Abstract:
:The hph-1 mouse is characterized by low levels of GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH) and tetrahydrobiopterin. A quantitative double-label in situ hybridization technique was used to examine CNS GTPCH mRNA expression within serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine neurons of male and female wild-type and hph-1 mice. In wild-type male and female animals the highest levels of GTPCH mRNA expression were observed within serotonin neurons, followed by norepinephrine and then dopamine neurons. Wild-type female animals were found to express lower levels of GTPCH mRNA in each cell type when compared with levels seen in wild-type males. GTPCH mRNA abundance in all three cell types was lower in hph-1 male than in wild-type male mice, with the greatest reduction in serotonin neurons. GTPCH mRNA levels were also lower in hph-1 female than in wild-type female mice, again with the greatest reduction occurring in serotonin neurons. Comparison of hph-1 male and hph-1 female mice revealed that the sex-linked difference in GTPCH mRNA expression observed in wild-type neurons was only present within female dopamine neurons. Overall, these results indicate that not only are basal levels of GTPCH mRNA expression heterogeneous across wild-type murine monoamine cell types but that gene expression is also modified in a sex-linked and cell-specific fashion by the hph-1 gene locus. The hph-1 mutation does not lie within the GTPCH mRNA coding region. The 5' flanking region of the GTPCH gene was cloned and sequenced and shown to be identical for both wild-type and hph-1 genomic DNA. Transient transfection assays performed in PC12 cells demonstrated that this 5' flanking region was sufficient to initiate transcription of a luciferase reporter gene. Although the hph-1 mutation does not lie within the 5' flanking region of the GTPCH gene, this region of the gene can function as a core promoter and is thus crucial to the control of GTPCH gene expression.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Shimoji M,Hirayama K,Hyland K,Kapatos Gdoi
10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720757.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-02-01 00:00:00pages
757-64issue
2eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
72pub_type
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