Abstract:
:Humans regularly cooperate with non-kin, which has been theorized to require reciprocity between repeatedly interacting and trusting individuals. However, the role of repeated interactions has not previously been demonstrated in explaining real-world patterns of hunter-gatherer cooperation. Here we explore cooperation among the Agta, a population of Filipino hunter-gatherers, using data from both actual resource transfers and two experimental games across multiple camps. Patterns of cooperation vary greatly between camps and depend on socio-ecological context. Stable camps (with fewer changes in membership over time) were associated with greater reciprocal sharing, indicating that an increased likelihood of future interactions facilitates reciprocity. This is the first study reporting an association between reciprocal cooperation and hunter-gatherer band stability. Under conditions of low camp stability individuals still acquire resources from others, but do so via demand sharing (taking from others), rather than based on reciprocal considerations. Hunter-gatherer cooperation may either be characterized as reciprocity or demand sharing depending on socio-ecological conditions.
journal_name
R Soc Open Scijournal_title
Royal Society open scienceauthors
Smith D,Dyble M,Thompson J,Major K,Page AE,Chaudhary N,Salali GD,Vinicius L,Migliano AB,Mace Rdoi
10.1098/rsos.160131subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-13 00:00:00pages
160131issue
7issn
2054-5703pii
rsos160131journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The aim of this study was to obtain an electrochemical device between the electrostatic interaction of the electropolymerized porphyrin {CoTPyP[RuCl3(dppb)]4}, where TPyP = 5,10,15, 20-tetrapyridilphorphyrin and dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, and gold nanoparticles (AuNPsn-), to be used as a voltammetric sen...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170675
更新日期:2017-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::While various relationships between productivity and biodiversity are found in forests, the processes underlying these relationships remain unclear and theory struggles to coherently explain them. In this work, we analyse diversity-productivity relationships through an examination of forest structure (described by bas...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160521
更新日期:2017-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::The potential for widespread job automation has become an important topic of discussion in recent years, and it is thought that many American workers may need to learn new skills or transition to new jobs to maintain stable positions in the workforce. Because workers' existing skills may make such transitions more or ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.182124
更新日期:2019-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Social interactions are a defining behavioural trait of social animals. Discovering characteristic patterns in the display of such behaviour is one of the fundamental endeavours in behavioural biology and psychology, as this promises to facilitate the general understanding, classification, prediction and even automati...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160694
更新日期:2017-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Multituberculate mammals thrived during the Mesozoic, but their diversity declined from the mid-late Paleocene onwards, becoming extinct in the late Eocene. The radiation of superficially similar, eutherian rodents has been linked to multituberculate extinction through competitive exclusion. However, characteristics p...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.181536
更新日期:2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::We simulate an actin filament as an automaton network. Every atom takes two or three states and updates its state, in discrete time, depending on a ratio of its neighbours in some selected state. All atoms/automata simultaneously update their states by the same rule. Two state transition rules are considered. In semi-...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.181198
更新日期:2019-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, enzymatic hydrolysis and cationization with epoxypropyldodecyldimethylammonium chloride of wheat protein, an economic protein complex containing great amount of disulfide bonds, were conducted to improve properties such as solubility and disassociation behaviour for recovery of damaged hair when used in...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171216
更新日期:2018-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::The study of the evolution of abiotic niches can be informative regarding the speciation drivers in a given group. Yet, two factors that could potentially affect niche evolution have seldom been addressed concomitantly, which are biotic interactions and geographical isolation. In this study, we used as a model group t...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170293
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the tempo and mode of non-avian dinosaur extinction is one of the most contentious issues in palaeobiology. Extensive disagreements remain over whether their extinction was catastrophic and geologically instantaneous or the culmination of long-term evolutionary trends. These conflicts have arisen due to nu...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.201195
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally recognized that dimethylformamide (DMF) and ethanol are good media to uniformly disperse graphene, and therefore have been used widely in the preparation of epoxy/graphene nanocomposites. However, as a solvent to disperse graphene, dichlorobenzene (DCB) has not been fully realized by the polymer commun...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170778
更新日期:2017-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Pre-pubertal boys and girls speak with acoustically different voices despite the absence of a clear anatomical dimorphism in the vocal apparatus, suggesting that a strong component of the expression of gender through the voice is behavioural. Initial evidence for this hypothesis was found in a previous study showing t...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.190656
更新日期:2019-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Miniaturized accelerometers are necessary for evaluating the performance of small devices, such as haptics, robotics and simulators. In this study, we fabricated miniaturized accelerometers using well-aligned ZnO nanowires. The layer of ZnO nanowires is used for active piezoelectric layer of the accelerometer, and cop...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170557
更新日期:2017-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial pathogens continue to attract a great deal of attention to manage the termite population. Every bacterium has its own mode of action and in fact, the mechanisms used by bacteria to attack termites remain elusive at the moment. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of subterran...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.200847
更新日期:2020-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Facial attractiveness is often studied on the basis of the internal facial features alone. This study investigated how this exclusion of the external features affects the perception of attractiveness. We studied the effects of two most commonly used methods of exclusion, where the shape of an occluding mask was define...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171616
更新日期:2018-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of binary response data commonly uses models linear in the logistic transform of probabilities. This paper considers some of the advantages and disadvantages of simple least-squares estimates based on a linear representation of the probabilities themselves, this in particular sometimes allowing a more dir...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.190067
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the pathways of introduction of the African baobab, Adansonia digitata, to the Indian subcontinent, we examined 10 microsatellite loci in individuals from Africa, India, the Mascarenes and Malaysia, and matched this with historical evidence of human interactions between source and destination regions. G...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.150370
更新日期:2015-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::Using density functional theory approaches, we follow the sequential addition of CF3 functional groups to the surface of the metallic endofullerene species Gd@C60. The presence of gadolinium in the interior of the cage strongly influences the addition sequence. The calculations are able to successfully identify end po...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.180588
更新日期:2018-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Ants build complex nest structures by reacting to simple, local stimuli. While underground nests result from the space generated by digging, some leaf- and grass-cutting ants also construct conspicuous aboveground turrets around nest openings. We investigated whether the selection of specific building materials occurs...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.201312
更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Biochar, as a soil amendment in agriculture, has attracted considerable attention. In the study, the fate and toxicity of the herbicide fenoxaprop-ethyl were evaluated in soils with and without 5% rice husk biochar amendment. Fenoxaprop-ethyl and metabolite fenoxaprop degradation followed first-order kinetics in the t...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171875
更新日期:2018-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Social information use is common in a wide range of group-living animals, notably in humans. The role it plays in decision-making could be a key to understanding how social groups make collective decisions. The observation of road-crossing behaviours in the presence of other individuals is an ideal means to study the ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160739
更新日期:2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Predation is the primary source of reproductive failure in many avian taxa and nest defence behaviour against predators is hence an important aspect of parental investment. Nest defence is a complex trait that might consistently differ among individuals (personality), while simultaneously vary within individuals (plas...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.182180
更新日期:2019-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::There is a long-standing interest in behavioural ecology, exploring the causes and correlates of consistent individual differences in mean behavioural traits ('personality') and the response to the environment ('plasticity'). Recently, it has been observed that individuals also consistently differ in their residual in...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160352
更新日期:2016-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have reported impairments in perception and recognition, and, particularly, in part-integration of faces following picture-plane inversion. Whether these findings support the notion that inversion changes face processing qualitatively remains a topic of debate. To examine whether associations and diss...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.181350
更新日期:2019-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150635.]. ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1098/rsos.201430
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have reported multiple cases of molecular adaptation in cetaceans related to their aquatic abilities. However, none of these has included the hippopotamus, precluding an understanding of whether molecular adaptations in cetaceans occurred before or after they split from their semi-aquatic sister taxa. H...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.150156
更新日期:2015-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Large-scale high-throughput plant phenotyping (sometimes called phenomics) is becoming increasingly important in plant biology and agriculture and is essential to cutting-edge plant breeding and management approaches needed to meet the food and fuel needs for the next century. Currently, the application of these appro...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.160592
更新日期:2016-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we investigate the concept of the targeted delivery of pharmaceutical drug aerosols in an anatomically realistic geometry of the human upper and central respiratory system. The geometry considered extends from the mouth inlet to the eighth generation of the bronchial bifurcations and is identical...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.170873
更新日期:2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Nano-size EVONIK AEROXIDE® P25 titanium dioxide, TiO2, powder was heat-treated at temperatures, 700-900°C, in air. An X-ray diffraction study showed that the P25 powder is composed of approximately 20 and approximately 80 mass% of rutile and anatase phases, respectively. It was also shown that the transformation from ...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.191539
更新日期:2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::A shift-periodic map is a one-dimensional map from the real line to itself which is periodic up to a linear translation and allowed to have singularities. It is shown that iterative sequences xn+1 = F(x n ) generated by such maps display rich dynamical behaviour. The intege...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.191423
更新日期:2019-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, photocatalytic experiments of 20 mg l-1 sulfamethazine (SMN) in aqueous solution containing ZnO with different morphologies, tetra-needle-like ZnO (T-ZnO), flower-like ZnO (F-ZnO) and nanoparticles ZnO (P-ZnO), were performed. The results indicated that photocatalytic degradation of SMN was effective an...
journal_title:Royal Society open science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsos.171457
更新日期:2018-04-11 00:00:00