Abstract：
:Testicular ultrasound is typically the first-line imaging examination in evaluating scrotal pathology. However, MR imaging can often provide valuable additional information, especially when ultrasound and/or clinical examinations are inconclusive. This is particularly evident when encountering testicular or paratesticular lesions, where accurate localization and characterization are paramount for management and prognosis. After reviewing normal scrotal anatomy as seen on MR imaging and offering a sample imaging protocol, the article describes specific indications for scrotal MR imaging and highlights imaging findings unique to various benign and malignant causes.
journal_name
Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Amjournal_title
Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North Americaauthors
Mathur M,Spektor Mdoi
10.1016/j.mric.2018.08.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-01 00:00:00pages
151-171issue
1eissn
1064-9689issn
1557-9786pii
S1064-9689(18)30061-8journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has traditionally only played a small role in the clinical care of most patients with arthritis. However, with modern therapeutic strategies, early diagnosis is now more important than ever before. Consequently, advanced MRI techniques and applications now play a crucial role in managin...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2018.06.008
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MR imaging-guided interventions are well established in routine patient care in many parts of the world. There are many approaches, depending on magnet design and clinical need, based on MR imaging providing excellent inherent tissue contrast without ionizing radiation risk for patients. MR imaging-guided minimally in...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2009.09.002
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aortic disease is routinely monitored with anatomic imaging, but until the recent advent of 3-directional phase contrast MRI (4D) flow, blood flow abnormalities have gone undetected. 4D flow measures aortic hemodynamic markers quickly. Qualitative flow visualization has spurred the investigation of new quantitative ma...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2014.08.006
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The superior tissue contrast and flexible imaging planes afforded by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus competing technologies permit optimal depiction of the pelvic viscera. Targeted protocols developed for specific pelvic visceral organs highlight important anatomic features that may not be imaged by other moda...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2011.05.001
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article discusses the effectiveness of MR imaging in evaluating the injuries of both upper and lower extremities in the professional football player. Topics include bone, joint and soft tissue disorders, and injuries resulting from overuse or trauma of the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist; the pelvis and hip, ...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MR imaging is frequently used to assess pediatric genital disorders. The ability to obtain 3-dimensional sequences allowing for multiplanar reformations and sequences designed to minimize motion artifact have aided in the imaging evaluation in the pediatric population. For certain genital disorders, such as Müllerian ...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2019.01.008
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The newer magnetic resonance (MR) imaging methods can give insights into the initiation, progression, and eventual treatment of osteoarthritis. Sodium imaging is specific for changes in proteoglycan (PG) content without the need for an exogenous contrast agent. T1ρ imaging is sensitive to early PG depletion. Delayed g...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2011.02.010
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conducting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) safety screening is not a new idea and has developed as a proved method in efforts to ensure patient safety and prevent accidents in the magnetic resonance (MR) environment. A growing number of surgical procedures with implanted medical devices have complicated MR screening ...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2020.07.005
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional MR imaging provides low specificity in the differential diagnosis of musculoskeletal (MSK) tumors and is unable to offer information about the extent of tumoral necrosis and the presence of viable cells, information crucial to assess treatment response and prognosis. Therefore, diffusion-weighted imaging ...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2010.10.007
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MRM is a useful imaging technique that can be incorporated into routine spine MR imaging protocols without a significant increase in imaging time or patient discomfort. When combined with high quality, sequential (no inter-slice gap), axial images of the spine, the authors have found that it decreases the surgeon's ne...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1064-9689(03)00063-1
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many tumor and tumor-like lesions of the bone and soft tissues may involve the upper extremity. Certain lesions, however, are unique to this location. As is usually the case, MR is most sensitive to detection and most accurate in depicting the extent of involvement of these lesions. MR signal characteristics may aid i...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2004.02.003
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article addresses the role of MR imaging in the evaluation of meniscal injuries, with emphasis placed on the common meniscal injuries, including horizontal, longitudinal, radial, and flap tears. An understanding of typical meniscal postoperative findings, together with those factors responsible for the misinterpr...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2009.06.001
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MR imaging is a noninvasive, radiation-free imaging method for evaluation of the biliary system. Continued advancements in MR imaging system hardware and sequence design, coupled with novel gadolinium chelate agents, allow for a detailed evaluation of the bile ducts and surrounding soft tissues. New hepatocyte-specifi...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2014.05.002
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Continuous technologic developments and research have increased the clinical applications of MT, HASTE, and FLAIR imaging in neuroradiology. HASTE has become the MR imaging sequence of choice for fetal neuroimaging. Other promising uses, such as for diffusion-weighted imaging, have not been fully exploited. FLAIR has ...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1064-9689(03)00058-8
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Imaging variants of the elbow and pitfalls can be disconcerting and can lead to diagnostic mistakes. Inhomogeneities in the magnetic field and coil position can result in signal changes that may simulate abnormality. Bone signal and morphology variants, such as the islands of red marrow and the pseudodefect of the cap...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2010.07.005
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Müllerian duct anomalies, also called congenital uterine anomalies, are developmental structural disorders of the female genital tract. These anomalies are clinically relevant in patients with a history of infertility and pregnancy-related complications. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification sy...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2017.03.008
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome can be difficult to make. Clinical findings may be varied and symptoms are commonly vague and diffuse. MR imaging, with its excellent soft tissue contrast and ability to demonstrate musculotendinous and neurovascular structures, clearly demonstrates the anatomy of the tarsal tun...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatic perfusion imaging with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is an emerging technique for quantitative assessment of diffuse hepatic disease and hepatic lesion blood flow. The principal method that has been used is based on T1 dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Perfusion imaging shows promise in the assessment of...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2010.07.009
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cartilaginous structures in the growing ends of the bone have a complex anatomy. MR imaging allows exquisite depiction of these structures. The normal anatomy and biochemical features of the zones of cartilage are reviewed. Based on an analysis of signal characteristics, it is possible to optimize the use of pulse...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Internal causes of impingement are secondary to rotator cuff and capsular dysfunction and are categorized by the location of the impingement and the underlying pathophysiological or mechanical cause of the impingement. These include posterosuperior impingement, anterosuperior impingement, anterior impingement, and ent...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2012.01.008
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Technical advances in MR imaging of sports-related bone and joint derangement have improved our ability to evaluate these problems. This article discusses current utilization of MR imaging, advances in local coils, pulse sequences and parameters, and reviews current aspects and indications for MR arthrography. ...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:PET/MR imaging benefits neurologic clinical care and research by providing spatially and temporally matched anatomic MR imaging, advanced MR physiologic imaging, and metabolic PET imaging. MR imaging sequences and PET tracers can be modified to target physiology specific to a neurologic disease process, with applicati...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2016.12.003
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the utility of MR imaging in the evaluation of liver transplantation. Issues related to the prospective transplant donor and recipient, such as inclusion and exclusion criteria, indications and contraindications, and imaging of donor anatomy and recipient pathology, are discussed. Post-transplanta...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MR imaging is a useful modality for evaluating diseases of the bladder. MR imaging can detect and stage bladder cancer by determining the presence and depth of muscle invasion. Direct multiplanar imaging and superb soft-tissue contrast make MR imaging an ideal modality for evaluating less common neoplastic diseases of...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2004.03.010
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MR imaging can be extremely helpful in evaluating congenital and acquired deformities of the foot and ankle. Knowledge of the normal developmental anatomy of the foot and ankle is important to accurately identify abnormalities versus normal variants. The foot and ankle may be abnormal because of trauma, infection, tum...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The adequate management of individuals who carry a high lifetime risk for breast cancer is still an unsettled issue. This holds especially true for subjects with documented or suspected germline mutation of a breast cancer susceptibility gene. These women face a lifetime risk for breast cancer of up to 80%, which is, ...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2006.07.003
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MR imaging is ideally suited for characterization of the soft tissue, cartilaginous, and osseous structures of the pediatric ankle. An understanding of the normal MR imaging appearance associated with the dynamic skeletal maturation process will prevent overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment. In this article, we revi...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2016.08.010
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroimaging plays a critical role in the management of patients with acute stroke syndrome, with diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic implications. A multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocol in the emergency setting can address both primary goals of neuroimaging (ie, detection of infarction and exc...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2015.11.002
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MR imaging of the hip is frequently used in symptomatic patients before hip preservation surgery; it is used as a decision-making tool and as a planning tool. The MRI can confirm the preliminary working diagnosis, identify other possible sources of pain, and highlight anatomic areas that are not routinely viewed durin...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2012.08.008
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perineural tumor spread (PNS) is a mode of neoplastic spread whereby tumor cells use neural conduits to escape the borders of a primary tumor. MRI is generally favored over CT for evaluating PNS, and findings include obliteration of fat within skull base foramina, enlargement and enhancement of the involved nerves, an...
journal_title：Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.mric.2012.05.006
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
