Acridine Derivatives as Inhibitors of the IRE1α-XBP1 Pathway Are Cytotoxic to Human Multiple Myeloma.

Abstract:

:Using a luciferase reporter-based high-throughput chemical library screen and topological data analysis, we identified N-acridine-9-yl-N',N'-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine (DAPA) as an inhibitor of the inositol requiring kinase 1α (IRE1α)-X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1) pathway of the unfolded protein response. We designed a collection of analogues based on the structure of DAPA to explore structure-activity relationships and identified N(9)-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N(3),N(3),N(6),N(6)-tetramethylacridine-3,6,9-triamine (3,6-DMAD), with 3,6-dimethylamino substitution on the chromophore, as a potent inhibitor. 3,6-DMAD inhibited both IRE1α oligomerization and in vitro endoribonuclease (RNase) activity, whereas the other analogues only blocked IRE1α oligomerization. Consistent with the inhibition of IRE1α-mediated XBP1 splicing, which is critical for multiple myeloma cell survival, these analogues were cytotoxic to multiple myeloma cell lines. Furthermore, 3,6-DMAD inhibited XBP1 splicing in vivo and the growth of multiple myeloma tumor xenografts. Our study not only confirmed the utilization of topological data analysis in drug discovery but also identified a class of compounds with a unique mechanism of action as potent IRE1α-XBP1 inhibitors in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2055-65. ©2016 AACR.

journal_name

Mol Cancer Ther

authors

Jiang D,Tam AB,Alagappan M,Hay MP,Gupta A,Kozak MM,Solow-Cordero DE,Lum PY,Denko NC,Giaccia AJ,Le QT,Niwa M,Koong AC

doi

10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-15-1023

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-09-01 00:00:00

pages

2055-65

issue

9

eissn

1535-7163

issn

1538-8514

pii

1535-7163.MCT-15-1023

journal_volume

15

pub_type

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