The pharmacology of mood-altering drugs of abuse.

Abstract:

:The majority of mood-altering drugs that have significant abuse potential possess several properties that contribute to drug dependence, including behavioral reinforcing and rewarding actions, tolerance to behavioral effects, and development of physical dependence. Although various drug classes may differ in the relative importance of these properties, it is generally recognized that they form the basis of abuse and misuse of many drugs. These phenomena are not the result of novel or unique drug actions but represent biochemical or neurochemical modulation of normal functional mechanisms in the central nervous system.

journal_name

Prim Care

journal_title

Primary care

authors

Carr LA

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1993-03-01 00:00:00

pages

19-31

issue

1

eissn

0095-4543

issn

1558-299X

journal_volume

20

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
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    abstract::Adolescents can be expected to inflict some pain on their environment periodically, and complete conformity of an adolescent is not necessarily a sign of mental health. With the exception of some particular behaviors such as a suicide attempt, auditory hallucinations, or a school phobia, one cannot make a prediction a...

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    authors: LeBow JA

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  • Integrating mental health and primary care.

    abstract::Mental health and primary care delivery systems have evolved to operate differently. For example, attention to multiple medical issues, health maintenance, and structured diagnostic procedures are standard elements of primary care rarely incorporated into mental health care. A multidisciplinary treatment approach, gro...

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    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2007.05.007

    authors: Thielke S,Vannoy S,Unützer J

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  • Understanding and preventing substance abuse by adolescents: a guide for primary care clinicians.

    abstract::Psychoactive drug use by teens is a common occurrence. This article examines the influences that promote and deter experimentation with and hazardous use of psychoactive substances. Clinical guidance is offered on how to assess and intervene with teens and their parents at various developmental phases and levels of in...

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    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70329-8

    authors: Liepman MR,Keller DM,Botelho RJ,Monroe AD,Sloane MA

    更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00

  • Faith dimensions in medical practice.

    abstract::In this article, two cases are presented that illustrate that the principles underlying medical practice and religious scruples are often the same. The author argues, therefore, that better understanding of religious traditions that inform patients' views might diminish seeming conflicts in the provision of medical ca...

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    doi:

    authors: Lebacqz K

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  • Pericarditis, myocarditis, and other cardiomyopathies.

    abstract::An overview of pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, and acute myocarditis is presented. Clinical presentation, causes, physical signs, laboratory testing, and various imaging procedures are discussed. Established pharmacologic and mechanical therapies are reviewed. Short-term and long-term prognoses, when relevant, are discu...

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    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2012.11.009

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  • Treatment of gallstones in the 1990s.

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  • Bacterial Skin Infections.

    abstract::Skin and soft tissue infections account for 0.5% of outpatient visits to primary care. Skin and soft tissue infections can usually be managed in an outpatient setting. However, there are certain circumstances as discussed in this article that require more urgent care or inpatient management. Primary care providers sho...

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    doi:

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  • Alternative prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, part 2.

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    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2012.03.007

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  • Ankle injuries in athletes.

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    journal_title:Primary care

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    更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00

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    journal_title:Primary care

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  • Cystitis and Pyelonephritis: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention.

    abstract::Urinary tract infections, including cystitis and pyelonephritis, are the most common bacterial infection primary care clinicians encounter in office practice. Dysuria and frequency in the absence of vaginal discharge and vaginal irritation are highly predictive of cystitis. Urine culture is recommended for the diagnos...

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  • Adolescent Vaccines: Current Recommendations and Techniques to Improve Vaccination Rates.

    abstract::With multiple vaccines for adolescents recommended, it is imperative providers remain up to date with the current recommendations. With misinformation of vaccine safety and effectiveness in the mainstream media and social media, adolescents are a vulnerable population that needs to be reviewed and educated. Adolescent...

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    abstract::Acute pyogenic infections of the skin, caused by hemolytic streptococci and S. aureus, account for the vast majority of bacterial infections of the skin seen in ambulatory practice. In preschool children the principal manifestation is pyoderma, which is usually caused by Group A Streptococcus. In this age group pyoder...

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    doi:

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  • Cutaneous groin lesions.

    abstract::The groin, the lowest portion of the abdominal wall near the junction with the thigh, is the site of a disproportionately large amount of dermatologic disease. Because of its close proximity to the genitalia it is the site of numerous sexually transmitted disorders. Maceration of the skin, which can occur quite readil...

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    authors: Robins DN

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  • Smoking cessation in practice.

    abstract::Smokers expect health care professionals to help them stop smoking. Brief physician advice effectively increases cessation rates and should be given in a supportive and positive atmosphere emphasizing short-term benefits of cessation. Accurate information on withdrawal, weight gain, and nicotine gum should be offered,...

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    authors: Joseph AM,Byrd JC

    更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00

  • The primary care physician's approach to congenital anomalies.

    abstract::Children with congenital anomalies often represent a special diagnostic and management challenge. To provide optimal care for these children, one must employ a systematic approach to identify the likely pathogenic mechanism leading to the birth defects present. Determining how distinct anomalies relate to one another ...

    journal_title:Primary care

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    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2004.04.015

    authors: Falk MJ,Robin NH

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  • Rational use of laboratory testing in the initial evaluation of soft tissue and joint complaints.

    abstract::The rational use of laboratory testing to investigate early, undifferentiated joint pain depends heavily on a detailed history and careful physical examination. Nevertheless, several diagnostic tests have some discriminatory function in the initial evaluation of soft tissues and joint complaints, given the correct cli...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.pop.2010.07.010

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  • Genitourinary malignancies.

    abstract::Malignancies of the male genitourinary system make up a significant proportion of current urologic practice. The primary physician plays an important role in the early detection and referral of patients with these problems. Early treatment offers the best chance of disease control. It is encouraging that some of the m...

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    doi:

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  • Aspiration of joints and soft tissue injections.

    abstract::Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders are commonly encountered in primary care practice. These disorders include varieties of bursitis, tendinitis, myositis, arthritis, and related conditions. A certain group of these disorders lend themselves to diagnosis by needle aspiration or to treatment by injections. ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Leversee JH

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  • Database management in family medicine.

    abstract::A computerized database will serve a practice well if physicians and staff make their expectations and needs explicit, establish clear database specifications, and use those specifications as the basis for selecting appropriate data management software and computer hardware. Any computerized database management system...

    journal_title:Primary care

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  • Alternative medicine in maternity care.

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  • How to examine a foot and what to do with a bunion.

    abstract::The foot is a remarkable structure that provides stable support for the body, lessens impact loading during gait, and allows for forward motion that is energy efficient. Because of the enormous loads concentrated at the joints in the foot and ankle with normal activities, frequent injuries occur and present to the pri...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70276-1

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  • Screening for colorectal cancer. Issues for primary care physicians.

    abstract::Fecal occult blood testing, proctosigmoidoscopy, and digital rectal examination have been recommended as screening tests for colorectal cancer in asymptomatic people. This article evaluates the advisability of recommendations by applying accepted principles of screening to the case of colorectal cancer. ...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Realini JP

    更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00

  • Otitis media.

    abstract::Dysfunction of the eustachian tube is the underlying problem in all types of otitis media. Systemic antibiotics and careful follow-up are the treatment of choice for acute suppurative otitis media, whereas topical antibiotics with saline irrigation are used in patients with a chronic condition. Myringotomy and tube in...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章

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    authors: Chui R

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  • Gastroenteritis and antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

    abstract::Acute gastroenteritis is a common cause of emergency and office visits. This article reviews causes, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. The incidence of antibiotic-associated colitis is increasing worldwide as a consequence of widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for various illnesses. The pat...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

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  • Office procedures. Electrosurgical loop excision of the cervix.

    abstract::This article discusses the technique of cervical electrosurgical loop excision, which allows for treatment of premalignant conditions of the cervix. The primary goal of cervical loop excision is to provide a method of managing preneoplastic cervical conditions in a safe, effective manner while minimizing the chance of...

    journal_title:Primary care

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

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