Abstract：
:Iodinated X-ray contrast media are among the most frequently used pharmaceuticals for intravascular administration. Although the newer low osmolality, nonionic contrast media, are generally well tolerated, it is well known that they, like the ionic contrast media, give rise to immediate or delayed adverse reactions in susceptible individuals. In the present review, the delayed allergy-like reactions, which by definition occur more than 1 h after contrast medium administration, are described, and the possible pathophysiological mechanisms discussed. Delayed allergy-like reactions to contrast media, which have been reported to occur in 0.5-2% of recipients, are mainly mild to moderate skin reactions of the maculopapular exanthematous and urticarial/angioedematous types. Most of the reactions become apparent after a latency of 3 h to 2 days and disappear within 1 week. The incidence of more severe reactions is extremely low. Main risk factors for delayed allergy-like reactions appear to be a previous contrast medium reaction, a history of allergy, IL-2 treatment and being of Japanese descent. At present, the exact pathogenesis of these delayed reactions is still unclear. There is, however, increasing evidence that a significant proportion of the reactions are T-cell mediated.
journal_name
Eur Radioljournal_title
European radiologyauthors
Christiansen C,Pichler WJ,Skotland Tdoi
10.1007/s003300000543subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
1965-75issue
12eissn
0938-7994issn
1432-1084journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The clinical management of patients with skeletal metastases puts new demands on imaging. The radiological imaging in screening for skeletal metastases entails detection, metastatic site description and radiologically guided biopsy for morphological typing and diagnosis. Regarding sensitivity and the ease in performin...
journal_title：European radiology
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journal_title：European radiology
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