Abstract:
:Under a variety of conditions, the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane to small solutes can be nonselectively increased. A classic mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) was originally identified based on its dependence on matrix Ca2+ and its extreme sensitivity to cyclosporin A (CsA). It is now clear, however, that several additional and distinct processes can also produce increases in mitochondrial permeability. Both mitochondrial signal peptides (P. M. Sokolove and K. W. Kinnally, 1996, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 336, 69-76) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (P. M. Sokolove and L. M. Haley, 1996, J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 28, 199-206), for example, induce permeability increases that are relatively CsA insensitive and that persist in the presence of EGTA. Inorganic phosphate (Pi) appears to play a key role in each of these permeability increases. High (>1 mM) Pi levels facilitate the classic MPT, while Pi concentrations below 1 mM stimulate the permeability increase induced by signal peptides and inhibit that triggered by BHT. The effect of high Pi concentrations can most probably be explained by exchange of the anion for matrix ADP and the resulting alleviation of ADP-mediated inhibition of the MPT (R. G. Lapidus and P. M. Sokolove, 1994, J. Biol. Chem. 269, 18931-18936). In the experiments reported here, the mechanisms underlying the effects of low Pi concentrations on mitochondrial permeability were investigated, by monitoring mitochondrial volume, with the following results: (1) A hitherto unrecognized ability of Pi (<1 mM) to increase the lag preceding induction of the classic MPT by diamide, phenylarsine oxide, and t-butylhydroperoxide was identified. (2) Data were obtained suggesting that all of the effects of low Pi concentration, stimulation of signal peptide-induced swelling, blockade of BHT-induced swelling, and delay of the classic MPT, can be attributed to the capacity of the anion to complex Ca2+ in the mitochondrial matrix. (3) Differences in the responses of these three systems for enhancing mitochondrial permeability to experimental manipulation indicate that matrix Ca2+ plays more than one role in the regulation of mitochondrial permeability. An additional important finding is the observation that failure of EGTA to alter a mitochondrial process need not mean that the process is Ca2+ independent. In a multicompartment system, absence of EGTA action may instead reflect failure of the chelator to gain access to regulatory Ca2+.
journal_name
Arch Biochem Biophysjournal_title
Archives of biochemistry and biophysicsauthors
Kushnareva YE,Haley LM,Sokolove PMdoi
10.1006/abbi.1998.1039subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-03-01 00:00:00pages
155-62issue
1eissn
0003-9861issn
1096-0384pii
S0003986198910396journal_volume
363pub_type
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