Zolpidem: an update of its pharmacology, therapeutic efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of insomnia.

abstract：:An increase in serum digoxin concentration occurs in 90% of patients given quinidine. On average, the serum digoxin doubles during treatment with therapeutic doses of quinidine. Almost every patient treated with quinidine will have a decrease in the renal clearance of digoxin and many will have a decrease in the volum...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Bigger JT Jr,Leahey EB Jr

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacotherapy for the management of obesity is primarily aimed at weight loss, weight loss maintenance and risk reduction, and has included thyroid hormone, amphetamines, phentermine, amfepramone (diethylpropion), phenylpropanolamine, mazindol, fenfluramines and, more recently, sibutramine and orlistat. These agents...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Ioannides-Demos LL,Proietto J,McNeil JJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the availability of effective pharmacological treatments to aid the control of blood pressure, the global rate of uncontrolled blood pressure remains high. As such, further measures are required to improve blood pressure control. Recently, several national and international guidelines for the management of hyp...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Kjeldsen S,Feldman RD,Lisheng L,Mourad JJ,Chiang CE,Zhang W,Wu Z,Li W,Williams B

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC) is a heterogeneous entity usually embracing T3-4 and/or pelvic lymph-node-positive disease in the absence of established metastases. Outcomes for LAPC with single therapies have traditionally been poor, leading to the investigation of adjuvant therapies. Prostate cancer is a hor...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Martin JM,Supiot S,Berthold DR

更新日期：2011-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Long term administration of common loop or distal tubular diuretics may cause somatic magnesium depletion. The resultant deficiency of Mg++ destabilises the myocardium electrically and is a principal cause of cardiac arrhythmias ascribed to diuretics. The adverse effects of diuretics caused by Mg++ depletion can be av...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Leary WP,Reyes AJ

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of estrogen in depression. Estrogen can modulate neurotransmitter turnover, enhancing the levels of serotonin and noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and it is involved in the regulation of serotonin receptor number and function. Across the female reproductive life, fluctuati...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Ryan J,Ancelin ML

更新日期：2012-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide is a fixed-dose (valsartan 80, 160 or 320mg plus hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 or 25mg) angiotensin II receptor blocker/diuretic drug combination indicated for the treatment of patients with essential hypertension not adequately controlled by monotherapy.There is ample evidence that valsartan/...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Wagstaff AJ

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Terfenadine is a selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist which, in pharmacodynamic studies, is devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. In clinical studies terfenadine is well tolerated and at a dose of 60mg administered twice daily the drug provides effective relief of symptoms in patients with allerg...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： McTavish D,Goa KL,Ferrill M

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During recent decades, undeniable progress has been made with regard to the management of arterial hypertension. Larger numbers of patients are aware they have hypertension, receive treatment and benefit from this therapy. Furthermore, significant reductions have been observed in morbidity and mortality resulting from...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Krivitzky A,Nguyen G,Gaudouen Y,Legrand M,Cohen R

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Follicular lymphoma (FL), the most common subtype of indolent lymphoma, is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage (III-IV), although patients are often asymptomatic. Traditionally, a palliative approach to management has been taken, cycling through watchful waiting, radiotherapy, oral alkylating agents and, eventually...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Pettengell R

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence of antibiotic resistance is primarily due to excessive and often unnecessary use of antibiotics in humans and animals. Risk factors for the spread of resistant bacteria in hospitals and the community can be summarised as over-crowding, lapses in hygiene or poor infection control practices. Increasing ant...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Rao GG

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibitors are widely used agents in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory and granulomatous diseases. It has long been appreciated that these agents confer an increased risk of tuberculosis; however, more recently it has been recognized that patients being treated with TNFalpha...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Smith JA,Kauffman CA

更新日期：2009-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin A acid (retinoic acid: tretinoin) is a vitamin A derivative used in the topical treatment of acne. It acts by 'unseating' comedones, improvement developing slowly over a period of 2 to 3 or more months, and is also said to prevent the formation of new lesions. About three-quarters of patients with acne vulgari...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Heel RC,Brogden RN,Speight TM,Avery GS

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine agonists (DAs) represent an excellent treatment option for patients with Parkinson's disease, in both the early and advanced stages of the disease, improving motor symptoms, lowering the incidence of motor complications, and addressing several non-motor symptoms. Indeed, each of these compounds have different...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Torti M,Bravi D,Vacca L,Stocchi F

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'funny' (pacemaker, I(f)) current, first described almost 30 years ago in sinoatrial node (SAN) myocytes, is a mixed sodium/potassium inward current, activated on hyperpolarisation in the diastolic range of voltages. 'Funny' (f) channels are activated by intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentr...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： DiFrancesco D,Borer JS

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucocorticoids are used for a variety of illnesses. One of their major complications is suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, rendering a patient unable to respond to stress. The risk of this suppression may be minimised by the use of short-acting glucocorticoid preparations, administration of the e...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Helfer EL,Rose LI

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The advent of thrombolytic therapy was a major advance in the treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The administration of fibrinolytic reperfusion therapy can reduce mortality rates by as much as 30%, with the greatest benefit observed if therapy is administered soon after symptom onset. Out...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Morse MA,Todd JW,Stouffer GA

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of functionally related zinc-containing enzymes that denature and degrade fibrillar collagens and other components of the extracellular matrix. Myocardial extracellular matrix remodelling and fibrosis regulated by MMPs are believed to be important contributors to the progr...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Li YY,Feldman AM

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolites of arachidonic acid have a broad range of physiological functions in the gastrointestinal tract, and seem to be involved in certain disturbances of gastrointestinal integrity and function. Prostaglandins inhibit gastric acid secretion, apparently via an adenylate cyclase-linked receptor, and also stimulate...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Isselbacher KJ

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pegylation of interferon-alpha-2a is associated with improved sustained virological response rates in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Subsequently, combination therapy with peginterferon-alpha-2a (40kD) [Pegasys] and ribavirin (Copegus trade mark, Rebetol) was investigated to establish if the efficacy of peginterfe...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Keating GM,Curran MP

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A somatropin preparation (Zorbtive) produced by recombinant DNA technology has been evaluated in patients with short bowel syndrome. Somatropin is thought to enhance intestinal adaptation in this condition through direct or indirect effects on the intestine. In a randomised, double-blind study in patients with short b...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Keating GM,Wellington K

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For patients with superficial bladder tumours intravesical treatment or prophylaxis with thiotepa, doxorubicin, mitomycin C or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin has added a useful dimension to management, although the precise indications for each regimen remain to be better defined. For patients with metastatic bladder cancer ...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Whitmore WF Jr,Yagoda A

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung tissue remodelling in chronic inflammatory lung diseases has long been regarded as a follow-up event to inflammation. Recent studies have indicated that, although airway and lung tissue remodelling is often independent of inflammation, it precedes or causes inflammation. None of the available therapies has a sign...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Roth M

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tuberculosis continues to be a major cause of disease and death throughout the developing world. Chemotherapy is the current method of control but with the continuing emergence of drug resistance, coupled with the reticence of major drug companies to invest in drug discovery, the identification of new vaccines to comb...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Orme IM

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:25 patients have been included in a randomised trial aimed to compare prehospital and hospital administration of anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (AP-SAC). Patients were first seen, at home, by a noncardiologist doctor working in a mobile-care unit and were then evaluated for entry into the stud...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Castaigne AD,Duval AM,Dubois-Rande JL,Herve C,Jan F,Louvard Y

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial meningitis in adults is a severe disease with high fatality and morbidity rates. Experimental studies have shown that the inflammatory response in the subarachnoid space is associated with an unfavourable outcome. In these experiments, corticosteroids, and in particular dexamethasone, were able to reduce the...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： van de Beek D,de Gans J

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Darunavir is an oral nonpeptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) that is used, together with a low boosting dose of ritonavir, as part of an antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen in treatment-experienced and -naive patients with HIV-1 infection. Compared with early-generation PIs, boosted darunavir has a high g...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： McKeage K,Perry CM,Keam SJ

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluoroquinolones have been shown to be active in vitro against many mycobacterial species, including most strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and M. fortuitum, and some strains of M. kansasii, M. avium-intracellulare (MAI) complex and M. leprae. Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and sparfloxacin are the best stud...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Jacobs MR

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin degludec (Tresiba(®)) is an ultra-long-acting insulin analogue that is also available as a coformulation with rapid-acting insulin aspart (insulin degludec/insulin aspart) [Ryzodeg(®)]. Insulin degludec has a flat, stable glucose-lowering profile with a duration of action of >42 h, and less within-patient day-...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Keating GM

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tipranavir (Aptivus) is a selective nonpeptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) that is used in the treatment of treatment-experienced adults with HIV-1 infection. Tipranavir is administered orally twice daily and must be given in combination with low-dose ritonavir, which is used to boost its bioavailability. The durab...

journal_title：Drugs

authors： Orman JS,Perry CM

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00