Photon-Fluence-Weighted let for Radiation Fields Subjected to Epidemiological Studies.

abstract：:Cosmic rays make a significant, but not normally a dominant, contribution to the radiation dose of people all over the world. However, doses rise with altitude and the earth's magnetic field means that latitude also becomes important. Solar activity imposes a further, time dependent, variation. This article gives more...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kendall GM

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Indoor Rn concentrations and Rn in adjacent karst terrains were studied at four houses with crawlspaces in Huntsville, AL. In warm summertime weather, Rn-rich air may vent through limestone solution cavities exposed as holes at the surface of the properties. A probable interrelated-finding is that the indoor levels of...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Wilson DL,Gammage RB,Dudney CS,Saultz RJ

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human beings have always suffered and have incurred irreparable damages from different disasters. The most logical way to deal with disaster is to be comprehensively prepared. In line with this, the readiness of hospitals in the vicinity of nuclear centers is of great importance, as this could lead to reduced injuries...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ghaedi H,Nasiripour AA,Tabibi SJ,Assadi M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the steps that has been taken to expedite the radiation dose reconstruction process is the development of "site profiles." These reports, one of which has been prepared for each of the major U.S. Department of Energy nuclear sites, include detailed assessments of the dose rates at a given site due to on-site ex...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Rollins EM

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanic workers are exposed to exhaust fumes when controlling vehicle engines in motion inside repair shops. To assess radiation doses due to radon short-lived progeny from the inhalation of exhaust fumes by mechanic workers, concentrations of these radionuclides were measured in petrol (gasoline) and gas-oil exhaust...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Misdaq MA,Chaouqi A,Ouguidi J,Touti R,Mortassim A

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the Full-Scale Radiological Dispersal Device Field Trials carried out in Suffield in 2012, several suites of detection and sampling equipment were used to measure and characterize the explosive dispersal of the short half-life radioactive tracer Lanthanum-140 ((140)La). The equipment deployed included networks ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Korpach E,Berg R,Erhardt L,Lebel L,Liu C

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current feasibility of protecting emergency responders through bone marrow selective shielding is highlighted in the recent OECD/NEA report on severe accident management. Until recently, there was no effective personal protection from externally penetrating gamma radiation. In Chernobyl, first-responders wore make...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Waterman G,Kase K,Orion I,Broisman A,Milstein O

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to spark discharges may occur beneath high voltage transmission lines when contact is initiated with a conductive object (such as a motor vehicle) with the spark discharge mediated by the ambient electric field from the line. The objective of this study was to assess whether such exposures could interfere wit...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Korpinen L,Kuisti H,Tarao H,Virtanen V,Pääkkönen R,Dovan T,Kavet R

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An addition has been made to an existing software program for calculating shielding thicknesses of barriers for megavoltage radiation therapy beams. This addition calculates the shielding thicknesses required for the roof of a single-story building when adjacent, multi-level buildings are occupied. ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Biggs PJ

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The (90)Sr and (137)Cs activities of soil, plant, and milk samples from the village of Dolon, located close to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site in Kazakhstan, were determined. The areal deposition at the nine sampling sites is in the range of <500 to 6,100 Bq m(-2) and 300 to 7,900 Bq m-2 for (90)Sr and (137)Cs, re...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gastberger M,Steinhäusler F,Gerzabek MH,Hubmer A,Lettner H

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dose rates from contaminated soil and hot particles have been calculated for several organs of a reference human. The calculation was performed using the computer code QAD-CGGP, a point kernel code employing combinatorial geometry for the representation of the human phantom. QAD uses buildup factors based on the geome...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tsoulfanidis N,Phillips K

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Cameco lung counter has been recalibrated using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory torso phantom using an extended lung set (i.e., longer than the original set). The previous calibration had used the Japanese Atomic Energy Research Institute torso phantom. The new calibration had lower counting efficiencie...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kramer GH,Hauck B,Allen SA

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential harm to a population exposed to radiation from a nuclear accident, such as the one that recently occurred at the Chernobyl plant in the Soviet Union, is of concern to many individuals. The average dose to a population is a useful index of harm (IH) only for linear, nonthreshold-type, quantal (i.e., all-o...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Scott BR

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depleted uranium was first used on a large scale as a major component of munitions and armaments employed by the U.S. armed forces during the Gulf War in 1991. In response to concern that exposure to depleted uranium may have been a cause of health problems suffered by returning veterans of that war, an already existi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： McDiarmid MA,Engelhardt SM,Oliver M

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Brookhaven National Laboratory Sigma Pile is a radium-beryllium neutron source imbedded in a cube of graphite blocks. The pile is approximately 2.13 m on four sides and is 3.07 m high. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were used to determine the neutron and gamma-ray dose rates in the pile. Gamma-ray dose rate measurem...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Holden NE,Reciniello RN,Hu JP

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The author was invited to talk about ICRP perceptions of a look to the future. Many questions will be addressed when the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) initiates a revision of its basic recommendations from 1977, which were published in ICRP Publication 26. This process will take several ye...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lindell B

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-evacuation by a private vehicle is one of the most commonly used methods of public evacuation in the case of a nuclear accident. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the dose-reduction effects of vehicles. To achieve this aim, a model for calculating the dose reduction factor was developed based on the actual sha...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Takahara S,Watanabe M,Hirouchi J,Iijima M,Munakata M

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large-scale radiological incident would result in an immediate critical need to assess the radiation doses received by thousands of individuals to allow for prompt triage and appropriate medical treatment. Measuring absorbed doses of ionizing radiation will require a system architecture or a system of platforms that...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Grace MB,Moyer BR,Prasher J,Cliffer KD,Ramakrishnan N,Kaminski J,Coleman CN,Manning RG,Maidment BW,Hatchett R

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, regulatory emphasis on the prevention of loss, theft and intentional misuse of radioactive materials at academic institutions has forced radiation safety personnel to devote increasing amounts of time and effort to address security issues. NRC regulations require that radioactive materials used or sto...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Farley DV,Normandin RD,Martz MD,Langhorst SM

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fallout 137Cs levels in soil were measured at 11 diverse sites throughout Montana. Concentrations in near-surface samples ranged from 20-200 mBq g-1 (0.51-5.41 pCi g-1). Most of the 137Cs was in the top 10 cm of soil. Deeper occurrences were attributed to disturbances by animals and to interstitial flow of small sedim...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Arnalds O,Cutshall NH,Nielsen GA

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With more than 80 reported/confirmed accidental melts worldwide since 1983 and still counting, potential contamination by radioactive materials remains as a major concern among recycled scrap and steel companies. Some of these events were catastrophic and have cost the industry millions of dollars in business and, at ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Turner R

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experience gained during a field training exercise with a Medical Reserve Corps unit on the screening of large groups of individuals for possible contamination with radioactive material revealed that while exercise participants were generally attentive to the proper use of protective equipment and detectors, they tend...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Emery RJ,Sprau DD,Morecook RC

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The radiation safety implications following the administration of 131I for the treatment of Grave's disease to a patient undergoing home-based renal dialysis was investigated. External dose-rate measurements from the patient revealed a peak value at around day 2, post administration. The effective half-life was determ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Simpson JB,Godwin GA

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evaluation of the dose rate distributions from radioactive sources, together with the specific detector locations with respect to those sources, in many cases presents a significant analytical challenge. With the exception of a few, simple source-detector geometries, it is not possible to find an analytical expres...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zoeger N,Brandl A

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thoron (Rn) exhalation from building materials has become increasingly recognized as a potential source for radiation exposure in dwellings. However, few studies have focused on mitigation strategies to reduce exposure from thoron and its progeny. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to (1) determine the reduction ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： de With G,de Jong P,Donk JJ

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expressions are derived in three cases for the expectation and uncertainty of body burdens and doses calculated from a linear model of environmental transport and human metabolism in terms of expectation and uncertainty in inputs of discrete, stochastic random variables. Three cases are compared to determine the relat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kercher JR,Robison WL

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations of natural alpha-emitting isotopes of thorium (228Th, 230Th and 232Th) have been determined in 22 sets of human tissue samples obtained at autopsy from Grand Junction, CO and in 10 sets from Washington, DC. Tissues included lung, pulmonary lymph nodes, liver, kidney, bone, a few gonads, spleen and t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ibrahim SA,Wrenn ME,Singh NP,Cohen N,Saccomano G

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uptake of 226Ra, 232Th, 230Th, and 228Th from water, sediment, and diet sources to bone and muscle of white suckers (Catostomus commersoni) was studied in sixteen lakes in the uranium-mining district of Ontario, Canada. Fish tissues did not increase linearly with environmental concentrations. The best relationship app...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Pyle GG,Clulow FV

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Voxelized geometry such as those obtained from medical images is increasingly used in Monte Carlo calculations of absorbed doses. One useful application of calculated absorbed dose is the determination of fluence-to-dose conversion factors for different organs. However, confusion still exists about how such a geometry...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zhang J,Bednarz B,Xu XG

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The shaft portion of the left femur from an individual occupationally exposed to Pu was used to investigate the suitability of an ethylenediamine extraction technique to separate mineral bone from organic material. Marrow in the lumen was removed before the extraction technique was used and was analyzed separately for...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Miglio JJ,Willis LC

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00