Abstract:
:Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes evolved from bacterial ribosomes by reduction of ribosomal RNAs, increase of ribosomal protein content, and loss of guanine nucleotides. Guanine is the base most sensitive to oxidative damage. By systematically comparing high-quality, small ribosomal subunit RNA sequence alignments and solved 3D ribosome structures from mammalian mitochondria and bacteria, we deduce rules for folding a complex RNA with the remaining guanines shielded from solvent. Almost all conserved guanines in both bacterial and mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal RNA form guanine-specific, local or long-range, RNA-RNA or RNA-protein interactions. Many solvent-exposed guanines conserved in bacteria are replaced in mammalian mitochondria by bases less sensitive to oxidation. New guanines, conserved only in the mitochondrial alignment, are strategically positioned at solvent inaccessible sites to stabilize the ribosomal RNA structure. New mitochondrial proteins substitute for truncated RNA helices, maintain mutual spatial orientations of helices, compensate for lost RNA-RNA interactions, reduce solvent accessibility of bases, and replace guanines conserved in bacteria by forming specific amino acid-RNA interactions.
journal_name
Nucleic Acids Resjournal_title
Nucleic acids researchauthors
Hosseini M,Roy P,Sissler M,Zirbel CL,Westhof E,Leontis Ndoi
10.1093/nar/gky762subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-16 00:00:00pages
10946-10968issue
20eissn
0305-1048issn
1362-4962pii
5095459journal_volume
46pub_type
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