The crowns have eyes: multiple opsins found in the eyes of the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Opsins are G protein-coupled receptors used for both visual and non-visual photoreception, and these proteins evolutionarily date back to the base of the bilaterians. In the current sequencing age, phylogenomic analysis has proven to be a powerful tool, facilitating the increase in knowledge about diversity within the opsin subclasses and, so far, at least nine types of opsins have been identified. Within echinoderms, opsins have been studied in Echinoidea and Ophiuroidea, which do not possess proper image forming eyes, but rather widely dispersed dermal photoreceptors. However, most species of Asteroidea, the starfish, possess true eyes and studying them will shed light on the diversity of opsin usage within echinoderms and help resolve the evolutionary history of opsins. RESULTS:Using high-throughput RNA sequencing, we have sequenced and analyzed the transcriptomes of different Acanthaster planci tissue samples: eyes, radial nerve, tube feet and a mixture of tissues from other organs. At least ten opsins were identified, and eight of them were found significantly differentially expressed in both eyes and radial nerve, with R-opsin being the most highly expressed in the eye. CONCLUSION:This study provides new important insight into the involvement of opsins in visual and nonvisual photoreception. Of relevance, we found the first indication of an r-opsin photopigment expressed in a well-developed visual eye in a deuterostome animal. Additionally, we provided tissue specific A. planci transcriptomes that will aid in future Evo Devo studies.

journal_name

BMC Evol Biol

journal_title

BMC evolutionary biology

authors

Lowe EK,Garm AL,Ullrich-Lüter E,Cuomo C,Arnone MI

doi

10.1186/s12862-018-1276-0

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-11-12 00:00:00

pages

168

issue

1

issn

1471-2148

pii

10.1186/s12862-018-1276-0

journal_volume

18

pub_type

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