Abstract:
:The incidence of malignant melanoma has continued to rise during the past decades. However, in the last few years, treatment protocols have significantly been improved thanks to a better understanding of the key oncogenes and signaling pathways involved in its pathogenesis and progression. Anticancer therapy would either kill tumor cells by triggering apoptosis or permanently arrest them in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Unfortunately, melanoma is often refractory to commonly used anticancer drugs. More recently, however, some new anticancer strategies have been developed that are "external" to cancer cells, for example stimulating the immune system's response or inhibiting angiogenesis. In fact, the increasing knowledge of melanoma pathogenetic mechanisms, in particular the discovery of genetic mutations activating specific oncogenes, stimulated the development of molecularly targeted therapies, a form of treatment in which a drug (chemical or biological) is developed with the goal of exclusively destroying cancer cells by interfering with specific molecules that drive growth and spreading of the tumor. Again, after the initial exciting results associated with targeted therapy, tumor resistance and/or relapse of the melanoma lesion have been observed. Hence, very recently, new therapeutic strategies based on the modulation of the immune system function have been developed. Since cancer cells are known to be capable of evading immune-mediated surveillance, i.e., to block the immune system cell activity, a series of molecular strategies, including monoclonal antibodies, have been developed in order to "release the brakes" on the immune system igniting immune reactivation and hindering metastatic melanoma cell growth. In this review we analyze the various biological strategies underlying conventional chemotherapy as well as the most recently developed targeted therapies and immunotherapies, pointing at the molecular mechanisms of cell injury and death engaged by the different classes of therapeutic agents.
journal_name
Cell Death Disjournal_title
Cell death & diseaseauthors
Mattia G,Puglisi R,Ascione B,Malorni W,Carè A,Matarrese Pdoi
10.1038/s41419-017-0059-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-25 00:00:00pages
112issue
2issn
2041-4889pii
10.1038/s41419-017-0059-7journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Protein S-nitrosylation, the redox-based posttranslational modification of a cysteine thiol by the attachment of a nitric oxide (NO) group, is responsible for a variety of signaling effects. Dysregulation of S-nitrosylation may be directly linked to cancer apoptotic resistance and cancer therapy outcomes, emphasizing ...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
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abstract::The selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) has several key roles in cellular redox systems and reductive pathways. Here we discovered that an evolutionarily conserved and surface-exposed tryptophan residue of the enzyme (Trp114) is excessively reactive to oxidation and exerts regulatory functions. The results i...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
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abstract::Melanoma is a kind of tumor that originates from melanocytes and is characterized by chemoresistance and distant metastasis. Although the complete pathogenesis of melanoma remains unclear, increasing evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) may be involved. In the present study, we identified a circular RNA, ci...
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
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abstract::Recent cases of successful control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by bone marrow transplant in combination with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and very early initiation of ART have provided proof of concept that HIV infection might now be cured. Current efforts focusing on gene therapy, boosting HIV-s...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy in the world; however, the survival rates of advanced-stage and recurrent cervical cancer patients remain poor. The multifaced protein insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R) has various ligands, represented as IGF-2 and mannose-6-phosphate (M6P)-tagged...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
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abstract::Mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) is a mitochondrially localized protein possessing ferroxidase activity and the ability to store iron. FtMt overexpression in cultured cells protects against oxidative damage by sequestering redox-active, intracellular iron. Here, we found that acute exhaustive exercise significantly incre...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Uncontrollable inflammatory response acts as a driver of sepsis-associated liver injury (SALI). IL-22 plays an important role in regulating inflammatory responses, but its role in SALI remains unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the association of serum IL-22 with SALI in pediatric patients and to enclose the ...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Senescence is an antiproliferative mechanism that can suppress tumor development and can be induced by oncogenes such as genes of the Ras family. Although studies have implicated bioactive sphingolipids (SL) in senescence, the specific mechanisms remain unclear. Here, using MCF10A mammary epithelial cells, we demonstr...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
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doi:10.1038/s41419-020-03281-4
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abstract::Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are the most aggressive brain tumors in children with 5-year survival rates of only 2%. About 85% of all DIPG are characterized by a lysine-to-methionine substitution in histone 3, which leads to global H3K27 hypomethylation accompanied by H3K27 hyperacetylation. Hyperacetylati...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cddis.2014.355
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Our previous studies have shown that microRNA-383 (miR-383) expression is downregulated in the testes of infertile men with maturation arrest (MA). However, the underlying mechanisms of miR-383 involved in the pathogenesis of MA remain unknown. In this study, we showed that downregulation of miR-383 was associated wit...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-11-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41419-017-0173-6
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41419-019-2064-5
更新日期:2019-10-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41419-018-0761-0
更新日期:2018-07-03 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41419-019-1593-2
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abstract::α-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation and aggregation is a common pathological factor found in synucleinopathies, a group of neurodegenerative disorders that includes Parkinson´s disease (PD). It has been proposed that lipid dyshomeostasis is responsible for the occurrence of PD-related processes, however, the precise role...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41419-020-03254-7
更新日期:2021-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis has been established as a mechanism of anti-cancer defense. Members of the BCL-2 family are critical mediators of apoptotic cell death in health and disease, often found to be deregulated in cancer and believed to lead to the survival of malignant clones. However, over the years, a number of studies pointed ...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2015-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Recently, accumulating data indicate that long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) function as novel crucial regulators of diverse biological processes, including proliferation and metastasis, in tumorigenesis. Lnc NONHSAT081507.1 (LINC81507) is associated w...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41419-019-1740-9
更新日期:2019-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Proinflammatory cytokines exert cytotoxic effects on β-cells, and are involved in the pathogenesis of type I and type II diabetes and in the drastic loss of β-cells following islet transplantation. Cytokines induce apoptosis and alter the function of differentiated β-cells. Although the MAP3 kinase tumor progression l...
journal_title:Cell death & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/cddis.2015.399
更新日期:2016-01-21 00:00:00