Abstract:
:Although it is increasingly common, meta-analysis is still a relatively new addition to the toolbox of research strategies. Partially because of its newness and partially because its early enthusiasts may have overstated its presumed contributions, a number of common misunderstandings have developed about the meta-analytic approach. These misunderstandings have to do with the way that meta-analysis is conducted and interpreted and its relation to primary research and narrative review. This article aims to highlight these misunderstandings and offer an alternative view of meta-analysis. It is hoped that meta-analytic research of the future will be a partnership with primary research and that meta-analysis will be valued not so much for its definitiveness as for the creative speculations it allows about patterns that appear across studies.
journal_name
Eval Health Profjournal_title
Evaluation & the health professionsauthors
Bangert-Drowns RLdoi
10.1177/016327879501800305subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-09-01 00:00:00pages
304-14issue
3eissn
0163-2787issn
1552-3918journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A meta-analysis of studies examining the interrater reliability of the standard practice of peer assessments of quality of care was conducted. Using the Medline, Health Planning and Administration, and SCISEARCH databases, the English-language literature from 1966 through 1991 was searched for studies of chance correc...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1177/016327879401700101
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The benefits of HIV treatment (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy [HAART]) have been less apparent in injecting drug users (IDUs), most probably as a result of poor adherence to treatment. We explored factors related to HIV treatment adherence as reported by 23 IDU-HIV patients and nine health professionals from hea...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278711401743
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined dimensionality and item-level psychometric properties of an item bank measuring activities of daily living (ADL) across inpatient rehabilitation facilities and community living centers. Common person equating method was used in the retrospective veterans data set. This study examined dimensionality...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278716676873
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persons with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (PWCs) completed and returned by mail a brief survey of open- and closed-ended items designed to assess their utilization and preferences for a variety of services. A total of 984 middle-aged adults diagnosed with Chronic Fatique Syndrome (CFS) from across North America returned t...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327879601900204
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Croatia faces a major threat of smoking-related health burdens given the monumental changes this newly formed country has undergone in the past 15 years because of its postcommunist democratic and economic transitions and the destructive 1991-1995 war with Serbia. This article provides information on Croatia's general...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278708320151
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A needs assessment is a research and planning activity designed to determine a community's service needs and utilization patterns. One of the most practical ways to plan services is to gather information accurately about a defined population and use that information to revise existing programs or develop new ones. Unf...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878400700206
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides an analysis of the way in which placebo effects could be investigated and taken into account, supported by a description of some of the major articles that have been published on this topic. Based on conceptual, theoretical, and methodological issues, the authors highlight some of the reasons for...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0163278703026002003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The standard-setting literature is filled with contributions in which issues associated with standards are discussed and various methods for setting standards are presented and reviewed. Almost no attention has been given to guidelines for helping standard-setting groups or committees address the issues and technical ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878300600101
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subjective tinnitus is an enigmatic and chronic condition that is predominantly managed as symptomatic. Little high-level evidence exists for the efficacy and specificity of the various tinnitus management strategies currently used, and this is reflected in documents that aim to guide clinicians. As a consequence, the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278710390355
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interviewers administered the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale (RSES) to five groups of Black (formal township and informal settlement), White, Indian, and mixed race adult residents of Greater Pretoria. The results demonstrated that the RSES was psychometrically sound for the five groups. The minimal effects of sociodemog...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278713504214
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, we review three innovative methods: multiform protocols, visual analog scaling, and the retrospective pretest-posttest design that can be used in evaluation research. These three techniques have been proposed for decades, but unfortunately, they are still not utilized readily in evaluation research. O...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0163278718759396
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this article was to describe the effectiveness of a multifocus recruitment strategy to a pilot project allowing direct provision of emergency contraception (EC) in a community pharmacy through collaborative agreements between pharmacists and physicians. The project recruited pharmacies through direct ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278703261202
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes the use of formative evaluation in assessing the feasibility of implementing a new service integration effort. The Child Health Initiative, a nine-site, national demonstration project funded in 1991 by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, sought to implement systemic change through the creation o...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327879802100104
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Dominican Republic (DR)-based multi-community trial of smoking cessation viewed health care workers (HCWs) as potential interventionists. Effectively engaging them requires a clear understanding of their attitudes and practices regarding smoking. A Rapid Assessment Procedure, conducted among HCWs in six economically...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278709333152
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Valid and reliable measurement tools are necessary for pain assessment among the elderly with dementia. This study aimed to translate the Mahoney Pain Scale (MPS) into Persian and evaluate its psychometric properties among Iranian elderly with dementia. In this methodological study, after translating and assessing the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278720961818
更新日期:2020-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::The versatility, speed, and reduced costs with which web surveys can be conducted with clinicians are often offset by low response rates. Drawing on best practices and general recommendations in the literature, we provide an evidence-based overview of methods for conducting online surveys with providers. We highlight ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278713496630
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The medical group survey from the CAHPS (formerly Consumer Assessment of Health Plans Study) project, G-CAHPS, focuses on patient experiences in receiving care from their medical group practice. We compared mail and telephone responses to the G-CAHPS survey in a sample of 880 patients from four physician groups. Patie...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0163278705281074
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present report describes the use of patient focus groups by a primary health care facility. We review our rationale for using focus groups and the process we used to prepare for and conduct them. We then highlight the results and lessons learned through this experience. Focus groups can be an excellent method for ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/01632780022034480
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The SF-36 is a practical and widely-tested instrument for measuring health status and medical outcomes. This article is not a critique of the SF-36, rather, it underscores its viability as an instrument for measuring physical and mental health and well-being. The article is a conceptual analysis of the SF-36, from the...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327879702000102
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complementary and alternative therapies such as reflexology and acupuncture have been the subject of numerous evaluations, clinical trials, and systematic reviews, yet the empirical evidence in support of their efficacy remains equivocal. The empirical evaluation of a therapy would normally assume a plausible rational...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278710361923
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have been compiled which report patient characteristics and patterns in the utilization of health care services. Very little information is available on the characteristics of patients who refuse services in a particular program. This article employs a sample of 246 home health care patients to describe t...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327878200500205
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gap between evidence-based guidelines for clinical care and their application in medical settings is well established and widely discussed. Effective interventions are needed to help health care providers reduce this gap. Whereas the development of clinical practice guidelines from biomedical and clinical research...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278705284443
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical decisions, including physicians' prescribing behaviors, are shaped by a complex interplay of clinical and nonclinical factors. We aim to determine how physician, patient, and relationship characteristics influence physicians' decisions to accommodate brand-name prescription drug requests. We applied multivaria...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278712468756
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article argues for the increased involvement of people with severe mental illness and consumers of other health and mental health services in evaluation and performance improvement in the organizations from which they receive services. Among other reasons, consumers can bring a different perspective to the select...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278702025003003
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A practice analysis, in which an appropriate sample of professionals is asked to describe what they do in their practices, is considered an essential part of the content-related validity evidence for licensure and certification tests. This article examines the precision of estimates of the mean frequencies for categor...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/016327879501800103
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obtaining a high response rate in survey research can bolster statistical power, reduce sampling error, and enhance the generalizability of the results to the population surveyed. We describe a mail survey designed to achieve a high return rate of completed questionnaires from members of the American Psychological Ass...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/01678702025002002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This survey aimed to assess the concerns of students of health-related higher education in Brazil regarding distance learning during the coronavirus pandemic. A Google Forms anonymous questionnaire was sent by WhatsApp Messenger to students at a private university. Seven hundred and four students answered the question...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278720939302
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The set of articles appearing in this issue of Evaluation & the Health Professions provides an in-depth examination of the validation process for licensing and certification test score decisions. The winter 1990 issue of Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice also contains an excellent set of articles about lice...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/016327879401700208
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In any survey where some of the invited participants fail to respond estimates may be biased. The literature on survey nonresponse is substantial, and the intellectual focus has typically been on the nonresponse of individuals. An important yet less scrutinized area in the analysis of nonresponse is in organizational ...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0163278717713569
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors describe the development and psychometric testing across three study phases of an Attitudes Toward Health Care Teams Scale. The measure contains two subscales: Quality of Care/Process (14 items) and Physician Centrality (6 items). The Quality of Care/Process subscale measures team members' perceptions of t...
journal_title:Evaluation & the health professions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/01632789922034202
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00