Abstract:
:A large sample of embryological material of the North American paddlefish Polyodon spathula (Acipenseriformes: Polyodontidae) confirms that early development in Polyodon is very similar to that reported for the sister group of Polyodontidae, the sturgeons (Acipenseridae). Polyodon illustrates many basic aspects of acipenseriform (and actinopterygian) head development that have not been adequately described. In this paper, we provide an overview of external features of cranial development using scanning electron microscopy. The observations are correlated with staging schemes previously proposed for paddlefishes and other acipenseriforms. Events that occur after the start of neurulation (stage 19) to the start of feeding (stage 46) are emphasized. New information on the structure and folding of the mandibular and hyoid segments permits an understanding of the early development of the pharyngeal region. In addition, we offer new descriptions of the hatching gland, the olfactory organ, the sensory barbel, and the initiation of paddle outgrowth. We also comment on the mode of origin of the hypophysis, and refute the notion that it is derived from the lips of the anterior neuropore as suggested in older literature. This information sets the stage for future comparative and experimental studies of the embryology of basal actinopterygians. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
journal_name
J Morpholjournal_title
Journal of morphologyauthors
Bemis WE,Grande Ldoi
10.1002/jmor.1052130106subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-07-01 00:00:00pages
47-83issue
1eissn
0362-2525issn
1097-4687journal_volume
213pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The flagellum of the thysanopteran spermatozoon has been examined by electron microscopy and computer-aided image analysis. The flagellum consists of 27 microtubular elements that probably are formed as outgrowths from three separate basal bodies. Nine of the elements are normal microtubular doublets that carry dynein...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Complete postorbital bars, bony arches that encompass the lateral aspect of the eye and form part of a circular orbit, have evolved homoplastically multiple times during mammalian evolution. Numerous functional hypotheses have been advanced for postorbital bars, the most promising being that postorbital bars function ...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Bone is a dynamic tissue adapting to loading according to "Wolff's law of bone adaptation." During very early life, however, such a mechanism may not be adequate enough to adapt to the dramatic change in environmental challenges in precocial species. Their neonates are required to stand and walk within hours after bir...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.20548
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199707)233:1<77::AID-JMOR7
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During ontogeny, the apical and basal components of dicamptodontid teeth exhibit three major developmental stages: nonpedicellate, subpedicellate, and pedicellate. Premetamorphic larvae tend to have nonpedicellate teeth, incompletely or recently metamorphosed individuals tend to have subpedicellate teeth, and fully tr...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
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doi:10.1002/jmor.1051990204
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abstract::The hypotheses of relationships within Lari (gulls) are highly unstable, and depend on whether morphological or molecular data are examined. Developmental sequence data are thought to contain phylogenetic information, but have never been applied to the problem of avian systematics. In this article, we describe the oss...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1051780203
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The orientation of the semicircular canals of the inner ear in the skull of vertebrates is one of the determinants of the capacity of this system to detect a given rotational movement of the head. Past functional studies on the spatial orientation of the semicircular canals essentially focused on the lateral semicircu...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Canis and Ursus the largest proportion of attachments of muscles of the shoulder and brachium on the scapula and humerus is direct; fewer attachments are aponeurotic or tendinous. In both genera most attachments can be associated with superficial osteological features (scars or delimitable surfaces); attachments th...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1052060111
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combined techniques of light microscopy, scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy were used for the first time to study the structure of unicameral lungs of a Tegu lizard (Tupinambis nigropunctatus). The lungs are prolate spheroid bags with blood supplied by superficial branches of a dorsal pulmon...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1051610303
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sipuncula is a clade of unsegmented marine worms that are currently placed among the basal radiation of conspicuously segmented Annelida. Their new location provides a unique opportunity to reinvestigate the evolution and development of segmented body plans. Neural segmentation is clearly evident during ganglionic ven...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.21054
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The morphogenesis and ultrastructure of the epidermis of snake embryos were studied at progressive stages of development through hatching to determine the time and modality of differentiation of the shedding complex. Scales form as symmetric epidermal bumps that become slanted and eventually very overlapped. During th...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1080
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reproductive process in insects may be affected by several factors, among which environmental temperature is one of the most important because of the poikilothermic condition of insects. To determine the effect of suboptimal temperature on the spermiogenic process of Triatoma infestans, males were exposed to 12°C ...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1052160104
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1052210105
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the morphometric properties of the forelimb, including the inertial properties of the body segments and the morphometric parameters of 21 muscles spanning the shoulder and/or elbow joints of six Macaca mulatta and three M. fascicularis. Five muscle parameters are presented: optimal fascicle ...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4687(200009)245:3<206::AID-JMOR3>3.0.
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.10699
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.20099
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventral surface of the most proximal tarsomere of each mesothoracic leg of the female black fly, Simulium venustum Say, bears approximately 60 bifurcate sensilla. Externally, a sensillum appears as a hair set into an asymmetric socket and with the distal tip flattened into two flared lobes. A single pore opens int...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1051650102
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patterns of growth and variation of the appendicular skeleton were examined in Thorius, a speciose genus of minute terrestrial plethodontid salamanders from southern Mexico. Observations were based primarily on ontogenetic series of each of five species that collectively span the range of adult body size in the genus;...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
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journal_title:Journal of morphology
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journal_title:Journal of morphology
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更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of morphology
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abstract::The morphology of the musculature and connective tissues of the arms of Octopus bimaculoides was analyzed with light microscopy. We also studied O. briareus and O. digueti, which possess relatively more elongate and less elongate arms, respectively. The morphology of the arms was found to be remarkably uniform among s...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.10548
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vertebrate head as a major novelty is directly linked to the evolutionary success of the vertebrates. Sequential information on the embryonic pattern of cartilaginous head development are scarce, but important for the understanding of its evolution. In this study, we use the oriental fire bellied toad, Bombina ori...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.21138
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cetacean middle ears are unique among mammals in that they have an elongated tympanic membrane, a greatly reduced manubrium mallei, and an incudal crus longum that is shorter than the crus breve. Elongation of the tympanic membrane and reduction of the manubrium is thought to be related to an evolutionary rotation of ...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1044
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the allometric scaling relationships of the cetacean humerus, radius, and ulna. Bone lengths and diameters were measured for 20 species of odontocete and three species of mysticete cetaceans, representing eight of the nine extant cetacean families. The scaling of individual bone proportions (bone l...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1052220208
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are remarkable interspecific differences in the sizes of the larvae of Andean frogs of the genus Telmatobius. This size variation seems to be associated with the duration of the larval stage and may affect the hind-limb morphology in Telmatobius. Larval, juvenile, and adult Telmatobius rubigo and T. oxycephalus ...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.21264
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsal vessel (DV) in the abdomen of the blood-feeding insect Rhodnius prolixus was divided functionally into two regions, the heart, into which haemolymph entered the DV through four pairs of ostia located in abdominal segment VII, and the aorta, along which the haemolymph was propelled from abdominal segment VI ...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1052040103
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nematocytes containing microbasic mastigophores are intimately associated with accessory cells in the epidermis of Chironex fleckeri. Large microbasic mastigophores may be surrounded by seven to nine such cells. Each accessory cell possesses an apical portion containing secretory droplets and a basal portion which car...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jmor.1051950110
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The femoral or cloacal region of many species of lizards and amphisbaenians exhibits epidermal glands. The pores of these glands are plugged with holocrine solid secretions that serve as semiochemical sources. Many authors assume that these glands are mainly associated with reproduction and demarcation of territory. T...
journal_title:Journal of morphology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(199909)241:3<197::AID-JMOR
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00