Development of a Standardized Cranial Phantom for Training and Optimization of Functional Stereotactic Operations.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:In recent years, simulations based on phantom models have become increasingly popular in the medical field. In the field of functional and stereotactic neurosurgery, a cranial phantom would be useful to train operative techniques, such as stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG), to establish new methods as well as to develop and modify radiological techniques. In this study, we describe the construction of a cranial phantom and show examples for it in stereotactic and functional neurosurgery and its applicability with different radiological modalities. METHODS:We prepared a plaster skull filled with agar. A complete operation for deep brain stimulation (DBS) was simulated using directional leads. Moreover, a complete SEEG operation including planning, implantation of the electrodes, and intraoperative and postoperative imaging was simulated. RESULTS:An optimally customized cranial phantom is filled with 10% agar. At 7°C, it can be stored for approximately 4 months. A DBS and an SEEG procedure could be realistically simulated. Lead artifacts can be studied in CT, X-ray, rotational fluoroscopy, and MRI. CONCLUSIONS:This cranial phantom is a simple and effective model to simulate functional and stereotactic neurosurgical operations. This might be useful for teaching and training of neurosurgeons, establishing operations in a new center and for optimization of radiological examinations.

authors

Krüger MT,Coenen VA,Egger K,Shah M,Reinacher PC

doi

10.1159/000489581

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-01-01 00:00:00

pages

190-196

issue

3

eissn

1011-6125

issn

1423-0372

pii

000489581

journal_volume

96

pub_type

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