Reconstruction of the cell entry pathway of an extinct virus.

abstract：:In human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), tropism to epithelial and endothelial cells is dependent upon a pentameric complex (PC). Given the structure of the placenta, the PC is potentially an important neutralizing antibody target antigen against congenital infection. The guinea pig is the only small animal model for congenit...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Coleman S,Choi KY,Root M,McGregor A

更新日期：2016-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Nasal colonization is a major risk factor for S. aureus infections. The mechanisms responsible for colonization are still not well understood and involve several factors on the host and the bacterial side. One key factor is the cell wall teichoic acid (WTA) of S. aureus, which governs direct interactions with nasal ep...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Baur S,Rautenberg M,Faulstich M,Grau T,Severin Y,Unger C,Hoffmann WH,Rudel T,Autenrieth IB,Weidenmaier C

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exosomes can transfer genetic materials between cells. Their roles in viral infections are beginning to be appreciated. Researches have shown that exosomes released from virus-infected cells contain a variety of viral and host cellular factors that are able to modulate recipient's cellular response and result in produ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Fu Y,Zhang L,Zhang F,Tang T,Zhou Q,Feng C,Jin Y,Wu Z

更新日期：2017-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogens often follow more than one transmission route during outbreaks-from needle sharing plus sexual transmission of HIV to small droplet aerosol plus fomite transmission of influenza. Thus, controlling an infectious disease outbreak often requires characterizing the risk associated with multiple mechanisms of tra...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Allard A,Althouse BM,Hébert-Dufresne L,Scarpino SV

更新日期：2017-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:To better understand the initiation of CD8(+) T cell responses during infection, the primary response to the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii was characterized using 2-photon microscopy combined with an experimental system that allowed visualization of dendritic cells (DCs) and parasite specific CD8(+) T cells...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： John B,Harris TH,Tait ED,Wilson EH,Gregg B,Ng LG,Mrass P,Roos DS,Dzierszinski F,Weninger W,Hunter CA

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen causing a wide spectrum of nosocomial and community-associated infections with high morbidity and mortality. S. aureus generates a large number of virulence factors whose timing and expression levels are precisely tuned by regulatory proteins and RNAs. The aptitude of ba...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Felden B,Vandenesch F,Bouloc P,Romby P

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Root-knot nematodes secrete effectors that manipulate their host plant cells so that the nematode can successfully establish feeding sites and complete its lifecycle. The root-knot nematode feeding structures, their "giant cells," undergo extensive cytoskeletal remodeling. Previous cytological studies have shown the c...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Leelarasamee N,Zhang L,Gleason C

更新日期：2018-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To ensure their survival, microbial pathogens have evolved diverse strategies to subvert host immune defenses. The human retrovirus HIV-1 has been proposed to hijack the natural endocytic function of dendritic cells (DCs) to infect interacting CD4 T cells in a process termed trans-infection. Although DCs can be direct...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Cavrois M,Neidleman J,Greene WC

更新日期：2008-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional regulatory networks are fundamental to how microbes alter gene expression in response to environmental stimuli, thereby playing a critical role in bacterial pathogenesis. However, understanding how bacterial transcriptional regulatory networks function during host-pathogen interaction is limited. Recen...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Shelburne SA,Olsen RJ,Suber B,Sahasrabhojane P,Sumby P,Brennan RG,Musser JM

更新日期：2010-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:More than half of the world population is at risk of dengue virus (DENV) infection because of the global distribution of its mosquito vectors. DENV is an envelope virus that relies on host lipid membranes for its life-cycle. Here, we characterized how DENV hijacks the mosquito lipidome to identify targets for novel tr...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Vial T,Tan WL,Wong Wei Xiang B,Missé D,Deharo E,Marti G,Pompon J

更新日期：2019-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The novel human coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic. Critical to the rapid evaluation of vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 is the development of tractable animal models to understand the adaptive immune response to the virus. To this end, the use of ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Hassert M,Geerling E,Stone ET,Steffen TL,Feldman MS,Dickson AL,Class J,Richner JM,Brien JD,Pinto AK

更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Most fungal pathogens of humans display robust protective oxidative stress responses that contribute to their pathogenicity. The induction of enzymes that detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an essential component of these responses. We showed previously that ectopic expression of the heme-containing catalase en...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Pradhan A,Herrero-de-Dios C,Belmonte R,Budge S,Lopez Garcia A,Kolmogorova A,Lee KK,Martin BD,Ribeiro A,Bebes A,Yuecel R,Gow NAR,Munro CA,MacCallum DM,Quinn J,Brown AJP

更新日期：2017-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains in Toll-like receptors are essential for initiating and propagating the eukaryotic innate immune signaling cascade. Here, we investigate TirS, a Staphylococcus aureus TIR mimic that is part of a novel bacterial invasion mechanism. Its ectopic expression in eukaryotic cells inh...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Patot S,Imbert PR,Baude J,Martins Simões P,Campergue JB,Louche A,Nijland R,Bès M,Tristan A,Laurent F,Fischer A,Schrenzel J,Vandenesch F,Salcedo SP,François P,Lina G

更新日期：2017-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Insect immune systems can recognize specific pathogens and prime offspring immunity. High specificity of immune priming can be achieved when insect females transfer immune elicitors into developing oocytes. The molecular mechanism behind this transfer has been a mystery. Here, we establish that the egg-yolk protein vi...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Salmela H,Amdam GV,Freitak D

更新日期：2015-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria parasites must undergo a round of sexual reproduction in the blood meal of a mosquito vector to be transmitted between hosts. Developing a transmission-blocking intervention to prevent parasites from mating is a major goal of biomedicine, but its effectiveness could be compromised if parasites can compensate b...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Ramiro RS,Alpedrinha J,Carter L,Gardner A,Reece SE

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RIG-I-Like Receptors (RLRs) sense cytosolic viral RNA to transiently activate type I IFN production. Here, we report that a type I IFN inducible DExD/H helicase, DDX24, exerts a negative-regulatory effect on RLR function. Expression of DDX24 specifically suppressed RLR activity, while DDX24 loss, which caused embryoni...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Ma Z,Moore R,Xu X,Barber GN

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serine protease cascades regulate important insect immune responses namely melanization and Toll pathway activation. An important component of these cascades are clip-domain serine protease homologs (cSPHs), which are non-catalytic, but essential for activating the enzyme prophenoloxidase (PPO) in the melanization res...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： El Moussawi L,Nakhleh J,Kamareddine L,Osta MA

更新日期：2019-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Current understanding of adaptive immune, particularly T cell, responses to human rhinoviruses (RV) is limited. Memory T cells are thought to be of a primarily T helper 1 type, but both T helper 1 and T helper 2 memory cells have been described, and heightened T helper 2/ lessened T helper 1 responses have been associ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Glanville N,Peel TJ,Schröder A,Aniscenko J,Walton RP,Finotto S,Johnston SL

更新日期：2016-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 replication normally requires Vif-mediated neutralization of APOBEC3 antiviral enzymes. Viruses lacking Vif succumb to deamination-dependent and -independent restriction processes. Here, HIV-1 adaptation studies were leveraged to ask whether viruses with an irreparable vif deletion could develop resistance to re...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Ikeda T,Symeonides M,Albin JS,Li M,Thali M,Harris RS

更新日期：2018-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:PB1-F2 is a 90 amino acid protein that is expressed from the +1 open reading frame in the PB1 gene of some influenza A viruses and has been shown to contribute to viral pathogenicity. Notably, a serine at position 66 (66S) in PB1-F2 is known to increase virulence compared to an isogenic virus with an asparagine (66N) ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Varga ZT,Ramos I,Hai R,Schmolke M,García-Sastre A,Fernandez-Sesma A,Palese P

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear lamina lines the inner nuclear membrane providing a structural framework for the nucleus. Cellular processes, such as nuclear envelope breakdown during mitosis or nuclear export of large ribonucleoprotein complexes, are functionally linked to the disassembly of the nuclear lamina. In general, lamina disass...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Milbradt J,Hutterer C,Bahsi H,Wagner S,Sonntag E,Horn AH,Kaufer BB,Mori Y,Sticht H,Fossen T,Marschall M

更新日期：2016-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Uncovering how natural selection and genetic drift shape the evolutionary dynamics of virus populations within their hosts can pave the way to a better understanding of virus emergence. Mathematical models already play a leading role in these studies and are intended to predict future emergences. Here, using high-thro...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Fabre F,Montarry J,Coville J,Senoussi R,Simon V,Moury B

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the role of prion infection of the olfactory mucosa in the shedding of prion infectivity into nasal secretions. Prion infection with the HY strain of the transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) agent resulted in a prominent infection of the olfactory bulb and the olfactory sensory epithelium in...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Bessen RA,Shearin H,Martinka S,Boharski R,Lowe D,Wilham JM,Caughey B,Wiley JA

更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza A virus (IAV) infection can be severe or even lethal in toddlers, the elderly and patients with certain medical conditions. Infection of apparently healthy individuals nonetheless accounts for many severe disease cases and deaths, suggesting that viruses with increased pathogenicity co-circulate with pandemi...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Vasilijevic J,Zamarreño N,Oliveros JC,Rodriguez-Frandsen A,Gómez G,Rodriguez G,Pérez-Ruiz M,Rey S,Barba I,Pozo F,Casas I,Nieto A,Falcón A

更新日期：2017-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Tm-2² is a coiled coil-nucleotide binding-leucine rich repeat resistance protein that confers durable extreme resistance against Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) by recognizing the viral movement protein (MP). Here we report that the Nicotiana benthamiana J-domain MIP1 proteins (NbMIP1s) assoc...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Du Y,Zhao J,Chen T,Liu Q,Zhang H,Wang Y,Hong Y,Xiao F,Zhang L,Shen Q,Liu Y

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adjunctive vitamin D treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis enhances resolution of inflammation but has modest effects on bacterial clearance. Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (PBA) is in clinical use for a range of conditions and has been shown to synergise with vitamin D metabolites to upregulate cathelicidin antimicrobial pep...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Coussens AK,Wilkinson RJ,Martineau AR

更新日期：2015-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The repeat region of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is a major vaccine antigen because it can be targeted by parasite neutralizing antibodies; however, little is known about this interaction. We used isothermal titration calorimetry, X-ray crystallography and mutagenesis-validated modeling to...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Fisher CR,Sutton HJ,Kaczmarski JA,McNamara HA,Clifton B,Mitchell J,Cai Y,Dups JN,D'Arcy NJ,Singh M,Chuah A,Peat TS,Jackson CJ,Cockburn IA

更新日期：2017-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrio cholerae is a bacterial pathogen that colonizes the chitinous exoskeleton of zooplankton as well as the human gastrointestinal tract. Colonization of these different niches involves an N-acetylglucosamine binding protein (GbpA) that has been reported to mediate bacterial attachment to both marine chitin and mam...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Wong E,Vaaje-Kolstad G,Ghosh A,Hurtado-Guerrero R,Konarev PV,Ibrahim AF,Svergun DI,Eijsink VG,Chatterjee NS,van Aalten DM

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to complete their life cycle, papillomaviruses have evolved to manipulate a plethora of cellular pathways. The products of the human Alphapapillomavirus E6 proteins specifically interact with and target PDZ containing proteins for degradation. This viral phenotype has been suggested to play a role in viral on...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Van Doorslaer K,DeSalle R,Einstein MH,Burk RD

更新日期：2015-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Populations of honey bees are declining throughout the world, with US beekeepers losing 30% of their colonies each winter. Though multiple factors are driving these colony losses, it is increasingly clear that viruses play a major role. However, information about the molecular mechanisms mediating antiviral immunity i...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Galbraith DA,Yang X,Niño EL,Yi S,Grozinger C

更新日期：2015-03-26 00:00:00