Abstract:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. In Malawi, rates of trichomoniasis in women are high. The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection in men is expected to be high but has not previously been documented. GOALS:We sought to determine the prevalence of trichomoniasis in Malawian men with and without urethritis, to evaluate a polymerase chain reaction detection assay for T. vaginalis in urethral swabs and to examine the effect of T. vaginalis infection on excretion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in semen. STUDY DESIGN:Men presenting at the Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) and Dermatology Clinics in Malawi were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. We compared a polymerase chain reaction-based test for T. vaginalis detection with wet-mount microscopy and culture of urethral swabs. HIV serology was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and HIV-1 RNA concentrations in semen were measured by quantitative nucleic acid sequence-based analysis. RESULTS:T. vaginalis was detected in 51 of 293 men. The estimated prevalence among symptomatic men was 20.8% and among asymptomatic men, 12.2%. Polymerase chain reaction performed with a sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.66-0.92) and specificity of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91-0.97) compared to wet-mount microscopy and culture. There was no difference in the rate of HIV seropositivity in men with and without T. vaginalis infection. However, in men with symptomatic urethritis, the median HIV RNA concentration in seminal plasma from men with T. vaginalis was significantly higher that in seminal plasma from HIV-positive men without trichomonas. :This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of trichomoniasis in Malawian men, to evaluate a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection assay for T. vaginalis in urethral swab samples, and to examine the effect of T. vaginalis infection on HIV excretion in the semen. There were 206 men with symptomatic urethritis in STD clinic and 127 asymptomatic men in the Dermatology Clinic who were enrolled from January to March 1996. Results, according to a wet-mount microscopy and urethral swabs culture combination, showed that, of 293 men, only 38 (13%) men were positive for T. vaginalis. The estimated prevalence among symptomatic and asymptomatic cases was 15.7% and 8.7%, respectively. The PCR yielded a sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.66-0.92) and specificity of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91-0.97); these were compared to the wet-mount microscopy and culture combination. Overall HIV seroprevalence of men was 51%, because gonococcal urethritis was shown to significantly increase seminal HIV RNA levels. The median HIV RNA concentration in seminal plasma from men with symptomatic urethritis plus T. vaginalis infection was significantly higher than in seminal plasma from HIV-positive men with symptomatic urethritis only. Since this study has several important limitations, a randomized clinical trial would be useful for determining whether urethritis cure rates can be significantly improved.
journal_name
Sex Transm Disjournal_title
Sexually transmitted diseasesauthors
Hobbs MM,Kazembe P,Reed AW,Miller WC,Nkata E,Zimba D,Daly CC,Chakraborty H,Cohen MS,Hoffman Idoi
10.1097/00007435-199908000-00003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-08-01 00:00:00pages
381-7issue
7eissn
0148-5717issn
1537-4521journal_volume
26pub_type
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journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Russian Federation is currently experiencing one of the fastest growing HIV epidemics worldwide. The objective was to identify sexual risk factors for recent heterosexually-acquired HIV infections. METHODS:A case-control study of recent HIV infection was conducted in the regions of Altaiskiy Krai, Krasn...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181728a9e
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae requiring arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil (AHU) may cause disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI). A significant epidemiologic association was noted between the incidence of disseminated gonococcal infection and the presence of gonococci of the AHU auxotype in the community over a n...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-198404000-00003
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To reduce the prevalence of curable sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in a South African mining community through provision of STD treatment services, including periodic presumptive treatment and prevention education to a core group of high-risk women living in areas around the mines. METHODS:Women at hi...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-200001000-00001
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are at an increased risk of HIV infection and they must be targeted for increased condom use. GOAL:To identify predictors of condom use among patients with STDs. STUDY DESIGN:In a cross-sectional survey, an interview-administered questionnair...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-199910000-00001
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate factors associated with recurrent chlamydial infection and failure to return for retesting in socioeconomically disadvantaged women (aged 16-24 years) entering the National Job Training Program, 1998--2005. GOAL:To evaluate sociodemographic characteristics of young women associated with recurren...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31815ea2bb
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a retrospective study, the prevalence of antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis serovars D to K, C. pneumoniae, and C. psittaci in cases attending a genitourinary clinic was examined. Blood samples were collected from 7,002 cases attending the clinic in Doncaster, England between May 1983 and May 1990. Sera from these...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-199303000-00001
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We addressed gaps in current HIV prevention research by examining the differences between 2 groups of young men: men who have sex with men only (MSM/O) and men who have sex with men and women (MSM/W). We examined patterns and correlates of sexual risk, and considered how race/ethnicity may affect these relat...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181924201
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
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doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31826ef2da
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31825af129
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the role of concurrent sexual partnerships (i.e., having sexual activity with another partner after a current partnership has been established) has been most strongly associated with the transmission of bacterial sexually transmitted infections, its role in the transmission of viral sexually transmi...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181bcd3e7
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sexual behaviors have been linked to seropositivity for human papillomavirus (HPV) but not with the magnitude of the seroreactivity. GOALS:The objective of this analysis was to examine the association of sexual behavior, cervical HPV 16 DNA positivity at enrollment (past) and at diagnosis (current), and oth...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-200203000-00009
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Screening women for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection using selective screening criteria has been operational in the northwestern United States (Region X) since 1988. Changes in the field, including declines in CT prevalence, introduction of sensitive laboratory tests, and budgetary pressures necessitate ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000124613.85111.6b
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evaluating chlamydia prevalence trends from sentinel surveillance is important for understanding population disease burden over time. However, prevalence trend estimates from surveillance data may be misleading if they do not account for changes in risk profiles of individuals who are screened (case mix) and...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000798
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Two of the major diagnostic methods for Trichomonas vaginalis, wet mount and culture, rely on the continued viability of the organism. Methods to increase the viability of T. vaginalis in urine are needed. GOAL:The goal of this study was to develop a method that increases the time of viability of T. vaginal...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000249724.72816.a0
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Women with disabilities can and do contract sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). However, because of access barriers, attitudinal misconceptions, and lack of awareness of their risk status, these infections may go under or undiagnosed. GOAL:To address issues regarding the treatment of women ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007435-200005000-00007
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dihydrofolate reductases were purified from Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains CDC 9 and 7134, for which MICs of trimethoprim differ twofold and MICs of sulfadiazine differ sixtyfold. Although affinities of the dihydropteroate synthetases from the two strains for sulfonamide were known to differ markedly, no conclusive...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-197804000-00002
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:This study describes self-reported histories of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) with respect to gender and ethnicity and examines the factors that influence the use of condoms among heterosexual users of injection drugs and/or crack cocaine. STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional design was used ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/00007435-199607000-00006
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the incidence of gonorrhea, gonococcal recidivism and related factors in venereal disease clinic patients. A sample of 2029 records, which were selected randomly, were reviewed. Gonorrhea and gonococcal recidivism were more common in nonwhite patients, particularly in nonwhite men. Gonorrhea occurred more t...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-197704000-00001
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
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doi:10.1097/00007435-200305000-00005
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Persons attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic have shown to be at a higher risk for HIV infection than the population in general. We evaluate the patterns of HIV prevalence and testing in relation to reported risk behavior. STUDY DESIGN:Data have been collected on all new atte...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
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更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
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doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181ad25ff
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about mobile application (app)-based behavior of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Thailand. A cross-sectional online assessment of app users in Bangkok found that more than a quarter have never tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 1 in 3 never tested for sexually transmitted infections (...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000624
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The base-line prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among applicants for first trimester induced abortion and among a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic population with macroscopically visible condyloma is investigated. Cervical cells were collected from 505 women applying for induced abortion. Cel...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To quantify the scope and yield of targeted syphilis screening in nonmedical settings in 7 US cities affected by recent syphilis outbreaks among men who have sex with men (MSM). METHODS:Data were collected from syphilis screening activities targeting MSM between 1999 and 2004, conducted in bathhouses or othe...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000181148.80193.91
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare self-reported doxycycline compliance in men and women attending an STD clinic with indications for Chlamydia trachomatis treatment to compliance measured using microprocessor-containing medication vials to count each time and date medication vials were opened. A secondary objective was to correlate...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-199905000-00006
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rectal and oral Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections are common among people with HIV, especially men who have sex with men (MSM); however, GC/CT testing rates remain low in many HIV clinics. We evaluated the real-world implementation and results of extragenital nucleic acid a...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Surveillance for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) is important for priority setting, service development, and evaluating interventions. GOAL:To conduct health facility-based surveillance for STDs to inform design of a control program and to provide baseline measures for evaluation of interv...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-199801000-00005
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antiretroviral therapy effectively reduces the risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission, but in the context of undetectable equals untransmittable and decreased condom use, rates of syphilis are increasing. In Oregon, syphilis has risen over 20-fold in the past decade, from less than 30 to approxima...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001015
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00