Abstract：
:The authors present an overview of 3D computer-aided design and computer-aided modeling tools available to the facial plastic surgeon. They describe the role of 3D tools in all phases of computer-aided surgery including: data acquisition, planning, surgery, and assessment. Applications of these tools include obtaining 3D measurements, using mirror imaging to reconstruct missing areas of the head and neck, and 3D sizing or segmentation of bone and soft tissue. They review of clinical outcomes obtained from studies reviewing 3D tools. These systems have potential value for education, reducing operating room time, and improving clinical outcomes.
journal_name
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Amjournal_title
Facial plastic surgery clinics of North Americaauthors
Markiewicz MR,Bell RBdoi
10.1016/j.fsc.2011.07.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-01 00:00:00pages
655-82, ixissue
4eissn
1064-7406issn
1558-1926pii
S1064-7406(11)00090-3journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The use of energy-based devices as surgical tools during rhytidectomy was introduced in early 2007 to 2008 and occurred when the first fiber laser was approved for laser lipolysis. It became evident that the fiber laser-assisted rhytidectomy could offer several advantages compared with conventional rhytidectomy. The u...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2020.03.006
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male patients are demanding alloplastic facial augmentation with a frequency that is increasing annually. Traditional methods of using small central chin implants and oval malar implants have proven inadequate. A new generation of malar shell and premandible implants has been designed; they produce dramatic and effect...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2007.09.010
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For many decades, chemical peeling has played an important role in facial rejuvenation. These procedures are safe and effective in the management of photoaging, scarring, pigmentary dyschromias, and in the destruction of superficial skin lesions. Chemical peels are classified into superficial, medium, and deep accordi...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Facial plastic surgeons need to be very much more than excellent surgeons. They need to understand and have the ability to bring each patient into the practice family of the surgeon, the administrative and clerical staff, the nurses, the technicians, and the aestheticians. The entire staff must "own" the practice and ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2020.06.001
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article examines 6 questions about lip augmentation answered by 3 experts in their field of facial plastic surgery. The topics covered include high-yield areas such as injection, surgical enhancement, rhytid resurfacing, implants, complications, and technique changes over the years. All the authors answered these...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2017.12.005
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Repair of scalp defects is often challenging, because without careful planning, excision of the defect may leave unsatisfactory cosmesis. Contemporary techniques in hair restoration surgery allow creation of natural and undetectable results, but these techniques are often unsuitable for repairing large scarred areas o...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2013.05.006
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Classic techniques of scar revision in general are ablative and remain the gold standard, although newer nonablative laser therapies, such as the frequency-doubled neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser, can help. Ablative therapies and techniques are examined. ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2004.12.002
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cutaneous injuries that result in scar formation are relatively common, leading patients to seek treatment for cosmetic or functional improvement. Treatments that have the potential to improve or eliminate scarring include radiation therapy, surgical excision, and intralesional injections of corticosteroids, 5-flourou...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2011.06.006
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For many physicians, photodynamic therapy has become a routine part of using lasers and light sources to improve the outcomes of photorejuvenation therapies. Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) was first used in the treatment of actinic keratoses in the United States. It quickly became evident that PDT ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2007.01.003
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A mastery of advancement flap design, selection, and execution greatly aids the surgeon in solving reconstructive dilemmas. Advancement flaps involve carefully planned incisions to most efficiently close a primary defect in a linear vector. Advancement flaps are subcategorized as unipedicle, bipedicle, V-to-Y, and Y-t...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2017.03.005
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognition of the brow as an integral contributor to periocular appearance improves and prolongs results from facial rejuvenation surgery. The approach to the brow and forehead in periocular rejuvenation must be chosen on an individual basis. The approaches discussed require in-depth knowledge of complex forehead and...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2010.04.002
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the rhytidectomy procedure has evolved over the years, the understanding of facial anatomy and critical examination of results have led to the adoption and modification of the deep plane technique by the senior author. Experience with the deep plane rhytidectomy technique has shown that reliable, safe, and effectiv...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S1064-7406(03)00083-X
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frontal sinus fractures account for 5% to 15% of all maxillofacial injuries. Historically, a large percentage of these injuries were treated aggressively because of the long term risk of mucocele formation. This required a coronal incision with the associated surgical sequelae including a large scar, alopecia, and par...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2005.10.003
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Social media has become a rising popular online medium for facilitating the exchange of information and ideas for the purpose of education and networking, especially in the realm of plastic surgeon. It is important for facial plastic surgeons in private practice to recognize the influence of and engagement in social m...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2020.07.002
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because modern facelift patients desire a less-invasive approach or minimally invasive approach to reduce visible scarring and decrease the recovery phase, achieving the surgeon's goal of optimal, reliable, and long-term aesthetic results with few complications becomes a challenge. The authors use the terms minimal ac...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2013.02.002
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tessier's classification system for rare craniofacial clefts remains the most widely used today. It denotes the position of the cleft process in a schema based around the orbit, and facilitates communication between surgeons regarding these complicated conditions. Tessier's classification is reviewed in detail, and a ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2016.06.013
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An otherwise attractive nose can be diminished aesthetically if the relationship of the nostril border and ala to the columella is not refined and proportional. Compared with other aspects of rhinoplasty, there has been little attention devoted to the proper diagnosis and treatment of alar columellar disproportion. Th...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2006.06.015
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reconstruction of nasal tip and columella defects is demanding area with a range of reconstructive options, varying in complexity depending on requirements from simple skin grafting to multiple stage reconstruction with regional flaps. A framework is suggested to aid the reader in choice of reconstruction by classifyi...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2010.10.012
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term Asian refers to East Asians of the Pacific Rim who share not only a common heritage and skin type but also the same set of clinical skin problems. Pigmentation of the skin is often considered the number one esthetic skin concern in Asians. Asians idealize unblemished complexion of facial skin and are less tol...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2011.05.008
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chin reshaping can provide a more identifiable female appearance for transitioning male to female patients undergoing facial feminization. The "sliding" genioplasty has the most potential for dramatically reshaping the chin, while also avoiding many of the issues that may occur with implants. A chin should be evaluate...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2019.01.002
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We are in the midst of truly changing times, as patients of African descent actively embrace facial cosmetic surgery. Gaining surgical consistency in patients of African descent has proven to be elusive and unpredictable for many rhinoplasty surgeons. Surgical success relies on the surgeon's ability precisely to ident...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2009.11.012
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The population of the United States is becoming increasingly more diverse as there is an ever expanding influx of various ethnic groups and races that comprise the general population. As a result, the singular concept of Nordic beauty that dominated the United States media throughout the middle of the twentieth centur...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2009.11.005
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reconstruction of complex full-thickness nasal defects requires the reconstitution of the mucous internal nasal lining, the cartilaginous framework, and the aesthetic contour of the cutaneous nasal covering. Goals of reconstruction include restoration of a functional nasal airway and redefinition of the contours of th...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2010.10.007
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporalis muscle tendon unit (MTU) transfer may be used as a single-stage procedure for dynamic reanimation of the paralyzed face. Principles and biomechanics of muscle function and tendon transposition are essential in optimizing outcome. Critical steps and pearls for success include minimizing scarring, maintaining...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2015.09.004
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Facial plastic surgeons have a comprehensive understanding of the challenges that patients with cleft lip and palate encounter in form and function. Because there are areas in the United States where access to cleft care is limited, opportunities exist for facial plastic surgeons to develop cleft teams to provide grea...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2014.08.001
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autologous costal cartilage has been the material of choice for framework in auricular reconstruction. However, the advent of porous high-density polyethylene (Medpor) has provided an effective alternative in microtia repair. A ready-to-use allopastic material, Medpor has distinguished itself from other implants via i...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2006.01.006
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Middle-aged men represent an emerging group expressing an interest in facial rejuvenation procedures. One must understand the complex differences in motivation, psychosocial factors, and aspects associated with anatomy and facial aging that are unique to men. To maximize postoperative results and increase patient sati...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2005.05.001
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brow position is determined by a dynamic interaction between depressor and elevator muscles. Botulinum toxin may be used to temporarily alter this equilibrium to result in a change in brow position. Knowledge of the anatomy of the brow depressors and elevators allows selective treatment of these muscles to effect a ch...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S1064-7406(03)00072-5
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies. For many years, surgeons have been attempting to reduce the severity of the deformity before the surgical repair to achieve a better outcome. The nasoalveolar molding technique uses acrylic nasal stents attached to the vestibular shield of an oral mo...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2016.03.004
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Facial analysis is an integral part of the surgical planning process. Clinical photography has long been an invaluable tool in the surgeon's practice not only for accurate facial analysis but also for enhancing communication between the patient and surgeon, for evaluating postoperative results, for medicolegal documen...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2010.01.010
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
