Abstract：
:A neural network model of the mechanism of selective attention in visual pattern recognition is proposed and simulated on a digital computer. When a complex figure consisting of two patterns or more is presented to the model, it is segmented into individual patterns, and each pattern is recognized separately. Even if one of the patterns to which the model is paying selective attention is affected by noise or defects, the model can recall the complete pattern from which the noise has been eliminated and the defects corrected. It is not necessary for perfect recall that the stimulus pattern should be identical in shape to the training pattern. Even though the pattern is distorted in shape or changed in size, it can be correctly recognized and the missing portions restored. The model consists of a hierarchical neural network which has efferent as well as afferent connections between cells. The afferent and the efferent signals interact with each other in the network: the efferent signals, that is, the signals for selective attention, have a facilitating effect on the afferent ones, and, at the same time, the afferent signals gate efferent signal flow. When some feature in the stimulus is not extracted in the afferent paths, the threshold for detection of that feature is automatically lowered by decreasing the efficiency of inhibition, and the model tries to extract even vague traces of the undetected feature.
journal_name
Biol Cybernjournal_title
Biological cyberneticsauthors
Fukushima Kdoi
10.1007/BF00363973subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
5-15issue
1eissn
0340-1200issn
1432-0770journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The vestibuloocular reflex and other oculomotor functions are subserved by populations of neurons operating in parallel. This distributed aspect of the system's organization has been largely ignored in previous block diagram models. Neurons that transmit oculomotor signals, such as those in the vestibular nucleus (VN)...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00204592
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides an introductory overview of the state of research on Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling in cognitive development. First, a brief historical summary and a definition of hierarchies in Bayesian modeling are given. Subsequently, some model structures are described based on four examples in the literatur...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00422-016-0686-6
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal excitability under stimuli with a complex time course is investigated on the basis of the numerical solution of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Each stimulus is composed of 100-1000 unitary excitatory postsynaptic potentials (uEPSP) that start randomly within a definite time window. Probability of initiating a ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00209424
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptic plasticity is considered to be the biological substrate of learning and memory. In this document we review phenomenological models of short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity, in particular spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP). The aim of the document is to provide a framework for classifying and eval...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00422-008-0233-1
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fitzhugh's BVP model has been used by many people. Fitzhugh has pointed out that as the stimulus is increased the model has "inverted" behaviour. It is here shown that this is due to a lack of a mechanism of inactivation, and the model is adjusted by supplying such a mechanism, to give a new model, called BPH, which, ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00344278
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type II units in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) are characterized by vigorous but nonmonotonic responses to best frequency tones as a function of sound pressure level, and relatively weak responses to noise. A model of DCN neural circuitry was used to explore two hypothetical mechanisms by which neurons may be endo...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220050355
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two-dimensional scalar fields (e. g. pictures) are often described by way of a linear superposition of simple base functions. It is argued that such decompositions are often unnatural in the sense that the decomposition takes no regard of the structure of the field and it may happen that the parts are more complicated...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00337293
更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cortical circuits have been proposed to encode information by forming stable spatially structured attractors. Experimentally in the primary somatosensory cortex of the monkey, temporally invariant stimuli lead to spatially structured activity patterns. The purpose of this work is to study a recurrent cortical neural n...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220050599
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method based on neural networks to cluster proteins into families is described. The network is trained with the Kohonen unsupervised learning algorithm, using matrix pattern representations of the protein sequences as inputs. The components (x, y) of these 20 x 20 matrix patterns are the normalized frequencies o...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00204658
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive theory has decomposed human mental abilities into cognitive (sub) systems, and cognitive neuroscience succeeded in disclosing a host of relationships between cognitive systems and specific structures of the human brain. However, an explanation of why specific functions are located in specific brain loci had ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00422-014-0603-9
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One possible strategy for the solution of the correspondence problem of stereo matching is the coarse-to-fine mechanism: The matching process starts with a lowpass-filtered version of the stereogram where only a few, high-contrast image features can be extracted and the probability of false matches is therefore low. I...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00204198
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms that control the limbs position during rhythmic voluntary oscillations were investigated in ten subjects, who were asked to synchronise the lower peak of their hand or foot rhythmic oscillations to a metronome beat. The efficacy of the "position control" was estimated by measuring the degree of synchron...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-007-0159-z
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, we present a continuous attractor network model that we hypothesize will give some suggestion of the mechanisms underlying several neural processes such as velocity tuning to visual stimulus, sensory discrimination, sensorimotor transformations, motor control, motor imagery, and imitation. All of these ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-006-0131-3
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A model calculation is presented simulating the coordinated interaction between the walking legs of a multi-legged animal. The neural network consists of separate modules with oscillatory capabilities. It has the ability to adjust the necessary parameters for producing a coordinated interaction between the modules in ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00200811
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously proposed that electrocortical waves are linear waves, subject to regulation by mesotelencephalic dopaminergic neurones. As a further means to test this theory, selective unilateral lesions of varying extent were made in the nucleii of origin of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic tract. Changes in th...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00355749
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper deals with the problem of separating the spectra of signal and noise in ensembles where the signal can be considered as an invariant component and the noise as a stationary additive background. Several methods are discussed and compared on the basis of a statistical analysis of the first two moments of the ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00337392
更新日期：1979-03-19 00:00:00
abstract：:With regular trains of stimuli at a high frequency, the contribution of each stimulus to the force generated over time declines from the second to about the tenth stimulus, but then begins to increase again. This late increase is referred to as tetanic potentiation in analogy with the post-tetanic potentiation of the ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00340074
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In primates, it is well known that there is a consistent relationship between the duration, peak velocity and amplitude of saccadic eye movements, known as the 'main sequence'. The reason why such a stereotyped relationship evolved is unknown. We propose that a fundamental constraint on the deployment of foveal vision...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-006-0064-x
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on a complexity analysis of mutual information transmission of EEG developed by us [Xu J, Liu Z, Liu R, Yang Q (1997) Physica D 106: 363-374], dynamic processes of the complexity of mutual information transmission in human brains were studied. To diminish possible problems due to coarse graining preprocessing, s...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220000158
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Results from the companion paper were incorporated into a physiologically realistic computer model of the three principal cell types (PD/AB, LP, PY) of the pyloric network in the stomatogastric ganglion. Parameters for the model were mostly calculated (sometimes estimated) from experimental data rather than fitting...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00337411
更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons receive a continual stream of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. A conductance-based neuron model is used to investigate how the balanced component of this input modulates the amplitude of neuronal responses. The output spiking rate is well described by a formula involving three parameters: the mean mu...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-003-0408-8
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The size of a pair of cortical ocular dominance columns determines a basic anatomical module of V-1 which Hubel and Wiesel have termed the hypercolumn. Does this correspond to a basic functional, or psychophysically measurable, module as well? This is the basic question addressed in the present paper. Since the ocular...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004220050510
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper concerns the processing of the outputs of the two opponent-color mechanisms in the human visual system. We present experimental evidence that opponent-color signals interact after joint modulation even though they are essentially independent under neutral steady adaptation and after exclusive modulation of ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In motion-processing areas of the visual cortex in cats and monkeys, an anisotropic distribution of direction selectivities displays a preference for movements away from the fovea. This 'centrifugal bias' has been hypothetically linked to the processing of optic flow fields generated during forward locomotion. In this...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00201489
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fast as possible (time optimal) single joint movements throughout the body are characterized by the triphasic (3 pulse) pattern of activation in the agonist and antagonist muscles. Simulation studies using a sixth order, non-linear model were undertaken to determine the relationship between time optimal movement and t...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00338824
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Movement of multiple segment limbs requires generation of appropriate joint torques which include terms arising from dynamic interactions among the moving segments as well as from such external forces as gravity. The interaction torques, arising from inertial, centripetal, and Coriolis forces, are not present for sing...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00353957
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chemical control of respiration provides for the maintenance of energy and substance equilibrium primarily and for the homoeostatic stability of the chemical blood parameters secondarily. Based on results having been obtained from an appropriate state space model some findings on respiration can be reproduced. In ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00335348
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When human subjects are presented with a pair of visual targets that alternate periodically, they track the targets with rapid eye movements known as saccades. In previous work we demonstrated that at low pacing rates (<0.5 Hz), saccades have a latency of about 180 ms, and the latencies are uncorrelated from trial to ...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-005-0584-9
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Akinematical model for excitable wave propagation is analyzed to describe the dynamics of a typical neurological symptom of migraine. The kinematical model equation is solved analytically for a linear dependency between front curvature and velocity. The resulting wave starts from an initial excitation and moves in the...
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1007/s00422-003-0405-y
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The trace version of classical conditioning is used as a prototypical hippocampal-dependent task to study the recoding sequence prediction theory of hippocampal function. This theory conjectures that the hippocampus is a random recoder of sequences and that, once formed, the neuronal codes are suitable for prediction....
journal_title：Biological cybernetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00422-005-0568-9
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
