Abstract:
:Reconstruction of severe facial deformities poses a unique surgical challenge: restoring the aesthetic form and function of the face. Facial transplantation has emerged over the last decade as an option for reconstruction of these defects in carefully selected patients. As the world experience with facial transplantation grows, debate remains regarding whether such a highly technical, resource-intensive procedure is warranted, all to improve quality of life but not necessarily prolong it. This article reviews the current state of facial transplantation with focus on the current controversies and challenges, with particular attention to issues of technique, immunology, and ethics.
journal_name
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Amjournal_title
Facial plastic surgery clinics of North Americaauthors
Russo JE,Genden EMdoi
10.1016/j.fsc.2016.03.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-01 00:00:00pages
367-77issue
3eissn
1064-7406issn
1558-1926pii
S1064-7406(16)30025-6journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The use of phenol to achieve chemexfoliation of facial tissue, following the standard Baker-Gordon formula or modifications of that formula, can produce a range of results depending on a variety of factors. This article-based on 16 new cases of modified phenol peels, three human biopsy studies, and one triple-blind st...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The appearance of the neck plays an important role in terms of the patient's overall facial appearance. Facial rejuvenation procedures incorporate rejuvenation and improvement of the neck's appearance as a key component. Preoperative evaluation of the aging neck determines the type of rejuvenation procedures that will...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2014.01.004
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric maxillofacial fractures are rare owing to anatomic differences between juvenile and adult skulls. Children's bone is less calcified, allowing for "greenstick fractures." The overall ratio of cranial to facial volume decreases with age. In children, tooth buds comprise the majority of mandibular volume. The m...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2017.06.009
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Middle-aged men represent an emerging group expressing an interest in facial rejuvenation procedures. One must understand the complex differences in motivation, psychosocial factors, and aspects associated with anatomy and facial aging that are unique to men. To maximize postoperative results and increase patient sati...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2005.05.001
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides an overview of the current state of the art of facial reanimation using the best available evidence. Medical, surgical, and physical therapy options in acute and long-standing facial palsy are discussed. ...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2015.04.005
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article covers how to manage patients with extensive hair loss in whom complete, dense coverage is not possible. In addition to discussing planning a transplant pattern for already bald men, I discuss a conservative approach for recognizing and transplanting younger patients who have telltale warning signs that m...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2013.05.008
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extraesophageal reflux has been implicated in many disorders affecting the upper airway. This article reviews the recent literature regarding the relationship of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with extraesophageal reflux. Recent studies have shown that patients with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis have an increas...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2011.10.009
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The short nose deformity is a complex entity with diverse causes and variable characteristics. This article divides shortening into anterior and pan-nose shortening as well as mild, moderate, or severe. Mild anterior shortening can be corrected with shield grafting, whereas moderate to severe shortening can be correct...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2014.09.006
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modern cosmetic medicine requires accurate recognition of all types of rhytids and their molecular causes such that treatments may be tailored for improving skin appearance for each unique patient. This article examines the causes and treatment of fine rhytids. Laser rejuvenation therapies that affect the epidermis, d...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2011.05.006
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We are in the midst of truly changing times, as patients of African descent actively embrace facial cosmetic surgery. Gaining surgical consistency in patients of African descent has proven to be elusive and unpredictable for many rhinoplasty surgeons. Surgical success relies on the surgeon's ability precisely to ident...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2009.11.012
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of male hair loss as a personal and social marker of aging is tremendous and its persistence as a human concern throughout recorded history places it in the forefront of male concern about the physical signs of aging. Restoration of the frontal hairline has the visual effect of re-establishing facial symmet...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2008.04.002
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suture modification techniques have long served as reliable methods to surgically improve nasal tip contour by allowing control of width, projection, and rotation during rhinoplasty. Tip abnormalities characterized by a wide or broad shape are particularly amenable to such techniques. In the senior author's hands (SWP...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2008.10.004
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frontal sinus fractures account for 5% to 15% of all maxillofacial injuries. Historically, a large percentage of these injuries were treated aggressively because of the long term risk of mucocele formation. This required a coronal incision with the associated surgical sequelae including a large scar, alopecia, and par...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2005.10.003
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complications and prevention of complications in brow lift are presented. A discussion of anatomic features of the brow introduces the article in keeping with the focus that a thorough understanding of the anatomy, patient variations, and potential complications is requisite for surgeons performing forehead rejuvenati...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2013.07.006
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides an overview of scar management within the forehead region. It addresses the unique challenges specific to the treatment of forehead wounds. A logical, stepwise approach is used. A subsite based treatment algorithm is provided along with a review of current best practices. Pertinent case examples ...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2016.08.012
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In general, the aging process of the face is a process of atrophy, most noticeable in the perioral region. This article discusses rejuvenation of the perioral region, including fillers, surgery, and facial resurfacing, as correction for this process. Detailed techniques for each of the approaches are outlined. Composi...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2007.08.008
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article discusses autologous cell therapy for wrinkles in the face. Autologous fibroblast therapy is compared with dermal fillers. Study outcomes of LaViv are detailed, including a summary of adverse events. The technique for injection of autologous cells is described in addition to the duration of effect of trea...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2013.02.008
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review gives a basic overview of the current state of fat transplantation in view of adipose-derived stem cells. Current technologies regarding facial rejuvenation are presented, with a brief review of the procedures. ...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2012.02.012
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chin reshaping can provide a more identifiable female appearance for transitioning male to female patients undergoing facial feminization. The "sliding" genioplasty has the most potential for dramatically reshaping the chin, while also avoiding many of the issues that may occur with implants. A chin should be evaluate...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2019.01.002
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the rhytidectomy procedure has evolved over the years, the understanding of facial anatomy and critical examination of results have led to the adoption and modification of the deep plane technique by the senior author. Experience with the deep plane rhytidectomy technique has shown that reliable, safe, and effectiv...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S1064-7406(03)00083-X
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many decades, chemical peeling has played an important role in facial rejuvenation. These procedures are safe and effective in the management of photoaging, scarring, pigmentary dyschromias, and in the destruction of superficial skin lesions. Chemical peels are classified into superficial, medium, and deep accordi...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present an overview of 3D computer-aided design and computer-aided modeling tools available to the facial plastic surgeon. They describe the role of 3D tools in all phases of computer-aided surgery including: data acquisition, planning, surgery, and assessment. Applications of these tools include obtaining...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2011.07.009
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reconstruction of the eyelids is highly complex because of their function and critical role in appearance. Optimal restoration of their form and function depends on a firm understanding of normal eyelid position, the structural support system of the eyelids, and the forces that act to keep the eyelids in precise balan...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2009.04.005
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Facial plastic surgeons need to be very much more than excellent surgeons. They need to understand and have the ability to bring each patient into the practice family of the surgeon, the administrative and clerical staff, the nurses, the technicians, and the aestheticians. The entire staff must "own" the practice and ...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2020.06.001
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mastery of advancement flap design, selection, and execution greatly aids the surgeon in solving reconstructive dilemmas. Advancement flaps involve carefully planned incisions to most efficiently close a primary defect in a linear vector. Advancement flaps are subcategorized as unipedicle, bipedicle, V-to-Y, and Y-t...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2017.03.005
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autologous costal cartilage has been the material of choice for framework in auricular reconstruction. However, the advent of porous high-density polyethylene (Medpor) has provided an effective alternative in microtia repair. A ready-to-use allopastic material, Medpor has distinguished itself from other implants via i...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2006.01.006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies. For many years, surgeons have been attempting to reduce the severity of the deformity before the surgical repair to achieve a better outcome. The nasoalveolar molding technique uses acrylic nasal stents attached to the vestibular shield of an oral mo...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2016.03.004
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the clinical characteristics, histology, biologic behavior, and recommended treatment for several benign and malignant lesions that may arise on the head and neck. Nevus sebaceus and congenital melanocytic nevus are two benign lesions that can present at a size of several centimeters. Surgical exc...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2004.11.006
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An ideal scar is flat, thin, and color matched to the surrounding skin. Incision planning, skin closure, and postoperative care are vital to create an inconspicuous scar. Depressed, hypertrophic, and keloid scars each pose unique challenges to the facial plastic surgeon. Several surgical and nonsurgical options exist ...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2019.07.013
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::As contemporary antiviral therapy provides patients who have HIV effective long-term management of their disease, the prevalence of facial HIV-associated lipoatrophy is increasing. Sculptra (Dermik Laboratories, Berwyn, Pennsylvania) (injectable poly-L-lactic acid) is US Food and Drug Administration approved for the t...
journal_title:Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2006.10.005
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00