Abstract：
:The ability to form tight junctions and the paucity of fluid phase endocytosis showed by brain microvacular endothelial cells (BMECs) make up the structural basis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Most studies on cultured BMECs focused on intercellular junctions, whereas endocytosis received lesser attention. We studied endocytosis of horseradish peroxidase in primary and passage 1 and 2 BMEC cultures from rat brain as well as in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) culture. Endocytic activity was also analyzed in passage 1 BMECs treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 microg/ml for 4 h), which mimics BBB disruption in bacterial meningoencephalitis. The percent of cytoplasmic area occupied by endocytic profiles (vesicles <70 nm and vacuoles >70 nm) and their mean number per cell were significantly lower in primary and passaged BMEC than in HUVEC cultures. The area and number of endocytic profiles significantly increased in BMECs after exposure to LPS. BMECs cultured under standard conditions may be a suitable model for studying the mechanism of increased fluid phase endocytosis in certain diseases and injury states.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Defazio G,Ribatti D,Nico B,Ricchiuti F,De Salvia R,Roncali L,Livrea Pdoi
10.1016/s0361-9230(97)00080-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-01-01 00:00:00pages
467-72issue
5eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
S0361-9230(97)00080-4journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common neurological disease, causing severe disability and even deaths. Stem cell transplantation has been increasingly used in stroke therapy, and neural stem cells (NSCs) are a good source for stem cell transplantation. However, the regulatory mechanism of NSCs remains unclear. In...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.026
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801) attenuates morphine-induced immediate-early gene expression in the rat striatum in a sexually dimorphic manner that depends in part on gonadal steroids. To determine if this effect was dependent on modulation of glutamate receptor...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00885-7
更新日期：2003-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A cDNA for Drosophila choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) was expressed in E. coli and the recombinant enzyme partially purified. Kinetic analysis yielded the following constants for the recombinant enzyme; KmAcCoA = 29 microM, KmCoA = 25 microM, Kmcholine = 330 microM, and Kmacetylcholine = 2 mM. The recombinant Drosoph...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90295-b
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intelligence depends on the ability of the brain to acquire and apply rules and representations. At the neuronal level these properties have been shown to critically depend on the prefrontal cortex. Here we present, in the context of the Distributed Adaptive Control architecture (DAC), a biologically based model for f...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.11.008
更新日期：2011-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the ring dove was demonstrated by the presence of labeled retinal processes. Horseradish peroxidase or tritiated proline were injected into the vitreous of the eye and were transported in an anterograde manner to label the SCN. After identifying the retinorecipient are...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90040-0
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ghrelin (Ghr) has two main forms in the blood: the acylated (A-Ghr) and non-acylated (NA-Ghr) Ghr. A-Ghr was discovered as a potent growth hormone (GH) secretion increasing substance acting on GH secretagouge receptor (GHS-R) type 1a. A-Ghr facilitates food intake after its i.p., i.c.v. or direct hypothalamic applicat...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.06.008
更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The pattern of NADPH-diaphorase expression was studied in the retina and optic tectum of the cichlid fish Tilapia mariae during the first developmental stages. NADPH-diaphorase activity was seen early, at hatching. In the retina a few cell bodies of the retinal inner nuclear layer showed a faint labeling. Scattered la...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00451-8
更新日期：2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Pretreatment with the 5-HT2 antagonist ketanserin and the 5-HT1A/2 antagonist spiperone did not reduce nicotine-induced hypomotility in mice, nor did MDL 7222, a selective 5-HT3 antagonist. In addition, 8-OH-DPAT and buspirone, 5-HT1A agonists, had no significant effects on nicotine-induced hypomotility. However, 8-OH...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(94)90252-6
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) modulate inflammatory nociception and anxiety. We evaluate whether treatments with a heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducer (CoPP) or a carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (CORM-2) are capable of inhibiting inflammatory pain aversiveness in wild type (WT) and inducible nitric oxide s...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.01.002
更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Microspectrofluorometry has played an important part in the development and understanding of fluorescence techniques for the demonstration of biogenic amines. This paper reviews briefly the techniques currently available for the characterization and localization of biogenic amines, and considers the basic design consi...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90124-1
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hippocampal theta activity is a large amplitude, sinusoidal wave that occurs during attentive immobility and exploratory behaviour in the rat, and it is thought to be involved in memory formation. Recent reports suggest that corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) has pro-mnemonic effects in rodents. Because memory-enha...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(99)00039-8
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Under standard laboratory conditions rats given access to three separate macronutrient sources compose a diet yielding 31% of their total daily calories as protein, 34% as carbohydrate, and 34% as fat. This selection pattern is dramatically altered with restored access following a 48 h fast. During the first hour of r...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90305-u
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurochemical analysis of norepinephrine and serotonin with high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (LCEC) in several microdissected central autonomic nuclei of 4 week old and 16 week old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), and control normotensive...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(84)90095-9
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to motor disturbance, sensory deficit, or autonomic dysfunction. The role of circRNAs in the pivotal physiopathological processes of SCI has been demonstrated recently. However, no similar research has been performed to explore the circRNAs involved in apoptosis after SCI. T...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.004
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The caudal neurosecretory system of Poecilia sphenops (molly) is an isolated population of neurosecretory cells located in the caudal most aspect of the teleost spinal cord. The structure of this neuroendocrine system is favorable for studies on the synaptic control of neurosecretory mechanisms. Little is known about ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90079-5
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study analyzed the projection neurons of the anterior subdivision of the rat basolateral amygdaloid nucleus (BLa) by correlating the morphology of Golgi-stained neurons with the morphology of neurons that were retrogradely labeled by injections into the main terminal fields of BLa. In each animal multiple injecti...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(92)90177-y
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic cerebral hypofusion (CCH) after bilateral carotid artery occlusion (2VO) causes cognitive damage and neuronal degeneration in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 area, and influences the oxygen and glucose supply in the brain which often results in metabolic alterations and oxidative stress. AMP-activated protein k...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.03.019
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study tests the influence of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) on the initiation of horizontal and vertical saccades, alone or combined with a predictable divergence. A gap paradigm was used; TMS was applied 100 ms after target onset. TMS of the left PPC increased the ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.11.007
更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A microdialysis probe, implanted in the posterior hypothalamus (PH) was used to examine changes of extracellular norepinephrine (NE) in freely moving rats from which mean arterial pressure (mAP) and heart rate (HR) were continuously monitored. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) was pumped through the probe and 10-m...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90117-i
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impairment of endosomal/lysosomal functions are reported as some of the earliest changes in several age-related neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Dysregulation of the lysosomal system is also accompanied by the accumulation of age-associated pigments and several recent reports have indicated that thi...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00948-6
更新日期：2003-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Catecholaminergic systems, specifically in the region of the lateral perifornical hypothalamus (PFH), have been linked to the inhibition of feeding behavior. The present studies examined the effects of d-amphetamine (AMPH), which is believed to act through the release of endogenous catecholamines (CAs), on spontaneous...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(86)90200-5
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A novel cholinergic immunotoxin (conjugate of the monoclonal antibody 192IgG against the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor with the cytotoxin saporin) producing selective lesions of cholinergic neurons in rat basal forebrain was applied to study its effect on hippocampal and cerebral cortical cholinergic neuro...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(95)02002-9
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression and anxiety have been reported as the major neuropsychiatric consequences following stroke. Minocycline, a neuroprotective drug has minimized depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorders and anxiety-like symptoms. In addition, minocycline demonstrated efficacy and seemed a promising neuro...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.11.009
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pax6 is a highly conserved transcription factor essential for the development of the eyes in vertebrate and invertebrate species. It is also required for normal development of many regions of the central nervous system, including the mammalian forebrain, hindbrain and spinal cord. In the forebrain, it is expressed in ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.02.006
更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Gestational exposure to nicotine has been shown to interfere with biochemical markers of development of central and peripheral noradrenergic activity. The current study examines the development and function of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors in the offspring of pregnant rats given nicotine infusions of 6 mg/kg/day f...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90066-9
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effects of mild hyperglycemia and insulin treatment on the metabolism of the ischemic brain in spontaneously hypertensive rats with acute hyperglycemia (n = 9), acute hyperglycemia treated with insulin during ischemia (n = 10), and normoglycemia (n = 10). Cerebral blood flow was measured by the H2 ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(96)00052-4
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of two diketopiperazines, Cyclo (His-Pro) (CHP) and Cyclo (Asp-Phe) (CAP), on striatal extracellular levels of dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were examined using in vivo microdialysis in anaesthetized rats. Treatment with ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90171-7
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possible involvement of basal telencephalic structures in visually conditioned heart rate change (established by pairing light and foot-shock) was studied in 156 pigeons by evaluating conditioning performance following lesions of the septum or lobus parolfactorius. Extensive destruction of the septal complex had n...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(78)90098-9
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In experimental studies on peripheral nerve repair, the possibility to objectively compare original and post-operative innervation is of decisive importance for the selection of the proper nerve-reconstruction strategy. Herewith we report serious drawbacks encountered with the standard method of pre- and post-operativ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type：
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00411-1
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcitonin, a peptide hormone expressed in C-cells of the thyreoid gland, as well as capsaicin, isolated from chili, both, modify intracellular signalling in nociceptive neurones. The pathways triggered by the activation of either of these receptors results in a modulation of the intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) co...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.02.006
更新日期：2011-04-25 00:00:00
