Abstract:
:Indoor Rn concentrations and Rn in adjacent karst terrains were studied at four houses with crawlspaces in Huntsville, AL. In warm summertime weather, Rn-rich air may vent through limestone solution cavities exposed as holes at the surface of the properties. A probable interrelated-finding is that the indoor levels of 222Rn are distinctly higher in the summer than winter. The karst underlying the homes is structurally faulted and, in all probability, facilitates Rn transport from the solution cavities to the crawlspaces. Abrupt day-to-day changes in indoor Rn concentrations were recorded in addition to large seasonal changes. If the owners or residents of these particular homes had attempted to make, and interpret, short-term screening measurements for Rn during the fall season, problems, including false negatives, could have arisen because of order-of-magnitude changes in Rn concentration occurring over a few days. The best time of year to make screening measurements would be during the summer when indoor Rn concentrations are more likely to reach their maximum values.
journal_name
Health Physjournal_title
Health physicsauthors
Wilson DL,Gammage RB,Dudney CS,Saultz RJdoi
10.1097/00004032-199102000-00006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-02-01 00:00:00pages
189-97issue
2eissn
0017-9078issn
1538-5159journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HEALTH PHYSICS文献大全abstract::Internal exposure due to inhalation of aerosols depends on the ratio of aerodynamic shape factor (χ) to aerosol mass density (ρ). Inhaled aerosol parameters may differ from the default ρ and χ values provided by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, which are adopted for the assessment of internal e...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001052
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is strong evidence that ionizing radiation increases cancer risks at high doses (e.g., >or=1 Gy), and persuasive, if controversial, epidemiological evidence that cancer risks are increased at low doses ( approximately 10 mGy). Discussed here are the issues related to extrapolating radiation risks from low radiat...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181ad7f04
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper summarizes an environmental radionuclide baseline study undertaken for the Department of National Defence in Canada. The purpose of the project was to establish levels of radionuclides present in the environment around areas where nuclear propelled vessels may be berthed. Specifically, this report describes...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199907000-00008
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was directed by Congress to assess the risk of thyroid cancer from 131I associated with fallout from the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) was requested by DHHS to address Public Law 97-414, Section 7 (...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199011000-00002
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The photon interaction parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ), effective atomic number (Z eff) and effective electron density (N el) must be identical for the phantom material and their tissue. In the present study, the μ/ρ, Z eff, and N el for muscle, breast, lung tissue have been computed, and their s...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000038
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radon-222 concentrations in the air of 12 tourist caves in Slovenia, Yugoslavia were measured. In almost all the caves concentrations are higher than in the outdoor air, with the highest concentration in the Tabor Cave at about 6000 Bq m-3. From the 222Rn concentrations obtained, the activity of 222Rn inhaled by a vis...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beagle dogs were given subcutaneous implants of plutonium in their forepaws to mimic hand wounds received by workers accidentally contaminated with plutonium. Ten dogs received 9.46 +/- 0.43 mu Ci of plutonium oxide, and eight dogs received 1.25 +/- 0.60 mu Ci of plutonium nitrate. Surviving dogs were sacrificed at 8 ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198407000-00006
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental measurements of velocity and tracer gas concentration are taken in a straight tube to evaluate the effectiveness of mixing in achieving conditions as required by ANSI N13.1-1999 for single point extractive sampling from stacks and ducts of nuclear facilities. Mixing is evaluated for inlet turbulent intens...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200301000-00007
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several soil samples of Bangalore region were analyzed for the concentrations of Ra, Th, and K by gamma ray spectrometry. The concentration of Ra varied in the range 7.7-111.6 Bq kg with a mean value of 26.2 Bq kg, Th in the range 16.7-98.7 Bq kg with a mean of 53.1 Bq kg, and that of K in the range 151.8-1424.2 Bq kg...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000291943.50516.d0
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of the physical and chemical properties of radioactive aerosols produced in different work environments were made at Chin-Shan nuclear power plant in Taiwan. These properties, including particle mass- and activity-size distributions, elemental and radionuclide compositions, and solubility lung class, are essen...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199308000-00003
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Weathering of fuel particles and the subsequent leaching of radionuclides causes 90Sr mobility in Chernobyl soils to increase with time after deposition. Studies of 90Sr speciation in soils collected in 1995 and 1996 from the Chernobyl 30-km exclusion zone have been used to calculate rates of fuel particles dissolutio...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199903000-00006
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In nuclear accident consequence assessment, dose contributions from radionuclide deposition on the human body have in the past generally been either ignored or estimated on the basis of rather simple models. Recent experimental work has improved the state of knowledge of relevant processes and parameter ranges. The re...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200202000-00007
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Requirements for additional security measures for sealed radioactive sources have evolved since they were first implemented after the terrorist events of 11 September 2001. This paper will describe the sequence of those measures, commencing with the early orders issued by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to the ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000397
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical efficacy and safety may be compromised if output from ultrasonic therapy transducers differs significantly from the indicated value. Space-averaged effective intensities selected for treatment are a ratio of the emitted ultrasonic power to the effective radiating area (ERA). In this study, ERA measurements fo...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198910000-00017
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measurements of the effective diffusion coefficient, De, of 222Rn in concrete are important for accurate determination of transport mechanisms and computer modeling of radon entry into structures. A method for in-situ determination of De as well as the emanation fraction, F, is described. It is based on continuous mea...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199506000-00008
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an effort to reveal the possible underlying causes of radiation-related health care complaints in the State of Texas, complaint data were evaluated using historical Texas Department of Health-Bureau of Radiation Control (TDH-BRC) reports. A major aim of the study was to generate a summary of the most commonly repor...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000202231.88465.6a
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Findings of the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of atomic-bomb survivors are a primary source for quantitative risk estimates that underlie radiation protection. Because of the size and length of follow-up, the LSS provides considerable information on both the nature of the dose response and on how radiation-associated e...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004032-200307000-00010
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Instrumentation and application methodologies for rapidly and accurately estimating individual ionizing radiation dose are needed for on-site triage in a radiological/nuclear event. One such methodology is an in vivo X-band, electron paramagnetic resonance, physically based dosimetry method to directly measure the rad...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000874
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::After the release of radioactive materials from a large radiological dispersal device (e.g., dirty bomb), improvised nuclear detonation, or nuclear power plant accident, up to hundreds of square miles may be contaminated. A portion of this area will be evacuated; however, people living in the portion that is not evacu...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000101
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the recent upsurge in worldwide terrorism, the prospects for a radiation terrorism event have greatly increased. Current recommendations regarding recovery from such an event specify that decisions about the extent of radiological cleanup will be dependent upon stakeholder acceptance of the risk levels. The case ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000457
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new 241Am lung monitoring system without shielding was devised by using an imaging plate system. The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's realistic torso phantom containing a 241Am lung was covered by imaging plates sealed in lightproof bags. The imaging plate system displayed 241Am lung images characteristic of...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000258917.88579.a3
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to the increasing interest in environmental protection against ionizing radiation on the international scene, the need for operational tools for radiological environmental risk assessment is becoming critical. Within this framework, this paper puts forward a fast and user-friendly computerized method to allow the ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000182192.91169.ed
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the main factors that affect the uncertainty in calculating the gamma-radiation absorbed dose rate inside a room is the variation in the degree of secular equilibrium of the considered radioactive series. A component of this factor, considered in this paper, is the release of radon (Rn) from building materials ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000630
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An empirical expression of cavity theory for electron fields is developed in a fashion similar to Burlin's general theory of cavity ionization for photons. It incorporates a term that relates the absorbed dose ratio in the cavity and material medium to the differences in electron scattering. This new expression correl...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198511000-00024
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A filter air sampler has been developed for sampling radionuclide aerosol particles from the workplace environment. It provides easy filter changing, constant flow sampling, and a visual display to indicate proper operation. An experimental study was conducted to characterize the collection efficiency of the sampler a...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199612000-00003
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A severe radiological accident involving an industrial radiography source containing Ir occurred in China. A worker was seriously exposed, which resulted in acute radiation syndrome. Initial whole-body dose was estimated at 1.51 Gy (95% Confidence Interval: 1.40-1.61 Gy) using biological dosimetry. This work performed...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000711
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study three methods for the determination of the radon (222Rn) exhalation rate of building materials are compared. All three are so-called purge-and-trap methods in which the sample is enclosed in a container from which the exhaled radon is continuously purged by a constant flow of nitrogen gas. The outflowing...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.hp.0000144573.53642.d9
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An unventilated 70 m underground space, with 2.1 m high ceilings and an inner set of concrete walls to damp vibrations, was discovered to have relatively stable radon levels of ~1,080 Bq m over a 1-y period. The addition of radium sources was not required to achieve high and somewhat variable radon levels, as these ar...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001047
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of x-ray generators for diagnostic radiology in the medical sector in Cameroon, Central Africa, is wide spread and on the increase in recent times. Regulatory control of x-ray machines used in medical sector has been achieved in the Littoral Region of Cameroon by means of notification and authorization systems...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000713
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Panasonic UD-801 thermoluminescent dosimeters ( TLDs ) containing two calcium sulfate phosphors were tested under Performance Specification 3.1 established by the American National Standard Institute ( ANSI75 ) and in the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Regulatory Guide 4.13 ( NRC77 ). The specific qualifying tes...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198405000-00002
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00