Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the rate of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids from all sources and specifically from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected sources among hospital workers, by job category and work area. DESIGN:Multicenter prospective study. Occupational exposure data (numerator) and full-time equivalents ([FTEs] denominator) were collected over a 5-year period (1994-1998) and analyzed. SETTING:18 Italian urban acute-care hospitals with infectious disease units. RESULTS:A total of 10,988 percutaneous and 3,361 mucocutaneous exposures were reported. The highest rate of percutaneous exposure per 100 FTEs was observed among general surgery (11%) and general medicine (10.6%) nurses, the lowest among infectious diseases (1.1%) and laboratory (1%) physicians. The highest rates of mucocutaneous exposure were observed among midwives (5.3%) and dialysis nurses (4.7%), the lowest among pathologists (0%). Inadequate sharps disposal and the prevalence of sharps in the working unit influence the risk to housekeepers. The highest combined HIV exposure rates were observed among nurses (7.8%) and physicians (1.9%) working in infectious disease units. The highest rates of high-risk percutaneous exposures per 100 FTE were again observed in nurses regardless of work area, but this risk was higher in medical areas than in surgery (odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-2.5; P<.0001). CONCLUSION:Exposure risk is related to job tasks, as well as to the type and complexity of care provided in different areas, whereas HIV exposure risk mainly relates to the prevalence of HIV-infected patients in a specific area. The number of accident-prone procedures, especially those involving the use of hollow-bore needles, performed by job category influence the rate of exposure with high risk of infection. Job- and area-specific exposure rates permit monitoring of the effectiveness of targeted interventions and control measures over time.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Puro V,De Carli G,Petrosillo N,Ippolito Gdoi
10.1086/501890subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-04-01 00:00:00pages
206-10issue
4eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834pii
ICHE6791journal_volume
22pub_type
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journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
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abstract:OBJECTIVE:To ascertain which components of healthcare worker (HCW) influenza vaccination programs are associated with higher vaccination rates. DESIGN:Survey. SETTING:University-affiliated hospitals. METHODS:Participating hospitals were surveyed with regard to their institutional HCW influenza vaccination program fo...
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journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
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abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the influence of catheter site and type (single- vs triple-lumen) on infection rates associated with central venous catheterization. DESIGN:Prospective observational study of all nontunneled central venous catheters over a 28-month period. Data collected included patient characteristics, inserti...
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abstract::The usefulness of routine annual tuberculin skin testing (purified protein derivative [PPD]) of hospital employees has been questioned. Between 1984 and the end of 1987 the PPD conversion rates of hospital employees at a university and psychiatric hospital in North Florida were compared. The number of employees in bot...
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更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
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