Abstract:
:A novel agar medium, chromogenic Salmonella esterase (CSE) agar, for the differentiation of salmonellae is described. The agar contains peptones and nutrient extracts together with the following (grams per liter unless otherwise specified): 4-[2-(4-octanoyloxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-vinyl]-quinolinium-1-(propan-3-yl carboxylic acid) bromide (SLPA-octanoate; bromide form), 0.3223; lactose, 14. 65; trisodium citrate dihydrate, 0.5; Tween 20, 3.0; ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate, 0.035% (wt/vol), novobiocin, 70 mg liter-1. The key component of the medium is SLPA-octanoate, a newly synthesized ester formed from a C8 fatty acid and a phenolic chromophore. In CSE agar, the ester is hydrolyzed by Salmonella spp. to yield a brightly colored phenol which remains tightly bound within colonies. After 24 h of incubation at 37 or 42 degreesC, colonies of typical Salmonella spp. were burgundy colored on a transparent yellow background, whereas non-Salmonella spp. were white, cream, yellow or transparent. CSE agar was evaluated by using a panel of strains including a high proportion of Salmonella and non-Salmonella strains giving atypical reactions on other differential agars. The sensitivity (93.1%) of CSE agar for non-typhi salmonellae compared favorably with those of Rambach (82. 8%), xylose-lysine-deoxycholate (XLD; 91.4%), Hektoen-enteric (89.7%), and SM ID (91.4%) agars. The specificity (93.9%) was also comparable to those of other Salmonella media (SM ID agar, 95.9%; Rambach agar, 91.8%; XLD agar, 91.8%; Hektoen-enteric agar, 87.8%). Strains of Citrobacter freundii and Proteus spp. giving false-positive reactions with other media gave a negative color reaction on CSE agar. CSE agar enabled the detection of >30 Salmonella serotypes, including agona, anatum, enteritidis, hadar, heidelberg, infantis, montevideo, thompson, typhimurium, and virchow, which accounted for 91.8% of the salmonella isolates recorded by the Public Health Laboratory Service (Colindale, London, England) for 1997.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Cooke VM,Miles RJ,Price RG,Richardson ACdoi
10.1128/AEM.65.2.807-812.1999subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-02-01 00:00:00pages
807-12issue
2eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between bacteria and the tree legume mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) is important for the maintenance of many desert ecosystems. Genes essential for nodulation and for extending the host range to mesquite were isolated from cosmid libraries of Rhizobium (mesquite) sp. strain HW17b and Bradyrhi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.9.3422-3429.1995
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conjugal plasmid transfer was examined on the phylloplane of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and related to the spatial distribution pattern and metabolic activity of the bacteria. The donor (Pseudomonas putida KT2442) harbored a derivative of the TOL plasmid, which conferred kanamycin resistance and had the gfp gene insert...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.5.1902-1909.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::For decades, untreated sewage flowing northward from Tijuana, Mexico, via the Tijuana River has adversely affected the water quality of the recreational beaches of San Diego, California. We used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure the levels of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and enteroviruses in coastal waters ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01024-06
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is widely believed that horizontal patchiness exists in microbial sediment communities, determining the extent of variability or the particular members of the bacterial community which account for the observed differences among sites at various scales has not been routinely demonstrated. In this study, hor...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.5.1980-1986.2000
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) have been increasingly isolated from veterinarians and companion animals. With a view to preventing the spread of MRSA and MRSP, we evaluated the occurrence and molecular characteristics of eac...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02780-09
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inactivation (loss of culturability) by sunlight of enterococci and fecal coliforms within sewage effluent diluted in seawater was investigated in field experiments. In most experiments, 500-ml flasks of pure silica were used to confine activated sludge effluent diluted to 2% (vol/vol) in seawater. Inactivation of bac...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.6.2049-2058.1994
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Salmonella is recognized as one of the most significant enteric foodborne bacterial pathogens. In recent years, the resistance of pathogens to biocides and other environmental stresses, especially when they are embedded in biofilm structures, has led to the search for and development of novel antimicrobial s...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01351-16
更新日期:2016-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::A purified lipase from the yeast Cryptococcus sp. strain S-2 exhibited remote homology to proteins belonging to the cutinase family rather than to lipases. This enzyme could effectively degrade the high-molecular-weight compound polylactic acid, as well as other biodegradable plastics, including polybutylene succinate...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.7548-7550.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prototrophic and growth factor-requiring strains of Alcaligenes spp. were used to study the effect of a protozoan, Tetrahymena pyriformis, on the degradation of p-aminobenzoate. The protozoan inhibited activity of the prototrophic bacterium by reducing its population size. For the growth factor-requiring strain of Alc...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.41.1.229-232.1981
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malic acid is a potential biomass-derivable "building block" for chemical synthesis. Since wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains produce only low levels of malate, metabolic engineering is required to achieve efficient malate production with this yeast. A promising pathway for malate production from glucose proce...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02591-07
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The wood protection industry has refined their products from chrome-, copper-, and arsenate-based wood preservatives toward solely copper-based preservatives in combination with organic biocides. One of these is Cu-HDO, containing the chelation product of copper and N-cyclohexyldiazenium dioxide (HDO). In this study, ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01092-10
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant plasmid pM25 containing the celE gene of Clostridium thermocellum, which codes for an enzymatically active endoglucanase, was transformed into Lactobacillus plantarum by electroporation. Strains harboring pM25 expressed thermostable endoglucanase, which was found predominantly in the culture medium. Two ot...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.8.2095-2097.1989
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Total coliforms and total coliforms resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline, or chloramphenicol were isolated from filtered activated sludge effluents before and after UV light irradiation. Although the UV irradiation effectively disinfected the wastewater effluent, the percentage of the total surviving coliform popul...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.43.2.371-377.1982
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soybean trypsin inhibitors are thought to ward off pathogens. Studies with aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, frequent soybean contaminants, revealed that trypsin inhibitors do not affect the growth of these fungi and aflatoxin production. Further, the availability of zinc, an essential mi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.52.1.68-72.1986
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes secretes two chitinases and one chitin binding protein. Mutants lacking chiA, chiB, or lmo2467 exhibited normal growth in cultured cells but were defective for growth in the livers and spleens of mice. Mammals lack chitin; thus, L. monocytogenes may have adapted chitinases to recognize alternati...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01338-10
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Amazon rainforest, the largest equatorial forest in the world, is being cleared for pasture and agricultural use at alarming rates. Tropical deforestation is known to cause alterations in microbial communities at taxonomic and phylogenetic levels, but it is unclear whether microbial functional groups are altered. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02362-13
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In our previous study, Bacillus subtilis strain BSK3S, containing a polymyxin biosynthetic gene cluster from Paenibacillus polymyxa, could produce polymyxin only in the presence of exogenously added L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (Dab). The dependence of polymyxin production on exogenous Dab was removed by introducing an e...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07912-11
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The temporal and spatial distribution of Salmonella contamination in the coastal waters of Galicia (northwestern Spain) relative to contamination events with different environmental factors (temperature, wind, hours of sunlight, rainfall, and river flow) were investigated over a 4-year period. Salmonellae were isolate...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.4.2089-2097.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flow cytometry, using fluorescein-bound specific antibodies and propidium iodide, was shown to be effective in detecting Legionella spp. in cooling tower waters. The procedure was quicker and less labor intensive than fluorescent microscopy. The use of these procedures also identified qualitative differences, perhaps ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.4.852-857.1985
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To survive in various environments, from host tissue to soil, opportunistic bacterial pathogens must be metabolically flexible and able to use a variety of nutrient sources. We are interested in Pseudomonas aeruginosa's catabolism of quaternary amine compounds that are prevalent in association with eukaryotes. Carniti...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03943-12
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report demonstrates the applicability of a combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) and chemometrics for rapid and reliable identification of vegetative cells of the causative agent of anthrax, Bacillus anthracis. Bacillus cultures were prepared ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00857-09
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A glycosyltransferase, involved in the synthesis of cyclic maltosylmaltose [CMM; cyclo-{-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp(1-->4)-alpha-D-Glcp(1-->6)-alpha-D-Glcp(1-->4)-alpha-D-Glcp(1-->}] from starch, was purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant of Arthrobacter globiformis M6. The CMM-forming enzyme had a molecular mass...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.2.1065-1071.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 1580 in vol. 58.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten phenols were selected as natural laccase mediators after screening 44 different compounds with a recalcitrant dye (Reactive Black 5) as a substrate. Their performances were evaluated at different mediator/dye ratios and incubation times (up to 6 h) by the use of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Trametes villosa laccase...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.1775-1784.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Culture-independent molecular phylogenetic methods were used to explore the breadth of diversity and environmental distribution of members of the division-level "candidate" phylogenetic group WS6, recently discovered in a contaminated aquifer and with no cultivated representatives. A broad diversity of WS6-affiliated ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.4.1617-1621.2000
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is currently little information on nonphosphorylated sugar epimerases, which are of potential interest for producing rare sugars. We found a gene (the TM0416 gene) encoding a putative d-tagatose-3-epimerase-related protein from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima We overexpressed the TM0416 gene ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03291-16
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yeast extract agar, pork infusion agar, and modifications of these media were used to recover heated Clostridium botulinum spores. The D- and z-values were determined. Two type A strains and one type B strain of C. botulinum were studied. In all cases the D-values were largest when the spores were recovered in yeast e...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.34.4.377-381.1977
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protease-negative variants were shown to outcompete the wild-type strains of Streptococcus cremoris E(8), HP, and Wg(2) at pH values higher than 6.0 in milk. For S. cremoris E(8) this process was studied in more detail. At lower pH values the wild type had a selective advantage. This pH-dependent selection was not fou...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.2.309-314.1987
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioconversion of sugars present in wood hemicellulose to 2,3-butanediol by Klebsiella pneumoniae grown on high sugar concentrations was investigated. When K. pneumoniae was grown under finite air conditions in the presence of added acetic acid, 50 g of D-glucose and D-xylose per liter could be converted to 25 and ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.46.3.630-635.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined physiological adaptations which allow the psychrotroph Rhodococcus sp. strain Q15 to assimilate alkanes at a low temperature (alkanes are contaminants which are generally insoluble and/or solid at low temperatures). During growth at 5 degrees C on hexadecane or diesel fuel, strain Q15 produced a cell surfa...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.7.2961-2968.1999
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00