Abstract：
:Dementia has a reversible cause in some cases, and these should be diagnosed without over-investigating the many patients with irreversible disease. We prospectively studied the prevalence of reversible dementia in a memory clinic, determined the added value of investigations compared with clinical examination and assessed the outcome of treatment of potentially reversible causes by measuring (1) cognition, (2) disability in daily functioning, (3) behavioural changes and (4) caregiver burden. Two hundred patients aged 65 years and over were examined, using the CAMDEX-N. If they were demented, the probable cause was diagnosed clinically and confirmed or excluded by a standard set of investigations, which were done in all patients. Of the patients, 170 (mean age 79.2 years) were demented; 31 were treated for potentially reversible causes. At follow-up after 6 months, no patients showed complete reversal of dementia. Five patients improved on clinical impression, but only one on clinical measurement. Thirty patients were cognitively impaired, but not demented; seven were treated. Judged clinically, three patients improved, but on assessment only one did so; she recovered completely. Blood tests often produced diagnostic results that were not expected clinically, but electroencephalography and computed tomography of the brain did not. None of the investigations had an effect on outcome of dementia after treatment. We conclude that in elderly patients referred to a memory clinic, the prevalence of reversible dementia is of the order of 1%, if outcome after treatment is assessed by a standardized measurement. We recommend blood tests in all patients, to detect not only metabolic causes of dementia but also co-morbidity possibly worsening the dementia. Other investigations can be performed on clinical indication. Clinical evaluation remains the mainstay of diagnosis in dementia.
journal_name
J Neuroljournal_title
Journal of neurologyauthors
Walstra GJ,Teunisse S,van Gool WA,van Crevel Hdoi
10.1007/pl00007724subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-01-01 00:00:00pages
17-22issue
1eissn
0340-5354issn
1432-1459journal_volume
244pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication leads to acute and chronic neurological deficits, but little is known about the specific noxious mechanisms. (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may allow insight into the pathophysiology of CO poisoning by monitoring neurochemical disturbances, yet only limited information is ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-009-5057-y
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although awareness of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) has recently increased, little is known about their recognition and treatment in routine clinical practice. We therefore applied non-motor rating scales for dementia, depression, anxiety and excessive daytime sleepiness to a community-ascertained coh...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-011-5972-6
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To use arterial spin labelling to investigate differences in perfusion in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) compared to Alzheimer type MCI (MCI-AD) and healthy controls. METHODS:We obtained perfusion images on 32 MCI-LB, 30 MCI-AD and 28 healthy subjects of similar age. Perfusion relative t...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-020-10271-1
更新日期：2020-10-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Laser Doppler is widely used to evaluate sympathetic vasoconstrictor function. Continuous wave (cw)-Doppler of the radial artery may be an alternative but less expensive approach to quantify sympathetically induced resistance changes in the peripheral vascular system. In order to compare the power of both methods, thi...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-004-0471-7
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Near occlusion (NO) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) with full collapse (NOFC) is a rare condition, with a prevalence of around 1%. Guidelines on carotid stenosis recommend a conservative treatment in patients with a single-event ipsilateral to a NOFC, but the optimal treatment for patients with recurrent...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-018-8939-z
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Single, modifiable risk factors for stroke have extensively been studied. In contrast, differences of their combined effects among stroke and transitoy ischemic attack (TIA) have been rarely investigated. The aim of the present study was to assess single and joint effects of risk factors on the incidence of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-006-0358-x
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence of a significant improvement of IFNB-1b in clinical severity in the older population with RRMS has not been established so far. The aim of this exploratory post hoc analysis of the 250 mcg IFNB-1b group of the BEYOND study is to compare the efficacy and safety of older versus younger patients using a cut-off ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00415-013-6888-0
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 40 rabbits cerebral ischaemia was induced by autologous blood clot emboli injected into the middle cerebral artery. Autologous blood clot formed spontaneously (within 2 h) in a catheter fixed in the internal carotid artery. The effects of embolization were investigated on arterial blood pressure, respiration, local...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00314181
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tumefactive demyelinating lesions of the central nervous system can be the initial presentation in various pathological entities [multiple sclerosis (the most common), Balo's concentric sclerosis, Schilder's disease and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis] with overlapping clinical presentation. The aim of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00415-018-8984-7
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 56-year-old woman with coeliac disease developed myoclonus of cortical origin and palatal myoclonus with lesions of subcortical white matter on magnetic resonance imaging. Myoclonus can thus be a prominent feature of coeliac disease encephalopathy. A slight vitamin E deficiency was found but does not satisfactorily ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00314464
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aims to explore the clinical features, radiological findings, management and the factors influencing prognosis in PCR-confirmed herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSE). This is a retrospective review of consecutive patients diagnosed with HSE at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, between January 1995 and December ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-015-7960-8
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A myasthenia gravis (MG) patient who seems to have recovered can later have recurrence of myasthenic signs. Clearly clinical remission does not always correspond to the normalization of all the factors involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. In ten patients who had apparently recovered from MG, electromyographic ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00313771
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) are predominantly diagnosed on the basis of specific profiles of language impairments. Deficits in other cognitive domains and their evolution over time are less well documented. This study examined the cognitive profiles of the PPA variants over time and dete...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-020-10382-9
更新日期：2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of free and total valproic acid (VPA) in plasma and whole blood after oral administration during steady state was investigated in seven infants (mean age 10.7 months) receiving monotherapy. The VPA concentrations in whole blood closely followed those in plasma but at a reduced level. A positive co...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00315328
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two patients are reported with a chronic progressive illness characterized by dementia, ataxia and spasticity. There were no myoclonic jerks and both had normal electroencephalograms (EEG). Pathological findings in three brain biopsies were those of viral meningoencephalitis with perivenous demyelination. Serological ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00313048
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The long-duration response (LDR) to levodopa is an important component of the therapeutic response to the drug in Parkinson's disease (PD). Some characteristics are peculiar: it is independent from peripheral pharmacokinetics of levodopa, but it is dependent on the intervals between doses and on the size of each dose....
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00415-010-5731-0
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in the SPG3A gene cause a form of pure, early-onset autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia linked to chromosome 14q. The encoded protein, atlastin, is a putative member of the dynamin superfamily of large GTPases involved in cellular trafficking patterns. We report a new atlastin mutation causing s...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-005-0768-1
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A complex neurological syndrome, which rapidly appeared in a 54-year-old woman, created strong diagnostic difficulties. In fact, while the carotid-angiography was negative and CSF not significant, the scintigraphy suggested a multifocal metastatic or infarctual pathology. The CT scan easily allowed us to resolve the d...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00313384
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism underlying the motor fluctuations that develop after long-term L-dopa therapy is not fully known. It has been speculated that malabsorption of L-dopa from the small intestine occurs. It was reported that gastric retention in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with motor fluctuations is increased as compar...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-009-5220-5
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Crossed aphasia (CA), usually referred to as an acquired language disturbance, is caused by a lesion in the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to the dominant hand, and the exact mechanism is not clear. The development of handedness is influenced by education and training and the impact of habitualization, while...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-018-8901-0
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early identification of cardiogenic vertigo (CV) is necessary to prevent serious complications of cardiovascular diseases. However, the literature is limited to case reports without detailed clinical features or diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study was to define characteristics of CV and propose diagnostic crite...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-020-10252-4
更新日期：2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The occurrence of spontaneous internal carotid or vertebral artery dissection after childbirth remains rare. To our knowledge, seven cases of arterial dissection in the postpartum period have been described in the literature as single case reports. We report four additional cases of internal carotid and vertebral arte...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s004150050437
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is growing evidence that intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) are effective in some neuroimmunological disorders of childhood. This short review summarizes the evidence-based indications and recommendations of IVIG therapy in these disorders. Despite considerable efforts to define the role and mechanisms of IVIG, ...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00415-006-5014-y
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the clinical features of anterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (AC-BPPV) and a new therapeutic maneuver for its management. Our study was a retrospective review of cases from an ambulatory tertiary referral center. Thirteen patients afflicted with positional paroxysmal...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-009-5208-1
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8 (ALS8) is a familial form of motor neuron disease, with predominance of lower motor neuron degeneration, and is caused by mutation of the vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B (VAPB). We aimed to compare the cognitive profile of patients with ALS8 and he...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-019-09369-y
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Patients with blepharospasm in addition to involuntary contraction of the orbicularis oculi muscle also have non-motor symptoms (psychiatric, sleep, cognitive, and ocular). In this paper, we investigated the relationship of non-motor with motor symptoms and the total burden of non-motor symptoms in patient...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-019-09484-w
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies provide inconclusive results on the question whether loss of mental wellbeing is actually associated with decline in physical function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of mental wellbeing in ALS. METHODS:In total, n = 330 ALS patients were...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-020-10027-x
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) may cause damage to the vegetative nervous system. Our objective was to examine cerebral autoregulation assessed via blood pressure and cerebral blood flow velocity fluctuations during head-up tilt table testing. We also investigated the effects of high-dose intravenous cortico...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-013-6977-0
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The association between multiple sclerosis (MS) and depression has been well established but prevalence estimates have varied widely. The aims of this study were to assess the point prevalence of previously unrecognised symptoms of depression in a community-based population with MS and examine their...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00415-005-0963-0
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The treatment of MS has always been a focus of neurological research. To date, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved 15 medications for modifying the course of multiple sclerosis. In this study, we exami...
journal_title：Journal of neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00415-019-09395-w
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
