Monoclonal antibodies to human urokinase identify the single-chain pro-urokinase precursor.

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae translation initiation factor eIF-4A, an RNA helicase of the Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD) box protein family, was mutated in the putative ATP binding site and expressed in Escherichia coli. Mutant proteins with alanine at position 66 replaced by glycine [eIF-4A(A66G)] or valine [eIF-4A(A66V)] were p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blum S,Schmid SR,Pause A,Buser P,Linder P,Sonenberg N,Trachsel H

更新日期：1992-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The CuAAC reaction (click chemistry) has been used in conjunction with solid-phase synthesis to produce catalytically active hairpin ribozymes around 100 nucleotides in length. Cross-strand ligation through neighboring nucleobases was successful in covalently linking presynthesized RNA strands with high efficiency (tr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： El-Sagheer AH,Brown T

更新日期：2010-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The local field at large distances from a charged or dipolar impurity in a nonpolar polarizable fluid is related to the dielectric constant of the medium. The predicted local field agrees accurately with molecular dynamics results. In contrast, the usual continuum theory prediction is only accurate to first order in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pollock EL,Alder BJ,Pratt LR

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have found that three Escherichia coli heat shock proteins, DnaK (the hsp70 homolog), DnaJ, and GrpE, function in oriP1 DNA replication in vitro solely to activate DNA binding by the replication initiator protein RepA. Activation results from the conversion of P1 or P7 RepA dimers to monomers that bind with high af...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wickner S,Skowyra D,Hoskins J,McKenney K

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA end-joining protein Ku70 is one of several proteins that inhibit apoptosis by sequestering the proapoptotic factor Bax from the mitochondria. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Ku70-dependent inhibition of Bax is not fully understood. Here, we show that the absence of Ku70 results in the accumulation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Amsel AD,Rathaus M,Kronman N,Cohen HY

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AAV is unique among eukaryotic viruses in the ability of its DNA to integrate preferentially into a specific region of the human genome. Understanding AAV integration may aid in developing gene therapy systems with predictable integration sites. Using a gel mobility-shift assay, we have identified a DNA sequence withi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weitzman MD,Kyöstiö SR,Kotin RM,Owens RA

更新日期：1994-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations at position 187 in secreted gelsolin enable aberrant proteolysis at the 172-173 and 243-244 amide bonds, affording the 71-residue amyloidogenic peptide deposited in Familial Amyloidosis of Finnish Type (FAF). Thermodynamic comparisons of two different domain 2 constructs were carried out to study possible ef...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratnaswamy G,Huff ME,Su AI,Rion S,Kelly JW

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The osteopontin (Opn) glycoprotein has been implicated in diverse physiological processes, including vascularization, bone formation, and inflammatory responses. Studies of its role in immune responses has suggested that Opn can set the early stage of type-1 immune (cell-mediated) responses through differential regula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shinohara ML,Jansson M,Hwang ES,Werneck MB,Glimcher LH,Cantor H

更新日期：2005-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF), a mitogen, also stimulates neurite extension during development, but the underlying mechanism is elusive. This study reveals a functional role for kappa opioid receptor (KOR) in EGF-stimulated neurite extension, and the underlying mechanism. EGF and activated EGF receptor (EGFR) levels a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsai NP,Tsui YC,Pintar JE,Loh HH,Wei LN

更新日期：2010-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In the United States, blood donors are being screened for infection with human T cell lymphotropic viruses I and II (HTLV-I/II) by serologic means, which detect antibodies to the structural proteins of these viruses. Because patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) usually do not have such antibodies even though their cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zucker-Franklin D,Pancake BA,Marmor M,Legler PM

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Subunits A and B of chloroplast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase are synthesized as higher molecular weight precursors when polyadenylylated mRNA from angiosperm seedlings is translated in vitro by wheat germ ribosomes. The in vivo levels of mRNA coding for these precursors are strongly light dependent, and th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cerff R,Kloppstech K

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated increase in c-fos gene expression in the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line has been investigated. NGF treatment of PC12 cells results in an increased level of c-fos mRNA within 15 min. An approximately 100-fold increase in the level of c-fos mRNA occurs 30-45 min after exposure...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milbrandt J

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arabinose-binding protein, maltose-binding protein, and lambda receptor are synthesized in vitro on membrane-bound polysomes from Escherichia coli. All three proteins are exported from the cytoplasm of E. coli and all three are made in vitro in a form a few thousand daltons larger than the authentic protein. The large...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Randall LL,Hardy SJ,Josefsson LG

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent research links diet-induced obesity (DIO) with impaired immunity, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We find that the induction of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cytokines is suppressed in mice with DIO and in bone marrow macrophages (BMMPhi) from mice with DIO exposed to an oral pathogen, Por...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou Q,Leeman SE,Amar S

更新日期：2009-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The inhibitory protein that binds calmodulin and thus prevents activation of several Ca2+-dependent enzymes by calmodulin is shown to also bind four Ca2+ per mol of protein with high affinity (Kd less than or equal to 10(-6) M). On the basis of its Ca2+- binding properties and its localization to nervous tissue, the i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Klee CB,Crouch TH,Krinks MH

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A high proportion of human B cells carry B-cell receptors (BCRs) that are autoreactive. Inhibitory receptors such as CD22 can downmodulate autoreactive BCR responses. With its extracellular domain, CD22 binds to sialic acids in α2,6 linkages in cis, on the surface of the same B cell or in trans, on other cells. Sialic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Müller J,Obermeier I,Wöhner M,Brandl C,Mrotzek S,Angermüller S,Maity PC,Reth M,Nitschke L

更新日期：2013-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally accepted that adult human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are default committed toward osteogenesis. Even when induced to chondrogenesis, hMSCs typically form hypertrophic cartilage that undergoes endochondral ossification. Because embryonic mesenchyme is obviously competent to ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Occhetta P,Pigeot S,Rasponi M,Dasen B,Mehrkens A,Ullrich T,Kramer I,Guth-Gundel S,Barbero A,Martin I

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulation of antitumor immune mechanisms is the primary goal of cancer immunotherapy, and accumulating evidence suggests that effective alteration of the host-tumor relationship involves immunomodulating cytokines and also the presence of costimulatory molecules. To examine the antitumor effect of direct in vivo gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pützer BM,Hitt M,Muller WJ,Emtage P,Gauldie J,Graham FL

更新日期：1997-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Four 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-O-acetylphorbol-type tumor promoters--teleocidin, phorbol ester, aplysiatoxin, and ingenol ester--are superposed in an attempt to understand their common biological activity on the assumption that they may bind to the same receptor site. A method using three-dimensional computer graphics was...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Itai A,Kato Y,Tomioka N,Iitaka Y,Endo Y,Hasegawa M,Shudo K,Fujiki H,Sakai S

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutant, but not wild-type p53 binds with high affinity to a variety of MAR-DNA elements (MARs), suggesting that MAR-binding of mutant p53 relates to the dominant-oncogenic activities proposed for mutant p53. MARs recognized by mutant p53 share AT richness and contain variations of an AATATATTT "DNA-unwinding motif," w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Will K,Warnecke G,Wiesmüller L,Deppert W

更新日期：1998-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Here we describe a strategy designed to identify RNAs that are actively transported to synapses during learning. Our approach is based on the characterization of RNA transport complexes carried by molecular motor kinesin. Using this strategy in Aplysia, we have identified 5,657 unique sequences consisting of both codi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Puthanveettil SV,Antonov I,Kalachikov S,Rajasethupathy P,Choi YB,Kohn AB,Citarella M,Yu F,Karl KA,Kinet M,Morozova I,Russo JJ,Ju J,Moroz LL,Kandel ER

更新日期：2013-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons vary in their capacity to produce, store, and release neuropeptides packaged in dense-core vesicles (DCVs). Specifically, neurons used for cotransmission have terminals that contain few DCVs and many small synaptic vesicles, whereas neuroendocrine neuron terminals contain many DCVs. Although the mechanistic ba...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bulgari D,Zhou C,Hewes RS,Deitcher DL,Levitan ES

更新日期：2014-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:China has experienced rapid urbanization and dramatic economic growth since its reform process started in late 1978. In this article, we present evidence for a significant urbanization effect on climate based on analysis of impacts of land-use changes on surface temperature in southeast China, where rapid urbanization...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou L,Dickinson RE,Tian Y,Fang J,Li Q,Kaufmann RK,Tucker CJ,Myneni RB

更新日期：2004-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The polymerization of mixtures of Hb S with hemoglobins A, A2, and F has been investigated by analysis of the proportions of S and non-S hemoglobin both in the supernate and in the pellet after centrifugation. In all cases the non-S hemoglobin was incorporated into the polymer even in the absence of hybrids in the ord...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benesch RE,Edalji R,Benesch R,Kwong S

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tactoids are nuclei of an orientationally ordered nematic phase that emerge upon cooling the isotropic phase. In addition to providing a natural setting for exploring chromonics under confinement, we show that tactoids can also serve as optical probes to delineate the role of temperature and concentration in the aggre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nayani K,Fu J,Chang R,Park JO,Srinivasarao M

更新日期：2017-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice prefer to mate with individuals expressing different MHC genes from their own. Volatile components presenting MHC-dependent odor types are present in urine and can be detected by mice, as shown by extensive behavioral studies. Similar odor types are suspected to influence human behavior as well. Although a recent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Montag S,Frank M,Ulmer H,Wernet D,Göpel W,Rammensee HG

更新日期：2001-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The cingulate gyri in 37 subjects with and without early dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) were studied by using MRI at 1.0 mm3 isotropic resolution. Groups were segregated into young controls (n = 10), age-matched normal controls (n = 10), very mild DAT (n = 8), and mild DAT (n = 9). By using automated Bayesian se...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miller MI,Hosakere M,Barker AR,Priebe CE,Lee N,Ratnanather JT,Wang L,Gado M,Morris JC,Csernansky JG

更新日期：2003-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by progressive ectopic mineralization of the skin, eyes, and arteries, for which no effective treatment exists. PXE is caused by inactivating mutations in the gene encoding ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 6 (ABCC6), an ATP-dependen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jansen RS,Küçükosmanoglu A,de Haas M,Sapthu S,Otero JA,Hegman IE,Bergen AA,Gorgels TG,Borst P,van de Wetering K

更新日期：2013-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Seismic magnitudes determined from surface and body waves for the Soviet underground nuclear explosion of September 14, 1988, are used to calculate the yield of that event from previously derived calibration curves. The yield obtained by combining the two seismic estimates is 113 kilotons, which is very close to those...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sykes LR,Ekström G

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple drug resistance of tumor cells is a common problem in cancer therapy. We have demonstrated that membrane vesicles from highly multidrug-resistant human KB carcinoma cell lines exhibit increased specific and saturable binding of vinblastine. To identify the molecules that bind vinblastine, membrane vesicles fr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cornwell MM,Safa AR,Felsted RL,Gottesman MM,Pastan I

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00