A Local Allosteric Network in Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) Links Inhibitor Binding to Enzyme Activity and Distal Protein-Protein Interactions.

Abstract:

:Allosteric inhibitors can be more difficult to optimize without an understanding of how their binding influences the conformational motions of the target. Here, we used an integrated computational and experimental approach to probe the molecular mechanism of an allosteric inhibitor of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). The anticancer compound, MKT-077, is known to bind a conserved site in members of the Hsp70 family, which favors the ADP-bound state and interferes with a protein-protein interaction (PPI) at long range. However, the binding site does not overlap with either the nucleotide-binding cleft or the PPI contact surface, so its mechanism is unclear. To this end, we modeled Hsp70's internal dynamics and studied how MKT-077 alters local sampling of its allosteric states. The results pointed to a set of concerted motions between five loops in Hsp70's nucleotide-binding domain (NBD), surrounding the MKT-077 binding site. To test this prediction, we mutated key residues and monitored chaperone activities in vitro. Together, the results indicate that MKT-077 interacts with loop222 to favor a pseudo-ADP bound conformer of Hsp70's NBD, even when ATP is present. We used this knowledge to synthesize an analog of MKT-077 that would better prevent motions of loop222 and confirmed that it had improved antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cells. These results provide an example of how to unlock and leverage the complex mechanisms of allosteric inhibitors.

journal_name

ACS Chem Biol

journal_title

ACS chemical biology

authors

Rinaldi S,Assimon VA,Young ZT,Morra G,Shao H,Taylor IR,Gestwicki JE,Colombo G

doi

10.1021/acschembio.8b00712

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-11-16 00:00:00

pages

3142-3152

issue

11

eissn

1554-8929

issn

1554-8937

journal_volume

13

pub_type

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