Abstract：
:Overactivation of glutamate receptors mediates neuronal death in several acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. The intracellular processes underlying this form of death, however, remain poorly understood. Depending on the severity of insult, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation induces either apoptosis or necrosis. Cysteine proteases related to interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE), recently termed caspases, appear necessary for neuronal apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. To determine whether caspases play a role in NMDA-induced apoptosis, we used two functionally distinct approaches to decrease substrate cleavage by caspases. One is a novel peptide (V-ICEinh) that contains the caspase catalytic site and acts as a pseudoenzyme that binds caspase substrates and prevents their cleavage. The other is a pseudosubstrate peptide (Z-VAD x fmk) that inhibits caspase activity. Pretreatment with either V-ICEinh or Z-VAD-fmk protects cerebrocortical neurons from NMDA-induced apoptosis, suggesting a role for caspases in NMDA-induced apoptosis. To explore the signaling pathways involved, we looked at the effects of NMDA receptor activation on Ca2+ influx, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and lipid peroxidation. Neither NMDA-induced Ca2+ influx nor the initial collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential could be prevented by pretreatment with V-ICEinh or Z-VAD x fmk. In contrast, ROS formation and lipid peroxidation were completely blocked by both V-ICEinh and Z-VAD x fmk. Taken together, our results suggest that Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial depolarization occur upstream from caspase activation, whereas ROS formation and lipid peroxidation may be downstream events in the cascade leading to cortical neuronal apoptosis.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Tenneti L,D'Emilia DM,Troy CM,Lipton SAdoi
10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71030946.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-09-01 00:00:00pages
946-59issue
3eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:It is well known that caspases are produced as proforms, which are proteolytically cleaved and activated during apoptosis or programmed cell death. We report here that caspases are activated during apoptosis by treatment with NOC18, a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Our present experiments have examined the way in which NO i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720196.x
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To better understand metabotropic/ionotropic integration in neurons we have examined the regulation of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine (mACh) receptor signalling in mature (> 14 days in vitro), synaptically-active hippocampal neurons in culture. Using a protocol where neurons are exposed to an EC(50) concentration of the ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04931.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that phorbol esters and lithium each stimulate the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the anterior pituitary tumor cell line AtT20/D16-16. Pretreatment with either lithium or phorbol ester desensitizes the cells to subsequent stimulation by phorbol ester. An early consequenc...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb13133.x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracerebral administration of [3H]arachidonic acid ([3H]ArA) into 19-20-day-old rat embryos, resulted in a rapid incorporation of label into brain lipids. One hour after injection, 55.6 +/- 8.2, 18.0 +/- 3.4, and 13.7 +/- 1.3% of the total radioactivity was associated with phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb11014.x
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tryptic digestion of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) isolated from rat adrenal glands labeled with 32Pi produced five phosphopeptides. Based on the correspondence of these phosphopeptides with those identified in TH from rat pheochromocytoma cells, four phosphorylation sites (Ser8, Ser19, Ser31, and Ser40) were inferred. Fi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09276.x
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transcription factor cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), a member of the basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family of proteins, is the major cAMP response element (CRE) binding. Other bZIP proteins, including CREB2, activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), or CAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) have b...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02882.x
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nature of postsynaptic sites involved in the uptake and metabolism of striatal 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine, DA) was investigated. The accumulation of [3H]DA (10(-7) M) into slices of rat striatum was found to be greatly dependent (greater than 99%) on the presence of sodium ion in the incubation medium...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07164.x
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelination of peripheral nerves by Schwann cells depends upon a gene regulatory network controlled by early growth response Egr2/Krox20, which is specifically required for Schwann cells to initiate and maintain myelination. To elucidate the mechanism by which Egr2 regulates gene expression during myelination, we have...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07045.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclic-AMP-binding proteins in membrane and soluble fractions from rat forebrain were compared; membrane fractions included smooth and rough microsomes and a plasma membrane fraction enriched in synaptic membranes. Protein fractions were treated with 8-azido-[32P]cyclic AMP and ultraviolet irradiation to covalently ta...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb00922.x
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental regulation of sensory function has provided an important model of plastic mechanisms mediating neural information processing. To define potential commonalities in information processing in different systems, we investigated molecular changes elicited by sensory deprivation in the developing rat olfactory...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb13410.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specific antisera were raised against the A and B chains of glycoprotein III. Immunoblotting revealed that in adrenal medulla both chains migrate very closely together in two-dimensional electrophoresis. Both chains with slightly differing molecular sizes are found in several endocrine tissues and in brain, kidney, li...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb13645.x
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The serotonin 5-HT3 receptor, a ligand-gated ion channel, has previously been shown to be present on a subpopulation of brain nerve terminals, where, on activation, the 5-HT3 receptors induce Ca2+ influx. Whereas postsynaptic 5-HT3 receptors induce depolarization, being permeant to Na+ and K+, the basis of presynaptic...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70031094.x
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specific D2 binding in rat striatum was characterized and then the effects of chronic disruption of dopaminergic activity on antagonist and agonist binding to these sites were studied. D2 receptors were defined as those sites capable of binding [3H]spiperone in the presence of cinanserin, a 5-HT2 antagonist, but not i...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb05388.x
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with cancer cachexia often suffer from psychiatric disorders. In the present study, we investigated the changes in monoaminergic activities in the brain in tumor-bearing mice with reference to the development of cachexia. Two clones, clone-5 (noncachectic clone) and clone-20 (cachectic clone), derived from th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70010260.x
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both acidosis and oxidative stress contribute to ischemic brain injury. The present study examines interactions between acidosis and oxidative stress in murine cortical cultures. Acidosis (pH 6.2) was found to potentiate markedly neuronal death induced by H2O2 exposure. To determine if this effect was mediated by decr...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0731549.x
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated [(18)F]fluoroethyl-harmol ([(18)F]FEH) as a reversible and selective ligand for positron emission tomography (PET) studies of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). Binding of [(18)F]FEH in rat brain cryostat sections indicated high affinity (KD = 3 nM), and density (Bmax; 600 pmol/g). The plasma free fraction w...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13370
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have characterized the structural properties of heparan sulfates from brain and other tissues after depolymerization with a mixture of three heparin and heparan sulfate lyases from Flavobacterium heparinum. The resulting disaccharides were separated by HPLC and identified by comparison with authentic standards. In ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62031126.x
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kinetic properties of soluble tyrosine hydroxylase from rat striatum and the activation of the enzyme by the polyanion heparin were assessed as a function of the monovalent cations K+, Na+, tetramethylammonium (TMA+), and Tris. Substitution of K+ or Na+ for TMA+ or Tris can alter the kinetic properties of tyrosine...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb12541.x
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using optical imaging of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) calcium dynamics in living intact retinal wholemount preparations, we tested whether RGCs in an experimental rat glaucoma model were more sensitive to exogenously applied glutamate as a result of deficient glutamate clearance mechanisms. In contrast to post-natal ra...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03214.x
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The postsynaptic density (PSD) is an electron-dense structure located at the synaptic contacts between neurons. Its considerable complexity includes cytoskeletal and scaffold proteins, receptors, ion channels and signaling molecules, in line with the role of PSDs in signal transduction and processing. The phosphorylat...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02943.x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We are very sad that the ISN lost its President Kazuhiro Ikenaka, Professor and Chairman at National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Director of Okazaki Institute of Integrative Biology. JNeurochem published an Obituary to value his outstanding achievements: Akio Wanaka et al. (2019) OBITUARY Kazuhiro Ike...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 新闻
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更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potent lipid biomediator that is likely to have diverse roles in the brain. Thus, LPA-induced events in astrocytes were defined. As little as 1 nM LPA induced a rapid increase in the concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) in astrocytes from neonatal rat brains. This incr...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69031073.x
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excitotoxicity mediated via the (S)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA) subtype of receptor for l-glutamate contributes to various neuropathologies involving acute brain injury and chronic degenerative disorders. In this study, AMPA-induced neuronal injury and staurosporine (STS)-mediated apopt...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04937.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leptin, the obese gene product, was reported to stimulate prolactin (PRL) secretion, but the neuroendocrine mechanism underlying this hormonal response is largely unknown. Thus, in this study we examined the involvement of several important PRL regulators in the leptin-induced PRL secretion in male rats. Compared with...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01683.x
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rarefaction of the dendritic tree leading to neuronal dysfunction is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases and we have shown previously that heat shock protein B5 (HspB5)/αB-crystallin is able to increase dendritic complexity in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate if this effect is also present in ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.15247
更新日期：2020-11-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolonged seizures activate members of the Bcl-2 homology domain 3-only sub-group of the Bcl-2 protein family, which are essential for initiation of apoptosis signaling. Bid is a potent pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homology domain 3-only protein, which upon proteolytic activation translocates to mitochondria to promote activat...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06909.x
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although palmitoylation of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)AR), as well as its phosphorylation by the cyclic AMP-dependant protein kinase (PKA) and the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK), are known to play important roles in agonist-promoted desensitization, their relative contribution and mutual regul...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00005.x
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the metabolism of phosphate and sulfate groups modifying the P0 protein, the major protein of peripheral nervous system myelin, using an in vitro incubation system. Incorporation of [3H]leucine into the P0 peptide backbone decreased approximately 25-fold between 10 and 90 days of age, a finding reflec...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb05599.x
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the molecular events triggered by NMDA and 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) preconditioning, that lead to neuroprotection against excitotoxic insults (AMPA or oxygen and glucose deprivation) in rat organotypic hippocampal slices, with particular attention on glutamate receptors and on cannabinoid syst...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.15033
更新日期：2020-04-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to cocaine-associated conditioned stimuli elicits craving and increases the probability of cocaine relapse in cocaine users even after extended periods of abstinence. Recent evidence indicates that cocaine seeking can be inhibited by disrupting the reconsolidation of the cocaine cue memories and that basolate...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
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更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
