Abstract:
:The O antigen of the Shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important virulence determinant and immunogen. We have isolated S. flexneri mutants which produce a semi-rough LPS by using an O-antigen-specific phage, Sf6c. Western immunoblotting was used to show that the LPS produced by the semi-rough mutants contained only one O-antigen repeat unit. Thus, the mutants are deficient in production of the O-antigen polymerase and were termed rfc mutants. Complementation experiments were used to locate the rfc adjacent to the rfb genes on plasmid clones previously isolated and containing this region (D. F. Macpherson, R. Morona, D. W. Beger, K.-C. Cheah, and P. A. Manning, Mol. Microbiol 5:1491-1499, 1991). A combination of deletions and subcloning analysis located the rfc gene as spanning a 2-kb region. Insertion of a kanamycin resistance cartridge into a SalI site in this region inactivated the rfc gene. The DNA sequence of the rfc region was determined. An open reading frame spanning the SalI site was identified and encodes a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 43.7 kDa. The predicted protein is highly hydrophobic and showed little sequence homology with any other protein. Comparison of its hydropathy plot with that of other Rfc proteins from Salmonella enterica (typhimurium) and Salmonella enterica (muenchen) revealed that the profiles were similar and that the proteins have 12 or more potential membrane-spanning segments. A comparison of the S. flexneri rfc gene and protein product with other rfc and rfc-like proteins revealed that they have a similarly low percentage of G + C content and have similar codon usage, and all have a high percentage of rare codons. An attempt to identify the S. flexneri Rfc protein was unsuccessful, although proteins encoded upstream and downstream of the rfc gene could be identified. Examination of the distribution of rare or minor codons in the rfc gene revealed that it has several minor codons within the first 25 amino acids. This is in contrast to the upstream gene rfbG, which also has a high percentage of rare codons but whose gene product could be detected. The positioning of the rare codons in the rfc gene may restrict translation and suggests that minor isoaccepting tRNA species may be involved in translational regulation of rfc expression. The low percentage of G + C content of rfc genes may be a consequence of the selection pressure to maintain this form of control.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Morona R,Mavris M,Fallarino A,Manning PAdoi
10.1128/jb.176.3.733-747.1994subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-02-01 00:00:00pages
733-47issue
3eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
176pub_type
杂志文章abstract::It has been previously established that Thiobacillus neapolitanus fixes CO2 by using a form I ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO), that much of the enzyme is sequestered into carboxysomes, and that the genes for the enzyme, cbbL and cbbS, are part of a putative carboxysome operon. In the present stud...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.180.16.4133-4139.1998
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The trehalose content in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be significantly manipulated by including trehalose at an appropriate level in the growth medium. Its uptake is largely dependent on the expression of AGT1, which encodes an alpha-glucoside transporter. The trehalose found in a tps1 mutant of trehalose synthase may...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.12.3830-3832.1999
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have cloned the palA gene of Aspergillus nidulans, one of six genes participating in ambient pH signal transduction in a regulatory circuit mediating pH regulation of gene expression. The derived 798-residue PalA protein is 29.4% identical over its entire length to a hypothetical protein from the nematode Caenorhab...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.5.1832-1835.1997
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription of the gyrA and gyrB genes, which encode the subunits of DNA gyrase, increases in response to DNA relaxation. Previous studies have shown that a small segment of DNA extending from the -10 consensus hexamer to the start of transcription encodes the sequence determinants for this response. In this study, ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.176.19.5999-6006.1994
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::XerC and XerD are site-specific recombinases of the lambda integrase family which resolve multimeric replicons to monomers by acting at specific sites such as cer, ckr, nmr, parB, and psi, which are found in plasmids, or at the dif site found in the Escherichia coli chromosome. By using Southern hybridizations to clon...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.177.14.4183-4186.1995
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has five aerobic terminal oxidases: bo(3)-type quinol oxidase (Cyo), cyanide-insensitive oxidase (CIO), aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase (aa3), and two cbb(3)-type cytochrome c oxidases (cbb(3)-1and cbb(3)-2). These terminal oxidases are differentially regulate...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.02176-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The disaccharide trehalose is accumulated as a storage product by spores of Streptomyces griseus. Nongerminating spores used their trehalose reserves slowly when incubated in buffer for several months. In contrast, spores rapidly depleted their trehalose pools during the first hours of germination. Extracts of dormant...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.11.5002-5007.1987
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutagenesis of Nitrosomonas europaea was achieved by electroporation and recombination. To demonstrate this, an aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase (kan) gene was specifically inserted into each of the three gene copies of hao individually. Southern hybridizations and PCR analysis showed the incorporation of the kan ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.178.13.3710-3714.1996
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glucosamine-1-phosphate acetyltransferase activity but not the uridyltransferase activity of the bifunctional GlmU enzyme from Escherichia coli was lost when GlmU was stored in the absence of beta-mercaptoethanol or incubated with thiol-specific reagents. The enzyme was protected from inactivation in the presence ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.180.18.4799-4803.1998
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lasA gene (whose product is involved in the production of extracellular elastolytic activity) was isolated from a genomic bank containing DNA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa FRD1. Recombinant plasmid pELA1, containing the lasA gene, complemented the temperature-sensitive elastase mutation (lasA1) in P. aeruginosa PAO-...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.3.1349-1351.1987
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The elongation factor Tu, encoded by tuf genes, is a GTP binding protein that plays a central role in protein synthesis. One to three tuf genes per genome are present, depending on the bacterial species. Most low-G+C-content gram-positive bacteria carry only one tuf gene. We have designed degenerate PCR primers derive...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.182.24.6913-6920.2000
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme A, as a prosthetic group, is found exclusively in respiratory oxidases of mitochondria and aerobic bacteria. Bacillus subtilis CtaA and other heme A synthases catalyze the conversion of a methyl side group on heme O into a formyl group. The catalytic mechanism of heme A synthase is not understood, and little is k...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.187.24.8361-8369.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Satellite bacteriophage P4 requires the products of the late genes of a helper such as P2 in order to grow lytically. The Escherichia coli rpoA109 mutation, which alters the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase, prevents transcription of the late genes of bacteriophage P2. Suppressor mutations that define the P2 ogr gene o...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.7.3541-3548.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::IcsA is an outer membrane protein in the autotransporter family that is required for Shigella flexneri pathogenesis. Following its secretion through the Sec translocon, IcsA is incorporated into the outer membrane in a process that depends on YaeT, a component of an outer membrane beta-barrel insertion machinery. We i...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00989-08
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three wild strains of bovine septicemic Escherichia coli were selected on the basis of their production of a toxin lethal for mice and chickens and their characteristic surface antigen. The transfer of these virulence (Vir) properties from two of the three to recipient E. coli was detected after mating. One Vir plasmi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.141.2.758-769.1980
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genome sequences of several pseudomonads have revealed a gene cluster containing genes for a two-component heavy metal histidine sensor kinase and response regulator upstream of cinA and cinQ, which we show herein to encode a copper-containing azurin-like protein and a pre-Q(0) reductase, respectively. In the pres...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00377-07
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyanobacteria are monophyletic organisms that perform oxygenic photosynthesis. While they exhibit great diversity, they have a common set of genes. However, the essentiality of them for viability has hampered the elucidation of their functions. One example of these genes is cyabrB1 (also known as calA in Anabaena sp. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00244-19
更新日期:2019-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::When the Lac- strain of Escherichia coli, FC40, is incubated with lactose as its sole carbon and energy source, Lac+ revertants arise at a constant rate, a phenomenon known as adaptive mutation. Two alternative models for adaptive mutation have been proposed: (i) recombination-dependent mutation, which specifies that ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01706-06
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella pneumophila expresses two catalase-peroxidase enzymes that exhibit strong peroxidatic but weak catalatic activities, suggesting that other enzymes participate in decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Comparative genomics revealed that L. pneumophila and its close relative Coxiella burnetii each contain...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00635-06
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic nucleotide-independent protein kinase (EC 2.7.1.37) activity was found in the nuclear cap organelle, within which ribosomes of zoospores of Blastocladiella emersonii are sequestered. Two protein kinase activities were resolved from the high-salt wash fraction of zoospore ribosomes by selective adsorption to DEA...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.154.3.1467-1471.1983
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The plasmid nature of genes specifying degradation of nicotine and nicotinate in Pseudomas convexa strain 1 (Pc1) is indicated by mitomycin curing and conjugational transfer to other strains. The NIC plasmid appears to be compatible with other metabolic plasmids in Pseudomonas putida. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.135.1.289-290.1978
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cecropins are a family of small, basic antibacterial polypeptides which can be isolated from pupae of immunized Lepidoptera. They are active against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. We studied a mutant of Escherichia coli, strain SB1004, which is more sensitive to cecropin D than is the parental strain. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.154.1.170-176.1983
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Commonly used procedures effected the extraction of only 10% of the lipoteichoic acid of stationary-phase cells of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecium, unless the cells were first disrupted. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.149.1.399-402.1982
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus, the enzyme DNA gyrase has been implicated in the expression of genes for anaerobic metabolic processes such as nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis. To assess the involvement of supercoiling in anaerobic gene expression, we have developed an assay to detect in vi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.9.4836-4843.1989
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite extensive similarities between the genomes of the Streptomyces temperate phages phiC31 and phiBT1, the attP-int loci are poorly conserved. Here we demonstrate that phiBT1 integrates into a different attachment site than phiC31. phiBT1 attB lies within SCO4848 encoding a 79-amino-acid putative integral membrane...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.185.17.5320-5323.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The respiratory control of adhE, which encodes ethanol (alcohol) dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli, was examined at the transcriptional level by using various phi (adhE'-lacZ) adhE+ merodiploid strains. Expression of the adhE'-lacZ operon fusion was increased about eightfold by anaerobic growth. Under anaerobic growth...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.24.8009-8013.1991
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:During biosynthesis of [NiFe]-hydrogenase 2 (Hyd-2) of Escherichia coli, a 15-amino-acid C-terminal peptide is cleaved from the catalytic large subunit precursor, pro-HybC. This peptide is removed only after NiFe(CN)2CO cofactor insertion by the Hyp accessory protein machinery has been completed, suggesting ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00437-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzymes of tyrosine biosynthesis (prephenate dehydrogenase and arogenate dehydrogenase) were characterized in 90 species currently classified within the genera Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, and Alcaligenes. Variation in cofactor specificity and regulatory properties of the dehydrogenase proteins allowed the separation of ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.144.1.247-257.1980
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrastructural and biochemical studies of a recombinant Treponema pallidum surface antigen designated 4D have been conducted due to its likely biological significance. Electron microscopy demonstrated that the 190-kilodalton (kDa) 4D molecule is an ordered ring structure of 10-nm diameter. The 90-kDa proteinase K-tre...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.165.3.732-739.1986
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein phosphorylation was demonstrated in Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids in vivo and in cultures in vivo and in vitro. Comparison of in vivo-labeled phosphoproteins of bacteroids and of cultured cells showed differences in both the pattern and intensity of labeling. In cultured cells, comparison of the labeling...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.6.3420-3426.1989
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00