Abstract：
:The term Asian refers to East Asians of the Pacific Rim who share not only a common heritage and skin type but also the same set of clinical skin problems. Pigmentation of the skin is often considered the number one esthetic skin concern in Asians. Asians idealize unblemished complexion of facial skin and are less tolerant to facial dyschromia than White. The problems of ephelides (freckles), nevi of Ota, and melasma are common and difficult to treat. This article reviews laser treatment of pigmented lesions in Asians.
journal_name
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Amjournal_title
Facial plastic surgery clinics of North Americaauthors
Wong JKdoi
10.1016/j.fsc.2011.05.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-05-01 00:00:00pages
417-22issue
2eissn
1064-7406issn
1558-1926pii
S1064-7406(11)00015-0journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies. For many years, surgeons have been attempting to reduce the severity of the deformity before the surgical repair to achieve a better outcome. The nasoalveolar molding technique uses acrylic nasal stents attached to the vestibular shield of an oral mo...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2016.03.004
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The impact of male hair loss as a personal and social marker of aging is tremendous and its persistence as a human concern throughout recorded history places it in the forefront of male concern about the physical signs of aging. Restoration of the frontal hairline has the visual effect of re-establishing facial symmet...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2008.04.002
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern cosmetic medicine requires accurate recognition of all types of rhytids and their molecular causes such that treatments may be tailored for improving skin appearance for each unique patient. This article examines the causes and treatment of fine rhytids. Laser rejuvenation therapies that affect the epidermis, d...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2011.05.006
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding nasal anatomy and physiology are the most important points for successful functional rhinoplasty. Anatomic structures playing major roles in nasal breathing functions include the septum, and internal and external nasal valves, so physical examination of these regions is essential. Planning for functional...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2016.12.004
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A mastery of advancement flap design, selection, and execution greatly aids the surgeon in solving reconstructive dilemmas. Advancement flaps involve carefully planned incisions to most efficiently close a primary defect in a linear vector. Advancement flaps are subcategorized as unipedicle, bipedicle, V-to-Y, and Y-t...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2017.03.005
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Minimally invasive procedures have become an extremely important component of a facial cosmetic surgery practice. This article describes a new radiofrequency device that tightens soft tissue without ablating the skin. The net result of this is a noninvasive brow lift, facelift, or neck lift. This modality does not rep...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2004.02.007
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents strategies for advertising the medical practice. The emphasis is on breaking out of the old rules of how one should advertise and delves into asking questions that lead to a true strategy unique to one's medical practice and offerings. The article discusses the myriad ways to think about and crea...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2010.06.007
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognition of the brow as an integral contributor to periocular appearance improves and prolongs results from facial rejuvenation surgery. The approach to the brow and forehead in periocular rejuvenation must be chosen on an individual basis. The approaches discussed require in-depth knowledge of complex forehead and...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2010.04.002
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Facial plastic surgeons have a comprehensive understanding of the challenges that patients with cleft lip and palate encounter in form and function. Because there are areas in the United States where access to cleft care is limited, opportunities exist for facial plastic surgeons to develop cleft teams to provide grea...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2014.08.001
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early facial rejuvenation focused largely on the upper and lower thirds of the face. More recently, improvements in understanding of midfacial aging and anatomy have paralleled the development of endoscopic and minimally invasive surgical techniques. The midface is now understood to include both the lower lid subunit ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2015.01.006
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For decades, chemical peels have remained a trusted option for treatment of aging facial skin. However, emerging technologies are being adopted by many practitioners who may not have had sufficient opportunity to learn the art of chemical peeling. Properly performed peels can improve the condition of the skin, are les...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2012.02.008
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The short nose deformity is a complex entity with diverse causes and variable characteristics. This article divides shortening into anterior and pan-nose shortening as well as mild, moderate, or severe. Mild anterior shortening can be corrected with shield grafting, whereas moderate to severe shortening can be correct...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2014.09.006
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reconstruction of nasal tip and columella defects is demanding area with a range of reconstructive options, varying in complexity depending on requirements from simple skin grafting to multiple stage reconstruction with regional flaps. A framework is suggested to aid the reader in choice of reconstruction by classifyi...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2010.10.012
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pediatric maxillofacial fractures are rare owing to anatomic differences between juvenile and adult skulls. Children's bone is less calcified, allowing for "greenstick fractures." The overall ratio of cranial to facial volume decreases with age. In children, tooth buds comprise the majority of mandibular volume. The m...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2017.06.009
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For many physicians, photodynamic therapy has become a routine part of using lasers and light sources to improve the outcomes of photorejuvenation therapies. Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) was first used in the treatment of actinic keratoses in the United States. It quickly became evident that PDT ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2007.01.003
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As contemporary antiviral therapy provides patients who have HIV effective long-term management of their disease, the prevalence of facial HIV-associated lipoatrophy is increasing. Sculptra (Dermik Laboratories, Berwyn, Pennsylvania) (injectable poly-L-lactic acid) is US Food and Drug Administration approved for the t...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2006.10.005
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the rhytidectomy procedure has evolved over the years, the understanding of facial anatomy and critical examination of results have led to the adoption and modification of the deep plane technique by the senior author. Experience with the deep plane rhytidectomy technique has shown that reliable, safe, and effectiv...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S1064-7406(03)00083-X
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cosmetic surgeon must be familiar with the evaluation and management of the ptotic eyelid. A small amount of unrecognized preoperative eyelid ptosis can seem obtrusive if it is unmasked after blepharoplasty. As such, ptosis repair is an important adjunctive procedure in cosmetic eyelid surgery. This article descri...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2005.06.005
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides an overview of the current state of the art of facial reanimation using the best available evidence. Medical, surgical, and physical therapy options in acute and long-standing facial palsy are discussed. ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2015.04.005
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides an overview of current therapies for photodamaged facial skin and their efficacy, with particular focus on studies that use the objective, quantitative evaluation methods discussed in the previous article. The role of topically applied agents including prescription drugs and cosmetics is discusse...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2012.10.004
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Botulinum toxin A treatment continues to increase in popularity and number. Many more patients are undergoing cosmetic Botox procedures and many, diverse practitioners are providing them. The best results are obtained from a careful history and physical examination of the patient combined with a detailed understanding...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2006.12.003
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article, although not exhaustive, highlights the most common congenital anomalies of the neck. The diagnostic possibilities for a neck mass are extensive, and congenital malformations account for a minority of neck masses. The misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment of a neck mass may have serious consequences f...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age is the most significant factor contributing to the overall change in the appearance of an individual's facial features over time. The purpose of any cosmetic procedure is to reverse the aging process that has occurred in an individual. During the last 5 years, volume restoration through lipotransfer combined with ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2008.05.006
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For many decades, chemical peeling has played an important role in facial rejuvenation. These procedures are safe and effective in the management of photoaging, scarring, pigmentary dyschromias, and in the destruction of superficial skin lesions. Chemical peels are classified into superficial, medium, and deep accordi...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of commercially available injectable soft tissue fillers has increased dramatically worldwide over the past decade. In the United States, a variety of temporary non-collagen-based fillers have been approved. However, no permanent soft tissue injectable fillers are currently approved by the US Food and Drug ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2007.02.006
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article discusses autologous cell therapy for wrinkles in the face. Autologous fibroblast therapy is compared with dermal fillers. Study outcomes of LaViv are detailed, including a summary of adverse events. The technique for injection of autologous cells is described in addition to the duration of effect of trea...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2013.02.008
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An ideal scar is flat, thin, and color matched to the surrounding skin. Incision planning, skin closure, and postoperative care are vital to create an inconspicuous scar. Depressed, hypertrophic, and keloid scars each pose unique challenges to the facial plastic surgeon. Several surgical and nonsurgical options exist ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2019.07.013
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In general, the aging process of the face is a process of atrophy, most noticeable in the perioral region. This article discusses rejuvenation of the perioral region, including fillers, surgery, and facial resurfacing, as correction for this process. Detailed techniques for each of the approaches are outlined. Composi...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2007.08.008
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reconstruction of complex full-thickness nasal defects requires the reconstitution of the mucous internal nasal lining, the cartilaginous framework, and the aesthetic contour of the cutaneous nasal covering. Goals of reconstruction include restoration of a functional nasal airway and redefinition of the contours of th...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2010.10.007
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current state of the applicability of cell therapy for the treatment of various conditions of hair loss reveals a promising and potentially effective role. Further research, based on published work to date, is indicated to further explore the potential roles of autologous fat grafting, mesenchymal stem cells, and ...
journal_title：Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.fsc.2018.06.010
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
