephalographic amplitude values during desflurane monoanesthesia in comparison with previously used electroencephalographic parameters. METHODS:Electroencephalographic records previously obtained in 12 female patients during gynecologic laparotomies were reanalyzed. Between opening and closure of the peritoneum, desflurane vapor settings were varied between 0.5 and 1.6 minimum alveolar concentration. Electroencephalographic Shannon entropy, approximate entropy, median electroencephalographic frequency, SEF 95, total power, log total power, and Bispectral Index were determined, and their correlations with the desflurane effect compartment concentration, obtained by simultaneous pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling, were compared. RESULTS:The electroencephalographic Shannon entropy increased continuously over the observed concentration range of desflurane. The correlation of the Shannon entropy (R2 = 0.84+/-0.08, mean +/- SD) with the desflurane effect compartment concentrations is similar to approximate entropy (R2 = 0.85+/-0.12), SEF 95 (R2 = 0.85+/-0.10), and Bispectral Index (R2 = 0.82+/-0.13) and is more statistically significant than median frequency (R2 = 0.72+/-0.17), total power (R2 = 0.67+/-0.18), and log total power (R2 = 0.80+/-0.09). CONCLUSIONS:The Shannon entropy seems to be a useful electroencephalographic measure of anesthetic drug effect.
journal_name
Anesthesiologyjournal_title
Anesthesiologyauthors
Bruhn J,Lehmann LE,Röpcke H,Bouillon TW,Hoeft Adoi
10.1097/00000542-200107000-00010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-07-01 00:00:00pages
30-5issue
1eissn
0003-3022issn
1528-1175journal_volume
95pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章相关文献
ANESTHESIOLOGY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:Establishment of early oral nutrition after surgery is associated with a decrease in morbidity and mortality. The following studies were undertaken to determine how surgery influences food-reinforced behavior in rats and to determine the relevance of afferent input from the incision site on this behavior. M...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200509000-00028
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors determined whether they could predict accurately the solubility of anesthetics in aqueous solutions at 37 degrees C, knowing the osmolarity and the pH of the solution and the solute composition. The partition coefficients of the four volatile anesthetics, isoflurane, enflurane, halothane, and methoxyfluran...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198312000-00013
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Halothane-induced lipid peroxidation was studied in microsomes from phenobarbital-pretreated male rats at defined steady state oxygen partial pressures (PO2). At PO2 less than 10 mmHg on addition of halothane to NADPH-reduced microsomes, significant increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, oxygen uptake, and conj...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198501000-00009
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sympathetic nerve activity was recorded in the leg during high thoracic epidural anesthesia with a segmental sensory blockade of the upper thoracic dermatomes to test the hypothesis that the sympathetic blockade accompanying thoracic epidural anesthesia includes caudal parts of the sympathetic nervous system...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199911000-00021
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The goal of this study was to identify interventions that anesthesiologists can make to decrease total costs of a postanesthesia care unit (PACU). METHODS:Data were collected retrospectively from patients who underwent ambulatory surgery at our tertiary care center. RESULTS:Supplies and medications account...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199501000-00013
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies have questioned the importance of the gravitational model of pulmonary perfusion. Because low levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) are commonly used during anesthesia, the authors studied the distribution of pulmonary blood flow with low levels of PEEP using a high spatial resolut...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199805000-00021
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Neurologic and Adaptive Capacity Score (NACS) is a multi-item scale that was published in 1982 to measure the effects of intrapartum drugs on the neonate. Although this scoring system has been widely used in obstetric anesthesia research, studies confirming its reliability have not been published. The pu...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200106000-00007
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A carcinogen bioassay of enflurane was performed in Swiss/ICR mice. Two groups of weanling mice, each of 125 males and 125 females, were exposed to eigher a maximum tolerated dose of enflurane, 3000 ppm (0.3 per cent v/v) or compressed air for 4 hs per day, 5 days per week. After 52 weeks exposure, 25 males and 25 fem...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198201000-00003
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obstetrics carries high medical liability risk. Maternal death and newborn death/brain damage were the most common complications in obstetric anesthesia malpractice claims before 1990. As the liability profile may have changed over the past two decades, the authors reviewed recent obstetric claims in the Ame...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e318190e16a
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the volatile anesthetics directly affect cardiac contractile proteins. For this purpose, the effects of various anesthetic doses of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on myocardial calcium sensitivity and maximal calcium-activated force were examined in rat cardiac...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198812000-00015
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The authors developed a measure to determine whether maternal motivation to be present during induction (Motivation for Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia [MPPIA]) is related to children's anxiety during the induction process. METHODS:Mothers and children (aged 2-12 yr) undergoing outpatient, ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200509000-00008
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neurokinins (e.g., substance P) contribute to pain transmission in the central nervous system, peripheral neurogenic inflammation, and leukocyte recruitment in inflammation. Leukocyte recruitment involves (1) up-regulation of adhesion molecule expression through neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptors on endothelial ce...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000291454.90754.de
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 1281 in vol. 121, issue 6, PMID: 25072223.]. ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000470960.33159.09
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although suppression of thermoregulatory mechanisms by anesthetics is generally assumed, the extent to which thermoregulation is active during general anesthesia is not known. The only thermoregulatory responses available to anesthetized, hypothermic patients are vasoconstriction and non-shivering thermogenesis. To te...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-198806000-00002
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The sevoflurane degradation product compound A is nephrotoxic in rats. In contrast, patient exposure to compound A during sevoflurane anesthesia has no clinically significant renal effects. The mechanism for this difference is incompletely understood. One possibility is that the metabolism and toxicity of co...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200512000-00012
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sugammadex (Org 25969) forms a complex with steroidal neuromuscular blocking agents, thereby reversing neuromuscular block. This study investigated the dose-response relation, safety, and pharmacokinetics of sugammadex to reverse rocuronium-induced block. METHODS:Twenty-seven male surgical patients aged 18-...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-200604000-00009
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:When performing experiments at room temperature with volatile general anesthetics and in vitro mammalian preparations (such as isolated neurons), the question arises as to which concentrations of anesthetics are "clinically relevant." Different choices can lead to different interpretations of the anesthetic ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199603000-00027
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:: Recent population studies have suggested that children with multiple exposures to anesthesia and surgery at an early age are at an increased risk of cognitive impairment. The authors therefore have established an animal model with single versus multiple exposures of anesthetic(s) in young versus adult mice...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182834d77
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous clinical evidence and electrophysiologic studies in the authors' laboratory have implicated the dorsal column (DC) as an important pathway for the transmission of visceral colorectal pain. This study examined, behaviorally and electrophysiologically, the role of the DC in mediating epigastric nocice...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199808000-00018
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:General anesthetics may modify airway responsiveness. The authors investigated the effect of thiopental, propofol, and etomidate on airway smooth muscle. METHODS:Contraction experiments were done in human airway rings that were either normal or passively sensitized with asthmatic serum. The effect of propof...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199802000-00008
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pneumocephalus occurs in a variety of clinical settings and has important anesthetic implications, particularly if N2O is used. One common cause of pneumocephalus is a craniotomy or craniectomy, and therefore, patients undergoing these neurosurgical procedures may be at increased risk for the development of ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199405000-00009
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular spasm is a well-known complication during vascular surgery. Topical lidocaine is frequently used to prevent this spasm. However, the effects of lidocaine on the endothelium-dependent antiaggregation are not clear. METHODS:The aggregation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) obtained from healthy volunteer...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199508000-00018
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent reports have described resistance to pancuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in patients chronically receiving anticonvulsants. This study examines the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metocurine (MTC) in 12 patients undergoing craniotomy--six on chronic phenytoin therapy and six comparable controls....
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198509000-00009
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Results from previous studies on the effect of nitrous oxide (N2O) on the cerebral circulation are conflicting. Early reports claim N2O to have no effect whereas recent findings demonstrate a cerebral cortical vasodilatation during N2O inhalation, but the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the subcortical...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199408000-00018
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Results from previous studies have shown favorable effects from the addition of buprenorphine to local anesthetics used for interscalene or axillary perivascular brachial plexus blocks. The main objective of the current study was to determine whether addition of buprenorphine could enhance bupivacaine analge...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181f90ce8
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Awareness during anesthesia is foremost assessed with postoperative interviews, which may underestimate its incidence. On-line monitors such as the Bispectral Index and patient response to verbal command are not necessarily commonly used. This study investigated response to command during deep sedation (Bisp...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-200309000-00011
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nitrous oxide limits intraoperative hypothermia because the vasoconstriction threshold with nitrous oxide is higher than with equi-minimum alveolar concentrations of sevoflurane or isoflurane, presumably because of its stimulating actions on the sympathetic nervous system. Xenon, in contrast, does not cause ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199909000-00011
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular endothelium plays an important role in the regulation of vascular tone. Volatile anesthetics have been shown to attenuate endothelium-mediated relaxation in conductance arteries, such as aorta. However, significant differences in volatile anesthetic pharmacology between these large vessels and the s...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199501000-00024
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A constantly coupled bigeminal arrhythmia was induced in dogs anesthetized with thiopental-halothane by infusion of epinephrine (1 microgram.kg-1.min-1). The site of origin of the abnormal beat was localized to the interventricular septum by bipolar recordings from the left and right ventricular epicardium and two sit...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198208000-00006
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The analgesic activity of morphine-6-glucuronide (M-6-G) is well recognized for its contribution to the effects of morphine and its possible use as an opioid analgesic with a wider therapeutic range than morphine. The present study attempted to quantify the relative contribution of M-6-G to analgesia observe...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199712000-00014
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00