Abstract:
:Binding of tetanus toxin to rat brain membranes was of lower affinity and capacity when binding was determined in 150 mM NaCl, 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4) than in 25 mM Tris-acetate (pH 6.0). Binding under both conditions was reduced by treating the membranes with neuraminidase. Pronase treatment, however, reduced toxin binding only in the Tris-saline buffer (pH 7.4). In addition, the concentration of gangliosides required to inhibit toxin binding was 100-fold higher in Tris-saline compared to Tris-acetate buffer. The toxin receptors in the membranes were analyzed by ligand blotting techniques. Membrane components were dissolved in sodium dodecyl sulfate, separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and transferred to nitrocellulose sheets, which were overlaid with 125I-labeled toxin. Tetanus toxin bound only to material that migrated in the region of the dye front and was extracted with lipid solvents. Gangliosides isolated from the lipid extracts or other sources were separated by TLC on silica gel and the chromatograms were overlaid with labeled tetanus toxin. The toxin bound to areas where the major rat brain gangliosides migrated. When equimolar amounts of different purified gangliosides were applied to the chromatogram, binding of the toxin was in the order GD1b approximately equal to GT1b approximately equal to GQ1b greater than GD2 greater than GD3 much greater than GD1a approximately equal to GM1. Thus, the toxin appears to have the highest affinity for gangliosides with a disialyl group linked to the inner galactosyl residue. When binding of tetanus toxin to transfers and chromatograms was determined in the Tris-saline buffer (pH 7.4), the toxin bound to the same components but the extent of binding was markedly reduced compared with the low-salt and -pH conditions. Our results indicate that the interaction of tetanus toxin with rat brain membranes and gangliosides is greatly reduced under more physiological conditions of salt and pH and raise the possibility that other membrane components such as sialoglycoproteins may be receptors for the toxin under these conditions.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Critchley DR,Habig WH,Fishman PHdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb02852.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-07-01 00:00:00pages
213-22issue
1eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mitochondria and releasable endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium modulate neuronal calcium signaling, and both change in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The releasable calcium stores in the ER are exaggerated in fibroblasts from AD patients and in multiple models of AD. The activity of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase co...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.15160
更新日期:2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::The time course of Ca2+-dependent [3H]acetylcholine [( 3H]ACh) release and inactivation of 45Ca2+ entry were examined in rat brain synaptosomes depolarized by 45 mM [K+]0. Under conditions where the intrasynaptosomal stores of releasable [3H]ACh were neither exhausted nor replenished in the course of stimulation, the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb04820.x
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of an intrinsic programme controlling neuritogenesis and activated during early neuronal differentiation and regeneration stages is well established. However, the identity and role of each molecular player and event, as well as how such a programme is modified by environmental signals, remain a focus of ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.13133
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vertebrates and some invertebrates, odorant molecules bind to G protein-coupled receptors on olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) to initiate signal transduction. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity has been implicated physiologically in olfactory signal transduction, suggesting a potential role for a G protein-...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06597.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sympathetic denervation of the iris muscle produces increases in both the breakdown of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and in muscle contraction in response to norepinephrine (NE). To shed more light on the biochemical basis underlying this supersensitivity we investigated: the effects of NE on PIP2 break...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb12930.x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease is characterized neuropathologically by the presence of neuritic and amyloid plaques, vascular amyloid, and neurofibrillary tangles in specific brain areas. The main constituent of amyloid deposits is amyloid beta protein, a 40-42 amino acid proteolytic product of the amyloid beta-precursor protein...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66052011.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both phosphointermediate- and vacuolar-type (P- and V-type, respectively) ATPase activities found in cholinergic synaptic vesicles isolated from electric organ are immunoprecipitated by a monoclonal antibody to the SV2 epitope characteristic of synaptic vesicles. The two activities can be distinguished by assay in the...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb11331.x
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic trafficking and translation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transcripts play a key role in mediating synaptic plasticity. Recently, we demonstrated that siRNA-mediated knockdown of translin, an RNA-binding protein, impairs KCl-induced dendritic trafficking of BDNF mRNA in cultured hippocampal neu...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07166.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase and in the water, Na+, and K+ levels in the parietal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus were investigated in rats 1, 3, 6, and 24 h following systemic kainic acid injection. An increase in Na+,K+-ATPase activity was observed in all three regions 3 h after the treatment, with a s...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb03397.x
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid glutamate receptors have been shown to modulate the morphology of the lamelar processes of Bergmann glia cells in the molecular layer of the cerebellum. Here we suggest that reorganization of F-actin may underlay the changes in the morphology of the lamelar proc...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.14658
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nociception evoked prostaglandin (PG) release in the spinal cord considerably contributes to the induction of hyperalgesia and allodynia. To evaluate the relative contribution of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 in this process we assessed the effects of the selective COX-1 inhibitor SC560 and the selective COX-2 in...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00613.x
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of protein kinase C on protein stability and activity of rat AANAT were investigated in vitro and in vivo. When COS-7 cells transfected with AANAT cDNA were treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), both the activity and protein level of AANAT were increased. These effects of PMA were blocked by GF10...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02495.x
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that inflammatory changes contribute to brain ageing, and an increased concentration of proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), has been reported in the aged brain associated with a deficit in long-term potentiation (LTP) in rat hippocampus. The precise age at which changes are i...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04165.x
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The precursors for neurotrophins are proteolytically cleaved to form biologically active mature molecules which activate their receptors p75NTR and trks. A recent study showed that the precursor for nerve growth factor (NGF) can bind to p75NTR with a high affinity and induces apoptosis of neurons in vitro. Mutation in...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02775.x
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The myocyte enhancer factor 2A-D (MEF2) proteins are members of the MCM1-agamous-deficiens-serum response factor family of transcription factors. Various MEF2 isoform proteins are enriched in neurons and exhibit distinct patterns of expression in different regions of the brain. In neurons, MEF2 functions as a convergi...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07860.x
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteolytic fragmentation of [3H]diisopropylfluorophosphate-labelled catalytic subunits of different molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase demonstrates that all forms extracted from the electric organ from Torpedo marmorata are true acetylcholinesterases. This is supported by immunochemical results showing that the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb02887.x
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An important step in the cascade leading to neuronal cell death is degradation of laminin and other components of the brain extracellular matrix by microglia-derived proteases. Excitotoxic cell death of murine hippocampal neurones in vivo can be prevented by inhibitors of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or by inhib...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02441.x
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) in the brain striatum has recently been shown to bind at a putatively vesicular site labeled by [3H]tyramine ([3H]TY). Whereas in the rat and mouse striatum MPP+ antagonized TY binding competitively, in the cerebellum there was a mixed-type antagonism, which sugges...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03212.x
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::CNS myelin was isolated from the spinal cord of the African lungfish Protopterus dolloi. Its proteins consisted of (1) two basic proteins (16,000 and 18,500 apparent Mr) that reacted with anti-human CNS myelin basic protein antibodies and (2) a major protein (29,000 apparent Mr) that stained with concanavalin A-horser...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb01752.x
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), acting at IL-1R1 receptors, affects neuronal signaling under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. The molecular mechanism of the rapid synaptic actions of IL-1beta in neurons is not known. We show here that within minutes of IL-1beta exposure,...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03951.x
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolonged seizures activate members of the Bcl-2 homology domain 3-only sub-group of the Bcl-2 protein family, which are essential for initiation of apoptosis signaling. Bid is a potent pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homology domain 3-only protein, which upon proteolytic activation translocates to mitochondria to promote activat...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06909.x
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Capillaries in vertebrate brain have unique permeability properties that make up the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Although it is known that capillaries are innervated by nerve endings of intracerebral origin and that brain capillary function is likely acutely regulated by neuronal inputs, the possible mechanisms of neur...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05534.x
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most striking features of neurons in the mature peripheral nervous system is their ability to survive and to regenerate their axons following axonal injury. To perform a comprehensive survey of the molecular mechanisms that underlie peripheral nerve regeneration, we analyzed a cDNA library derived from the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01060.x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excitotoxicity mediated by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors has been proposed to play a major role in the selective death of motor neurons in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and motor neurons are more vulnerable to AMPA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity than are o...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03903.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on neuronal survival was studied in cultured cells isolated from newborn rat retina. In vivo, the content of DHA in the retina increased nearly fourfold from days 2 to 12 after birth, whereas in retinal cells in culture it remained constant. Unlike amacrine cells, the photorece...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66051851.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated rat neurointermediate lobes were incubated in vitro. The release of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine, DA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), and methoxyphenylethanol (MOPET) was determined by HPLC with electrochemical detection. Under resting conditions, the outflow of metabo...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb13035.x
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Properties so far studied of the 125-kDa 14C-arginylated protein from rat brain show remarkable similarities with those of the STOP (stable tubule only polypeptide) protein. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the 125-kDa 14C-arginylated protein moves to the same position as the STOP protein. ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63062295.x
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Ca2+- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase was purified from rat brain cytosol fraction to apparent homogeneity at approximately 800-fold and with a 5% yield. The purified enzyme had a molecular weight of 640,000 as determined by gel filtration analysis on Sephacryl S-300 and a sedimentation coefficient of 15.3 S...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb07994.x
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have indicated that the brains of DBA/2J (D2) mice have a more heavily myelinated CNS than those of C57BL/6J (B6) at postnatal days 17-21. However, the amount of myelin in the brains of F1 (B6 X D2) hybrids is even higher than in their parental strains. To investigate further factors involved in regul...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb09995.x
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::GABAA receptors are activated via low-affinity binding sites for the agonists GABA or muscimol. Evidence has been provided that the amino acid residue alpha 1F64 located at the beta2(+)/alpha1(-) subunit interface forms part of this binding site. In radioactive ligand binding studies the agonist [3H]muscimol has been ...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01982.x
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00