Abstract:
:The concentration of cholesterol carried in low density lipoproteins (LDL-C) is primarily determined by the rate at which LDL-C is produced (Jt) and the rate at which the liver takes up this particle through receptor-dependent transport (Jm). The accumulation of specific dietary fatty acids in the liver profoundly alters these kinetic parameters and will either increase hepatic receptor activity or further suppress Jm, depending upon the particular fatty acid that enriches the various lipid pools. This study tests the thesis that the cellular effects of each fatty acid are determined by the ability of that lipid to act as an effective substrate for cholesteryl ester formation by examining the metabolic effects of either cis-9-octadecenoic acid (18:1(9c)), the preferred substrate for esterification, or trans-9-octadecenoic acid (18:1(9t)), a poor substrate for this reaction. When fed to hamsters for 30 days, the steady-state concentration of cholesteryl esters was markedly increased by the 18:1(9c), as compared to the 18:1(9t), compound. In animals receiving the 18:1(9c) fatty acid, hepatic receptor activity was significantly increased, LDL-C production was suppressed, and the steady-state LDL-C concentration was reduced. In contrast, the 18:1(9t) fatty acid did not significantly alter Jm, Jt, or the plasma LDL-C level from those values found in the control animals fed an isocaloric amount of a biologically neutral fatty acid, octanoic acid. Despite these different effects on the parameters of LDL metabolism, neither the cis nor trans fatty acid altered net cholesterol delivery to the liver from de novo sterol synthesis in any tissue in the body or from uptake of dietary cholesterol across the intestine. Therefore, these studies provide strong support for the thesis that fatty acids exert regulatory effects on hepatic LDL receptor activity by altering the distribution of cholesterol in the hepatocyte between a putative regulatory pool and the inert pool of cholesteryl esters. The direction and magnitude of the effects of specific fatty acids on receptor-dependent LDL transport appear to relate directly to the capacity of specific fatty acids to either promote or inhibit cholesteryl ester formation.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Woollett LA,Daumerie CM,Dietschy JMsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-09-01 00:00:00pages
1661-73issue
9eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Lipids secreted form the bovine meibomian glands were assigned to following classes: cholesteryl esters (A) (fatty acyl chain lengths from 15 to 27 carbon atoms), 41%; wax esters, 29%; triacylglycerols, 10%; and cholesteryl ester (B) (fatty acyl chain lengths from 14 to 18 carbons), 15%. The remaining 5% consisted of ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ketone bodies (KBs), acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), were considered harmful metabolic by-products when discovered in the mid-19th century in the urine of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. It took physicians many years to realize that KBs are normal metabolites synthesized by the liver and exported into t...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1194/jlr.R046599
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is a known risk factor for atherogenesis. This study aimed to reveal structural features of oxLDL present in human circulation related to atherosclerosis. When LDL was fractionated on an anion-exchange column, in vivo-oxLDL, detected by the anti-oxidized PC (oxPC) mAb, was recovered in flow-throug...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.RA119000312
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of cholesteryl oleate and triolein in mixed monolayers at the air-water interface have been measured between 24 and 37 degrees C. Analysis of force-area curves obtained as a function of the mol fraction of cholesteryl oleate indicates that at relatively low surface pressures these compounds are miscible...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::CTP:phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase (Pcyt2) catalyzes the rate-controlling reaction of the CDP-ethanolamine (Kennedy) pathway. We have previously established that Pcyt2 is encoded by a single gene that can be alternatively spliced from an internal exon into two transcripts, designated Pcyt2alpha and Pcyt2beta...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M600536-JLR200
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ceramides (Cers) with ultralong (∼32-carbon) chains and ω-esterified linoleic acid, composing a subclass called omega-O-acylceramides (acylCers), are indispensable components of the skin barrier. Normal barriers typically contain acylCer concentrations of ∼10 mol%; diminished concentrations, along with altered or miss...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.RA119000420
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three 14C-labeled 22-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids, 7,10,13,16-[14C]docosatetraenoic acid (22:4(n-6)), 7,10,13,16,19-[14C]docosapentaenoic acid (22:5(n-3)), and 4,7,10,13,16,19-[14C]docosahexaenoic acid (22:6(n-3)), were compared with [3H]arachidonic acid (20:4(n-6] and [14C]linoleic acid (18:2(n-6)) to character...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) is a transcriptional regulator of the expression of mitochondrial thioesterase I (MTE-I) and uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3), which are induced in the heart at the mRNA level in response to diabetes. Little is known about the regulation of protein expression of...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M600364-JLR200
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed at measuring the influence of a low salt diet on the development of experimental atherosclerosis in moderately hyperlipidemic mice. Experiments were carried out on LDL receptor (LDLR) knockout (KO) mice, or apolipoprotein E (apoE) KO mice on a low sodium chloride diet (LSD) as compared with a normal s...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M200330-JLR200
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antitumor effect of daily individual administration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (2 g/kg body weight) in Balb/c mice bearing a transplantable thymoma was investigated. Mice received oleic acid (control group), EPA and DHA ethyl esters starting 10 days before tumor inoculation. Anal...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some commercial preparations of common natural conjugated bile salts contain impurities (e.g., amines, lipids, and calcium) that are likely to affect their physicochemical properties. A method was developed for purifying commercial preparations of sodium salts of glycine- and taurine-conjugated bile acids. The method ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) interacts with HDL particles and facilitates the transfer of phospholipids from triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins to HDL. Overexpressing human PLTP in mice increases the susceptibility to atherosclerosis. In human plasma, high-active and low-active forms of PLTP exist. To ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M800080-JLR200
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver and kidney microsomes have been found to catalyze a rapid decarboxylation of retinoic acid in vitro. The reaction requires NADPH and Fe(2+), and is further stimulated by the presence of pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate contained sufficient iron as an impurity to provide strong enhancement of the reaction in...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1968-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hepatic synthesis of sterol was measured in the male Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) in vivo following the administration of [3H]water by monitoring the incorporation of radioactivity into digitonin-precipitable sterol. A diurnal rhythm in cholesterol synthesis was exhibited under conditions of ad libitum...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocytes express on their surfaces more than one class of receptors capable of mediating the internalization of lipoproteins. However, relatively little is known about the binding characteristics of hepatic receptors for various lipoproteins, about the regulation of the receptors, and about the consequences for int...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant human pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (rHPLRP2) was produced in the protease A-deficient yeast Pichia pastoris. A major protein with a molecular mass of 50 kDa was purified from the culture medium using SP-Sepharose and Mono Q chromatography. The protein was found to be highly sensitive to the proteoly...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M600486-JLR200
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipids were extracted from alfalfa samples collected at intervals over the growing season and were fractionated to yield pure sulfolipid. In the sulfolipid and in a phospholipid fraction the major fatty acids were palmitic, linolenic, and linoleic, of which the palmitic acid increased in proportion during the season w...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1967-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of three highly conserved phosphorylation sites in the cytoplasmic domain of each of the monomeric subunits of the macrophage scavenger receptor suggests that protein phosphorylation may regulate this receptor pathway. To investigate this, mouse peritoneal macrophages were pretreated with either the...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent findings suggest that the effects of cholestyramine and psyllium in combination could be additive for cholesterol-lowering. We therefore examined the effect of both agents, alone and in combination, on lipoprotein cholesterol and neutral and acidic steroid excretion in the hamster. Animals (n = 8/group) were fe...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the possible role of altered hepatic processing of free fatty acids in dietary sucrose-induced accumulation of triglyceride in the liver and blood plasma, livers from rats fed commercial laboratory stock and high sucrose diets were perfused both with and without oleic acid substrate. Consumption of the sucro...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acyl-CoA thioesterase (Acot)2 localizes to the mitochondrial matrix and hydrolyses long-chain fatty acyl-CoA into free FA and CoASH. Acot2 is expressed in highly oxi-dative tissues and is poised to modulate mitochondrial FA oxidation (FAO), yet its biological role is unknown. Using a model of adenoviral Acot2 overexpr...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M046961
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::High plasma cholesterol levels are found in several metabolic disorders and their reductions are advocated to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. A way to lower plasma lipids is to curtail lipoprotein production; however, this is associated with steatosis. We previously showed that microRNA (miR)-30c lowers diet-induc...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M081299
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac triacylglycerol (TG) catabolism critically depends on the TG hydrolytic activity of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). Perilipin 5 (Plin5) is expressed in cardiac muscle (CM) and has been shown to interact with ATGL and its coactivator comparative gene identification-58 (CGI-58). Furthermore, ectopic Plin5 ex...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M034710
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthesis of apolipoprotein (apo)E in hepatocytes leads to both secretion and retention in cell surface pools. Inclusion of Brefeldin A to HepG2 cells prompted a rapid decrease of cell surface apoE to about 37% of control values after a 3-h incubation. The t(1/2) for this dynamic pool was estimated to be 15 min. In co...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extent to which cholesterol synthesis is modulated in macrophage foam cells by changes in cholesterol influx and efflux was determined using thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages from normal and cholesterol-fed White Carneau (WC) and Show Racer (SR) pigeons. In peritoneal macrophages from normocholesterol...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial sterol 27-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.13.15) is an important enzyme, not only in the formation of bile acids from cholesterol intermediates in the liver but also in the removal of cholesterol by side chain hydroxylation in extrahepatic tissues. The enzyme has been assayed by complicated methods using radiolabel...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.D200045-JLR200
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fusogenic properties of sulfatide-containing 1,2-dioleoyl-3-sn -phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) in the presence of CaCl2 were studied by mixing membrane lipids based on an assay of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Fusion of the vesicles was also confirmed by mixing a...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene polymorphisms have been found associated with fasting lipid levels, but their impact on coronary heart disease (CHD) is less clearly established. We investigated associations of LPL polymorphisms (HindIII, PvuII, Ser447-->Ter) and the newly described mutation Asn291-->Ser with the...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::When NH(4)OH-NH(4)Cl extracts of adipose acetone powder were applied to agarose gel chromatography columns, two peaks of lipoprotein lipase were eluted. The first activity peak (LPL(a)) was eluted with an elution volume of a protein of molecular weight approximately five times that of the second (LPL(b)). Addition of ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years the short-chain fatty acid, 4-phenylbutyrate (PB), has emerged as a promising drug for various clinical conditions. In fact, PB has been Food and Drug Administration-approved for urea cycle disorders since 1996. PB is more potent and less toxic than its metabolite, phenylacetate (PA), and is not just a...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M075317
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00