Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Home health care is a rapidly growing healthcare sector worldwide. Home health professionals face unique challenges related to preventing and controlling infections, which are likely to amplify during an infectious disease outbreak (e.g. SARS-CoV-2). Little is known about the current state of infection prevention and control-related policies and outbreak preparedness at U.S. home health agencies. OBJECTIVES:In this study, we conducted a national survey to assess infection prevention and control-related policies, infrastructure, and procedures prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS:Using a stratified random sample of 1506 U.S. home health agencies, we conducted a 61-item survey (paper and online) from November 9, 2018 to December 31, 2019. METHODS:Survey data were linked to publicly-available data on the quality of patient care, patient satisfaction, and other agency characteristics. Probability weights were developed to account for sample design and nonresponse; Pearson's χ2, Fisher's exact, t-tests or linear regression were used to compare the universe of agencies/respondents and urban/rural agencies. RESULTS:35.6% of agencies responded (n = 536). Most home health personnel in charge of infection prevention and control have other responsibilities; one-third have no formal infection prevention and control training. Rural agencies are more likely to not have anyone in charge of infection prevention and control compared to those in urban areas. About 22% of agencies implement recommended guidelines when administering antibiotics. Less than a third (26.4%) report that their staff vaccination rates were higher than 95% during the last flu season. Only 48.1% of agencies accept patients requiring ventilation, and of those, 40.9% located in rural areas do not have specific infection prevention and control policies for ventilated patients, compared to 20.8% in urban areas (p < 0.001). Only 39.7% of agencies provide N95 respirators to their clinical staff; rural agencies are significantly more likely to provide those supplies than urban agencies (50.7% vs. 37.7%, p = 0.004). Lastly, agencies report their greatest challenges with infection prevention and control are collecting/reporting infection data and adherence to/monitoring of nursing bag technique. CONCLUSIONS:Prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, we found that infection prevention and control was suboptimal among U.S. home health care agencies. Consequently, most agencies have limited capacity to respond to infectious disease outbreaks. Staff and personal protective equipment shortages remain major concerns, and agencies will need to quickly adjust their existing infection prevention and control policies and potentially create new ones. In the long-term, agencies also need to improve influenza vaccination coverage among their staff. Tweetable Abstract: Infection prevention and control infrastructure, policies and procedures and outbreak preparedness at U.S. home health agencies was found to be suboptimal in nationally-representative survey conducted just prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
journal_name
Int J Nurs Studjournal_title
International journal of nursing studiesauthors
Shang J,Chastain AM,Perera UGE,Dick AW,Fu CJ,Madigan EA,Pogorzelska-Maziarz M,Stone PWdoi
10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103841subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-19 00:00:00pages
103841eissn
0020-7489issn
1873-491Xpii
S0020-7489(20)30332-1pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The H1N1 Influenza A pandemic arrived in Australia in early May 2009. In Queensland, the highest number of H1N1 cases were admitted to the intensive care unit when compared with the other Australian states. While many recent studies examining the H1N1 pandemic have focussed on service delivery and disease ep...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.11.015
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging markedly influences drug use and drug effects. The purpose of this review is two-fold: (i) to examine how social, economic, and psychological factors, compliance, and prescribing patterns affect drug use in institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults in the United States, and (ii) to illustrate how ...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0020-7489(92)90057-n
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Korean adolescents' smoking is currently being considered as a crucial factor determining the health status of adolescents and an important public health and social issue. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of the study was to test the applicability of the Transtheoretical model to gain an understanding of smoking beha...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.06.008
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the use of the multi-rater Kappa measure of agreement (Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioural Sciences, McGraw Hill, New York, 1988) in team based, mixed method, qualitative nursing research. DESIGN:The article presents an illustrative description of the application of the qualitative codin...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2003.03.001
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High incidence rates of HIV/AIDS infections among youth draw attention to the need for emphasizing the reduction of risky sexual behavior, a major contributor to the spread of HIV/AIDS. Few researchers have examined the relationship between self-efficacy for HIV/AIDS preventions, depressive symptoms, and ado...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.11.007
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Home health care services are expanding at a rapid pace in order to meet the needs of the growing population of older adults and those with chronic illnesses. Because of current restrictions on home health care as an insured service in some countries, individuals may be required to pay for some or all of the...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.01.002
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this review was to examine the extent and nature of published literature on nurses' and nursing students' preparedness to care for older adults in lower and middle-income countries. METHOD:A scoping review with 27 articles, guided by the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) framework was conducted. The fol...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.01.018
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research today is increasingly a very important segment of nursing and is one of the avenues for nurses in expanding their role. Nurses are now wanting to research more diverse problems and to observe clients in more than the traditional hospital systems. Gaining access to clients is not always an easy experience. In ...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0020-7489(88)90036-3
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research has highlighted the benefits of physical activity for people with stable heart failure in improving morbidity and quality of life. However, adherence to exercise among this patient group is low. Barriers and enablers to sustained physical activity for individuals with heart failure have been little ...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.03.003
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nursing professionals and care assistants are often subject to a combination of negative physical and psychosocial work environment factors, but most disability pension studies on such occupations have focused on one or the other of these factors. As they often coexist, there are reasons to assume that simul...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
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更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antiretroviral treatment for HIV is gradually being made available across sub-Saharan Africa. With antiretroviral treatment, HIV can be approached as a chronic, manageable condition rather than a shorter-term issue of palliative care. This treatment involves repeated interaction between health staff and pati...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.07.019
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heart failure is a global health care problem that causes a significant economic burden. Despite medical advancements, it's prognosis remains poor as many patients with heart failure experience symptoms that negatively impact Quality of Life. Caregivers are often responsible for helping and supporting family...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103806
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Positivism is sometimes rejected for the wrong reasons. Influential textbooks on nursing research and in other disciplines tend to reinforce the misconceptions underlying these rejections. This is problematic, since it provides students of these disciplines with a poor basis for reflecting on epistemological...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.12.009
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The informal caregivers perceive lack of choice to take on the role of caregiving, receiving little or no preparation for the caregiving role at home. The typical informal caregiver is female, either a spouse or adult child of the care recipient, and seldom shares the responsibilities of caregiving with othe...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.08.021
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The presence and proliferation of vascular access nursing in hospital settings has been identified as a potential contributor to growing demand, and possible overuse, of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs). OBJECTIVE:We examined vascular access nurses' perceived role related to use of PICCs and ...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.03.001
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparatively little is known about how children perceive their internal bodies. In particular there is a lack of British studies, both of children's normal perceptions and in children experiencing chronic ill health. Such studies are important if information is to be given to children in the most effective way. The c...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/s0020-7489(96)00047-8
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hip surgery is associated with the risk of postoperative urinary retention. To avoid urinary retention hip surgery patients undergo urinary catheterisation. Urinary catheterisation, however, is associated with increased risk for urinary tract infection (UTI). At present, there is limited evidence for whether...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.05.007
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although aggression and violence have been increasingly viewed as a major public health problem with a biological and health basis, it has been under-researched in the nursing and health context. This paper reviews early biological risk factors for violence. These factors include pregnancy/birth complications, fetal e...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.06.007
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that in general patients are positive about cardiovascular prevention delivered by general practitioners. Further, it has been found that care by nurses for the chronically ill leads to even greater patient satisfaction. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this survey was to answer the following questio...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.02.013
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this transcultural qualitative study was to discover, describe and explain the meaning of a caring student-teacher encounter within the context of clinical education. Clinical teachers are registered nurses who have completed a university undergraduate nursing degree program and at least 1 year of post-...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0020-7489(02)00032-9
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predominantly caused by cigarette smoking and is considered a worldwide preventable chronic illness. Smoking cessation is considered the primary intervention for disease management and nurses should play a major role in assisting patients to stop smoking. Curre...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.01.002
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper explores the operationalization of an observation instrument to explore actual situated behaviour in the clinical setting. Challenges encountered during this process and strategies employed to address these difficulties are discussed. This work formed part of a comparative study of outcomes of pre-registrat...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0020-7489(95)00061-5
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.07.001
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the relationship between the quality of nursing care given to terminally-ill patients and their families, and selected characteristics of 210 nurses caring for terminally-ill patients. Mailed questionnaires received 90% response from nurses in a two-stage, stratified, proportionate, random sampling...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0020-7489(86)90036-2
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article is based on a literature review and presents an overview of the development of nursing from vocation to a science based profession. It first addresses the start of formal nursing education in The Netherlands and then focuses on the developing academic discipline, which originated in the U.S.A. While the m...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0020-7489(92)90001-w
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intensive care units (ICUs) focus on treatment for those who are critically ill and interventions to prolong life. Ethical issues arise when decisions have to be made regarding the withdrawal and withholding of life-sustaining treatment and the shift to comfort and palliative care. These issues are particula...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.12.003
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The underlying philosophical assumptions associated with the current vogue for humanistic and holistic approaches to nursing have not been subjected to systematic scrutiny, laying nursing open to the charge of being anti-scientific and even irrational. This paper outlines some of these assumptions and their origins, a...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0020-7489(90)90034-g
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an educational program with interactive videodisc systems (IVS) in improving affective dispositions toward critical thinking for RN-BSN students in Taiwan. A pre-/post-test quasi-experimental design was used. The IVS program was provided. A sample of 126 students...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.06.008
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The past decade has seen increased patient acuity and shortened lengths of stays in acute care hospitals resulting in an intensification of the work undertaken by nursing staff in hospitals. This has ultimately led to a reconsideration of how nursing staff manage their work. AIM:The aim of this study was to...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.03.004
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fatigue is the most common symptom experienced by cancer patients. However, longitudinal studies of changes in the severity and predictors of fatigue are limited. OBJECTIVES:The purposes of this study were to evaluate changes in fatigue severity in women with breast cancer prior to and for twelve months aft...
journal_title:International journal of nursing studies
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.09.003
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00