Abstract:
:Methylation of DNA is a biochemical modification that can influence gene expression and is involved in inactivating one of the two X chromosomes in women. Evidence that has accumulated in the past 10 years suggests that cancer cells usurp this physiologic mechanism and use it to their benefit by inactivating tumor suppressor genes and related proteins. However, the primary structure of the affected proteins remains intact; reversal of abnormalities in DNA methylation may therefore restore the tumor-suppressive function of these genes and provide a novel approach to cancer therapy. Two demethylating drugs, 5-azacytidine and 5-aza-deoxycytidine, are currently being tested in clinical trials, and several others are in preclinical development. In this article, the biological rationale for targeting aberrant methylation in cancer therapy is reviewed and completed phase I and II trials of this approach, some of which show promise for treatment of hematologic malignancies, are summarized.
journal_name
Ann Intern Medjournal_title
Annals of internal medicineauthors
Santini V,Kantarjian HM,Issa JPdoi
10.7326/0003-4819-134-7-200104030-00011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-04-03 00:00:00pages
573-86issue
7eissn
0003-4819issn
1539-3704pii
200104030-00011journal_volume
134pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Common diseases, particularly dementia, have large social costs for the U.S. population. However, less is known about the end-of-life costs of specific diseases and the associated financial risk for individual households. OBJECTIVE:To examine social costs and financial risks faced by Medicare beneficiaries ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M15-0381
更新日期:2015-11-17 00:00:00
abstract:Background:More than half of enrollees in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) are also covered by Medicare and can choose to receive their prescriptions from VA or from Medicare-participating providers. Such dual-system care may lead to unsafe opioid use if providers in these 2 systems do not coordinate care o...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M18-2574
更新日期:2019-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of solid tumors was evaluated in 628 consecutive patients with multiple myeloma who had been treated with various melphalan-prednisone combinations. Among those patients who lived at least 2 months, the incidence and diversity of second tumors were similar to those in normal persons of the same age and d...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-90-5-780
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dietary and lifestyle modification efforts are the primary treatments for people who are obese or overweight. The effect of dietary counseling on long-term weight change is unclear. PURPOSE:To perform a meta-analysis of the effect of dietary counseling compared with usual care on body mass index (BMI) over ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-1-200707030-00007
更新日期:2007-07-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Life space is a measure of where a person goes, the frequency of going there, and the dependency in getting there. It may be a more accurate measure of mobility in older adults because it reflects participation in society as well as physical ability. OBJECTIVE:To assess effects of hospitalization on life sp...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-6-200903170-00005
更新日期:2009-03-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The current standard initial therapies for deep venous thrombosis are low-molecular-weight heparin and unfractionated heparin. In a dose-ranging study of patients with symptomatic deep venous thrombosis, fondaparinux had efficacy and a safety profile similar to those of low-molecular-weight heparin (daltepar...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-140-11-200406010-00007
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The following principles of appropriate antibiotic use for adults with acute pharyngitis apply to immunocompetent adults without complicated comorbid conditions, such as chronic lung or heart disease, and history of rheumatic fever. They do not apply during known outbreaks of group A streptococcus.1. Group A beta-hemo...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-6-200103200-00019
更新日期:2001-03-20 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the efficacy of pharmacologic agents for the irritable bowel syndrome. DATA SOURCES:Electronic literature search of MEDLINE (1966 to 1999), EMBASE (1980 to 1999), PsycINFO (1967 to 1999), and the Cochrane controlled trials registry and a manual search of references from bibliographies of identified...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-133-2-200007180-00013
更新日期:2000-07-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV-infected patients with sustained immunologic improvement from antiretroviral therapy may be able to discontinue chemoprophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). OBJECTIVE:To compare PCP incidence in HIV-infected patients who had sustained CD4+ lymphocyte counts greater than 200 cells/mm3 a...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-132-3-200002010-00005
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate relative risk of mortality and median life expectancy for patients with classic hemophilia by a life-table analysis, taking into account deaths that may have occurred in infancy or childhood before the onset of symptoms. DESIGN:Retrospective chart review of clinical series. SETTING:Referral-base...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-114-8-641
更新日期:1991-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Opioid dependence is a chronic relapsing medical condition with substantial health and societal complications. Recent federal initiatives are designed to enhance the medical treatment of patients with opioid dependence and will expand the role of internists in the care of these patients. These initiatives include a pr...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-137-8-200210150-00014
更新日期:2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::As a result of important advances in medical imaging, the oral cholecystogram is no longer the primary test of gallbladder function and anatomy. Real-time ultrasonography and cholescintigraphy, both highly sensitive and specific tests, are the two major methods for assessing gallbladder pathology. Oral cholecystograph...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-9-722
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine, through structured methodologic review of published articles, the effectiveness of short-course (< or = 2 weeks) antibiotic therapy for catheter-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. DATA SOURCES:English-language publications on catheter-related S. aureus bacteremia identified using MEDLINE...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-119-4-199308150-00010
更新日期:1993-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent guidelines for adult prevention do not recommend a comprehensive annual physical examination, but current public expectations in light of this change are unknown. OBJECTIVE:To determine public belief in the need for and content of an annual physical examination and to examine the effect of financial ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-9-200205070-00007
更新日期:2002-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of a resistance-training program on walking endurance in a healthy, community-dwelling elderly population. DESIGN:12- week randomized, controlled trial comparing a resistance- training group with a nonexercising control group. SETTING:Hospital-affiliated outpatient exercise facility....
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-6-199603150-00005
更新日期:1996-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Under the current system of disability determination and workers' compensation for occupational lung disease, disabled workers or their survivors can reasonably count on being compensated. However, by rejecting established scientific truth in order to pay workers' compensation in circumstances where disability or deat...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-97-6-908
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Whether statin type influences hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence or mortality in chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection is unknown. Objective:To assess the relationship between lipophilic or hydrophilic statin use and HCC incidence and mortality in a nationwide population with viral hepatitis. Des...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M18-2753
更新日期:2019-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::In observational studies or nonrandomized experiments, treated and control groups may differ in their outcomes even if the treatment has no effect; this may happen if the groups were not comparable before the start of treatment. The groups may fail to be comparable in either of two ways: They may differ with respect t...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-115-11-901
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We surveyed the faculty, fellows, and residents of a department of medicine to determine the relative importance of each of eight personal characteristics evaluated during the interview of house staff candidates. A booklet containing all possible pairings of the eight characteristics was distributed to 219 participant...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-97-1-108
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Advice and exercise are widely recommended for subacute low back pain, but the effectiveness of these interventions is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effectiveness of physiotherapist-prescribed exercise, advice, or both for subacute low back pain. DESIGN:Factorial randomized, placebo-controlled tria...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-11-200706050-00007
更新日期:2007-06-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with increased morbidity and mortality because of cardiovascular disease, independent of traditional risk factors. OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of preclinical atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to identify clinical and biological markers for...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-144-4-200602210-00006
更新日期:2006-02-21 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are associated with procedure-related complications, yet little is known about variation in complication rates among institutions that may suggest disparities in care quality. Objective:To assess institutional variation in risk-standardized complication ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M18-2810
更新日期:2019-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whether behavioral approaches for self-management programs benefit individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus is unclear. PURPOSE:To determine the effects of behavioral programs for patients with type 1 diabetes on behavioral, clinical, and health outcomes and to investigate factors that might moderate effec...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.7326/M15-1399
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oral sildenafil and intravenous epoprostenol have independently been shown to be effective in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of adding oral sildenafil to long-term intravenous epoprostenol in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. DESIGN:A 16-week...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-149-8-200810210-00004
更新日期:2008-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 3000 people in Bennington, Vermont, 19% of the population, had a diarrheal illness during the first and second weeks of June 1978. Persons affected reported abdominal cramps (86%), diarrhea (82%), malaise (73%), and headache (47%). The mean duration of illness was 4.6 days. The illness was associated wit...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-96-3-292
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Biosimilars are of growing clinical, regulatory, and commercial importance. Purpose:To summarize evidence about the bioequivalence between biosimilar and reference tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors. Data Sources:PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and LILACS from incept...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/M16-0428
更新日期:2016-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Platelets may have a role in the development of animal tumor metastases. Ultrastructural studies in vivo have shown arrested tumor emboli surrounded by platelets. Several tumor cell lines induce thrombocytopenia in vivo. Certain tumor cells aggregate platelets in vitro. Correlations exist between the ability of some t...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-95-5-636
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although weight loss improves risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic disease, it is unclear whether intentional weight loss reduces mortality rates. OBJECTIVE:To examine the relationships among intention to lose weight, weight loss, and all-cause mortality. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study using a pr...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-5-200303040-00007
更新日期:2003-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::The term "medical necessity" is used ubiquitously in health care, but its meaning and implementation vary substantially among providers, payers, and patients. This ambiguity has led some to suggest that cost-effectiveness be used as a basis for decision rules. This paper presents an analytical framework that is famili...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-126-2-199701150-00011
更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Our review focuses on low density lipoprotein (LD lipoprotein) and very low density lipoprotein (VLD lipoprotein) in their roles as transporters of cholesterol and triglyceride and as factors contributing to premature arteriovascular disease. We describe the clinical manifestations of the common, primary hyperlipoprot...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-85-4-497
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00