Abstract:
:Time-out is a common negative punishment procedure in home and school settings. Although prior studies have shown time-out is effective, more research is needed on its effects when implementation is imperfect. We evaluated delays to time-out with 4 preschool children who engaged in some combination of aggression, property destruction, and rule breaking. Target behavior decreased for all subjects exposed to delayed time-out, with 3 of 4 subjects displaying low levels of target behavior even when time-out was delayed by 90-120 s. These data suggest delayed time-out might be effective in situations in which a caregiver or teacher cannot implement time-out immediately.
journal_name
J Appl Behav Analjournal_title
Journal of applied behavior analysisauthors
Slocum SK,Vollmer TR,Donaldson JMdoi
10.1002/jaba.640subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
994-1004issue
4eissn
0021-8855issn
1938-3703journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A major problem in outpatient treatment has been the extreme irregularity with which patients use medication prescribed for them. As a new approach to resolving this problem, a portable operant apparatus was developed based on response priming and escape reinforcement. The apparatus sounded a tone at the time that a p...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1969.2-39
更新日期:1969-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scheithauer et al. (2020) recently demonstrated that differences in the source of baseline data extracted from a functional analysis (FA) may not affect subsequent clinical decision-making in comparison to a standard baseline. These outcomes warrant additional quantitative examination, as correspondence of visual anal...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.710
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the effects of multiple treatment procedures, including simultaneous presentation of preferred foods, on the packing behavior of a 9-year-old girl with autism. A reversal design was used to assess the effects of differential reinforcement with response cost alone and with simultaneous presentation. In add...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2005.71-04
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Token economies are one of the most commonly used behavior-analytic interventions. Despite literature supporting the use of tokens as tools for behavior change, little is known about the efficacy of tokens compared to that of the items for which they are exchanged. Results of previous research comparing the reinforcin...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.675
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of choice and no choice of reinforcer on the response rates of 3 children with autism were compared across single-operant and concurrent-schedule procedures. No consistent differences in responding between choice and no-choice components emerged during single-operant phases. During the concurrent-schedule ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2000.33-347
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effectiveness of functional communication training (FCT) in reducing self-injurious behavior (SIB) and in shaping an alternative (communicative) response while SIB continued to be reinforced. Following a functional analysis of 3 individuals' SIB, we attempted to teach an alternative response consisting...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1997.30-93
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We discuss Belke and Spetch's (1994) work on choice between reliable and unreliable reinforcement. The studies by Belke and Spetch extend a line of basic research demonstrating that under certain experimental conditions in a concurrent chains procedure, pigeons prefer an alternative that produces unreliable reinforcem...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1995.28-389
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functional control of problem behavior is generally conceptualized as involving attention, escape, sensory reinforcement, and tangible factors. Our analytic tools have now reached a level of sophistication that makes possible consideration of several new, emerging themes in the area of functional analysis. First, ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1901/jaba.1994.27-393
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children with developmental disabilities may engage in less frequent and more repetitious language than peers with typical development. Scripts have been used to increase communication by teaching one or more specific statements and then fading the scripts. In the current study, preschoolers with developmental disabil...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.194
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patient disruption during dental visits can impede treatment and may result in invasive approaches to care. The current study evaluated the efficacy of graduated exposure with and without extinction to decrease disruption during dental treatment for 4 young men with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Modified functional ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.747
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stereotypical behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement often does not result in harm but may be undesirable in some situations. In the current investigation, participants were 2 individuals who engaged in nonharmful stereotypical responses shown in an analogue functional analysis to be insensitive to social cont...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2010.43-333
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the relation between prevocational preference, as measured by the client's selection of a task object, and the work that followed that choice. After selecting a task object, the clients worked a task previously assessed to be more or less preferred than the one indicated by the object. The resu...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1980.13-177
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Findings from basic and applied research suggest that treatment with operant extinction may produce adverse side effects; two of these commonly noted are an increase in the frequency of the target response (extinction burst) and an increase in aggression (extinction-induced aggression). Although extinction is often us...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1999.32-1
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impulsivity and self-control involve a choice between a smaller, more immediate reinforcer and a larger, more delayed reinforcer. Impulsive behavior occurs when responding produces the more immediate, relatively smaller reinforcers at the expense of delayed larger reinforcers. Self-control occurs when responding produ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1999.32-451
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a graduated prompting treatment procedure were analyzed in three phases of an experiment on the training and generalization of reaching-grasp responding in 2- to 4-year-old blind, severely or profoundly retarded children. In Phase 1, we used a multiple-baseline across-subjects design to investigate the ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1984.17-57
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::THIS ARTICLE REPORTS ON THE PRIMARY STEPS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PARENT ADVICE FOR POPULAR DISSEMINATION: (a) developing advice for one specific problem situation, family shopping trips; (b) testing the advice program for benefit to children and convenience to adults; and (c) packaging the advice so it can be used succ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-605
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated behavioral skills training (BST) and in situ training (IST) to teach a response to bullying (RtB) to four adults with intellectual disabilities who were victims of bullying. The RtB consisted of refraining from retaliating, stating disapproval, walking away, and telling a staff member. In situ ass...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.501
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An investigation was conducted to demonstrate the application of a computerized assessment procedure for determining the preferences of persons with severe handicaps. A computer program was designed to interpret subjects' microswitch activations to produce three distinct types of events (visual, auditory, and tactile)...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1986.19-445
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Senior drivers are vulnerable to automobile crashes and subsequent injury and death. Safety belts reduce health risks associated with auto crashes. Therefore, it is important to encourage senior drivers to wear safety belts while driving. Using an AB design, replicated five times, we evaluated the short- and long-term...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2000.33-635
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive practice overcorrection has been shown to be effective in reducing stereotypic self-stimulatory behaviors displayed by retarded and autistic individuals. In addition, the procedure also may increase the occurrence of appropriate behavior through intensive practice. In the present study, several stereotypic an...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-679
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three supervisors of integrated preschools were trained in a collaborative team approach to encourage resource and classroom teachers to develop strategies that promote peer interaction of all children, including children with disabilities. The focus of classroom teachers' behaviors and the interactive play of childre...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1992.25-385
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In three experiments, we compared the effects of instructional arrangements that varied in: teacher versus peer mediators, methods used, levels of student academic responding generated, and content taught and tested. Instructional arrangements (i.e., tasks, structure, teacher position, teacher behavior) and students' ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1984.17-521
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Researchers have identified an unbalanced diet as a key risk factor in the etiology of many chronic diseases (World Health Organization, ). Although researchers have found that numerous factors influence children's food choices, no assessment exists to identify these factors. In Experiment 1, we established preliminar...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.521
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are many opportunities in a family's daily routine to enrich the interactions among its members. One such opportunity arises at family restaurants. Surveys of restaurant personnel and customers suggested the possibility of enriching family interactions by redesigning indigenous materials such as table placemats....
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1984.17-497
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Language training procedures, which involved positive reinforcement for verbal imitation, were applied to increase the appropriate verbal behavior of an almost non-verbal, brain damaged, 5-yr-old boy. Two experiments assessed the effectiveness of timeout from positive reinforcement as a training procedure viewed as ha...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1969.2-199
更新日期:1969-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various statistics have been proposed as standard methods for calculating and reporting interobserver agreement scores. The advantages and disadvantages of each have been discussed in this journal recently but without resolution. A formula is presented that combines separate measures of occurrence and nonoccurrence pe...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1978.11-523
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two young boys with autism who used the picture exchange communication system were taught to solve problems (improvise) by using descriptors (functions, colors, and shapes) to request desired items for which specific pictures were unavailable. The results of a multiple baseline across descriptors showed that training ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2006.131-04
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::When responses function to produce the same reinforcer, a response class exists. Researchers have examined response classes in applied settings; however, the challenges associated with conducting applied research on response class development have recently necessitated the development of an analogue response class mod...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2010.43-653
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of behavioral procedures to modify the food choices of preschoolers during a snack period at school (training setting) and at home (generalization setting). In the first experiment, we evaluated the usefulness of nutrition training and a generalization programming strategy of cueing to improve ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1986.19-367
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral measures of food consumption and tasting were combined with nutrient analysis of foods served at a toddler day-care center to determine whether children at the stage of initial exposure to adult diets would accept textured vegetable protein (TVP) and nonfat dry milk as well as they ate other sources of prot...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-407
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00