Abstract:
:Tobacco is the leading modifiable cause of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory diseases and is thus a serious global public health problem. In 2006, Uruguay implemented the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC) and achieved a decrease in the smoking rate and improvements in cardiovascular and respiratory health. We analyzed the clinical and economic impacts of tobacco control measures on the healthcare costs for acute myocardial infarction, which was reduced by 17%. The costs avoided for other diseases were not included. The study examined the trend in a healthcare institution and projected the result to the country's population. The cost analysis used the diagnosis-related groups (DRG) methodology, combined with the institution's accounting reports. Besides the hospitalization costs, the analysis included patient transportation, invasive cardiovascular procedures, and healthcare costs for the 12 months following the acute myocardial infarction. The cost per patient was USD 12,037. Considering a decrease of 500 acute myocardial infarctions per year, the estimated annual savings are USD 6 million in medical care costs for the averted acute myocardial infarctions, besides savings from averted work absenteeism, subsequent disability, and disability adjusted life years. This successful tobacco control policy has been the leading public health intervention in the last 30 years in Uruguay. The study aims to contribute to the guidelines determined by the World Health Organization (WHO). :El tabaco es la principal causa modificable de enfermedad cardiovascular, cáncer y enfermedades respiratorias, por lo que es un serio problema de salud pública universal. En 2006, Uruguay implementó el Convenio Marco para el Control del Tabaco de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (CMCT-OMS), y consiguió un descenso de la tasa de fumadores y mejoras en la salud cardiovascular y respiratoria. Se investigó el impacto clínico y económico de las medidas de control de tabaco sobre los costos asistenciales del infarto agudo de miocardio, que se redujo un 17%. No se incluyeron los costos evitados por otras patologías. Se investigó lo ocurrido en una institución sanitaria y se proyectó a toda la población del país. El análisis de costos se realizó usando la metodología del sistema de los Grupos Relacionados por el Diagnóstico (GRD), combinada con los informes contables de la institución. Además de los costos de internación, se incluyeron los relacionados con los traslados, los de los procedimientos cardiovasculares invasivos y los gastos sanitarios de los 12 meses posteriores al evento agudo. El costo por paciente fue de USD 12.037. Considerando un descenso de 500 infartos por año, el ahorro anual estimado es de USD 6.000.000 en costos asistenciales de los infartos evitados; a lo que debería agregarse otros ahorros de costos por pérdida laboral, discapacidad posterior y años de vida prematura perdidos por fallecimiento del paciente. La exitosa política de control del tabaco ha sido la principal medida de salud pública en los últimos 30 años en nuestro país. Esta investigación busca contribuir al camino trazado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). :O tabaco é a principal causa modificável de doença cardiovascular, câncer e doenças respiratórias, o que faz dele um sério problema de saúde pública universal. Em 2006, Uruguai implementou a Convenção-Quadro para o Controle do Tabaco da Organização Mundial da Saúde (CQCT-OMS), registrando desde então uma queda na taxa de fumantes, além de melhoras na saúde cardiovascular e respiratória. Foi avaliado o impacto económico e clínico das medidas de controle do tabaco sobre os custos da atenção ao infarto agudo do miocárdio, que diminuíram 17%. Não foram computados os custos evitados de outras patologias. A pesquisa investigou os registros em uma unidade de saúde e operou uma projeção para toda a população do país. A análise de custos foi desenvolvida usando a metodologia do sistema de Grupos Relacionados pelo Diagnóstico (GRD), combinada com os relatórios contábeis da instituição. Além dos custos de internação, foram incluídos aqueles relativos aos traslados, aos procedimentos cardiovasculares invasivos e às despesas em saúde dos 12 meses posteriores ao evento agudo. O custo por paciente foi de USD 12.037. Considerando uma diminuição de 500 infartos por ano, a economia anual estimada representa USD 6.000.000 na atenção aos infartos evitados; devem ser acrescentadas outras economias de custos de licença médica, invalidez posterior e anos de vida prematura perdidos por óbito do paciente. A bem-sucedida política de controle de tabaco foi a principal medida de saúde pública nos últimos 30 anos, no nosso país. Esta pesquisa pretende contribuir com o caminho trilhado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS).
journal_name
Cad Saude Publicajournal_title
Cadernos de saude publicaauthors
Paolillo-Cabrera E,Torres F,Machado F,Scasso A,Alvarado A,Genta D,Tort P,Tortorella S,Laluz S,Cabrera D,Sandoya Edoi
10.1590/0102-311X00149019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-11 00:00:00pages
e00149019issue
1eissn
0102-311Xissn
1678-4464pii
S0102-311X2021000105004journal_volume
37pub_type
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