Induction of autoimmune disease by deletion of CTLA-4 in mice in adulthood.

abstract：:The scaling of respiratory metabolism with body mass is one of the most pervasive phenomena in biology. Using a single allometric equation to characterize empirical scaling relationships and to evaluate alternative hypotheses about mechanisms has been controversial. We developed a method to directly measure respiratio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mori S,Yamaji K,Ishida A,Prokushkin SG,Masyagina OV,Hagihara A,Hoque AT,Suwa R,Osawa A,Nishizono T,Ueda T,Kinjo M,Miyagi T,Kajimoto T,Koike T,Matsuura Y,Toma T,Zyryanova OA,Abaimov AP,Awaya Y,Araki MG,Kawasaki T

更新日期：2010-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The androgen receptor (AR) binds to androgen response elements and regulates target genes via a mechanism involving coregulators. Here we demonstrate that the AR can interact with the testicular orphan receptor-4 (TR4) and function as a repressor to down-regulate the TR4 target genes by preventing the TR4 binding to i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee YF,Shyr CR,Thin TH,Lin WJ,Chang C

更新日期：1999-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A synchronized heart beat is controlled by pacemaking impulses conducted through Purkinje fibers. In chicks, these impulse-conducting cells are recruited during embryogenesis from myocytes in direct association with developing coronary arteries. In culture, the vascular cytokine endothelin converts embryonic myocytes ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hyer J,Johansen M,Prasad A,Wessels A,Kirby ML,Gourdie RG,Mikawa T

更新日期：1999-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:p150(glued) belongs to a group of proteins accumulating at microtubule plus ends (+TIPs). It plays a key role in initiating retrograde transport by recruiting and tethering endosomes and dynein to microtubules. p150(glued) contains an N-terminal microtubule-binding cytoskeleton-associated protein glycine-rich (CAP-Gly...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Q,Crevenna AH,Kunze I,Mizuno N

更新日期：2014-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous reconstructions of marine fishing fleets have aggregated data without regard to the artisanal and industrial sectors. Engine power has often been estimated from subsets of the developed world, leading to inflated results. We disaggregated data into three sectors, artisanal (unpowered/powered) and industrial, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rousseau Y,Watson RA,Blanchard JL,Fulton EA

更新日期：2019-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a method for predicting the structure of alpha beta class proteins in the absence of information from homologous structures. The method is based on an associative memory model for short to intermediate range in sequence contacts and a contact potential for long range in sequence contacts. The coefficients ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hardin C,Eastwood MP,Prentiss MC,Luthey-Schulten Z,Wolynes PG

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Rod-shaped "ghosts" that are free of murein have been isolated from E. coli. The shape of these "ghosts" is maintained by a unit membrane soluble in sodium dodecyl sulfate. Ghosts consist of about 20-30% phospholipid (almost exclusively phosphatidylethanolamine) and 50-60% protein; a large fraction of the remaining ma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Henning U,Rehn K,Hoehn B

更新日期：1973-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human Melan-A/MART-1 gene encodes an HLA-A2-restricted peptide epitope recognized by melanoma-reactive CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Here we report that this gene also encodes at least one HLA-DR4-presented peptide recognized by CD4(+) T cells. The Melan-A/MART-1(51-73) peptide was able to induce the in vitro ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zarour HM,Kirkwood JM,Kierstead LS,Herr W,Brusic V,Slingluff CL Jr,Sidney J,Sette A,Storkus WJ

更新日期：2000-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of the tumor suppressor, PTEN, is one of the most common findings in prostate cancer (PCa). This loss leads to overactive Akt signaling, which is correlated with increased metastasis and androgen independence. However, another tumor suppressor, inositol-polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B), can partially ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chaurasiya S,Wu W,Strom AM,Warner M,Gustafsson JÅ

更新日期：2020-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of epigenetic alterations in mediating effects of estrogens on memory is unknown. The present study determined whether histone acetylation and DNA methylation are critical for the potent estrogen 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) to enhance object recognition memory. We show that dorsal hippocampal E(2) infusion...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao Z,Fan L,Frick KM

更新日期：2010-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulinomas are pancreatic islet tumors that inappropriately secrete insulin, producing hypoglycemia. Exome and targeted sequencing revealed that 14 of 43 insulinomas harbored the identical somatic mutation in the DNA-binding zinc finger of the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1). Chromatin immunoprecipitation seque...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cromer MK,Choi M,Nelson-Williams C,Fonseca AL,Kunstman JW,Korah RM,Overton JD,Mane S,Kenney B,Malchoff CD,Stalberg P,Akerström G,Westin G,Hellman P,Carling T,Björklund P,Lifton RP

更新日期：2015-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathologic ocular neovascularization commonly causes blindness. It is critical to identify the factors altered in pathologically proliferating versus normally quiescent vessels to develop effective targeted therapeutics. MicroRNAs regulate both physiological and pathological angiogenesis through modulating expression ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu CH,Sun Y,Li J,Gong Y,Tian KT,Evans LP,Morss PC,Fredrick TW,Saba NJ,Chen J

更新日期：2015-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The design principles of spider dragline silk, nature's high-performance fiber, are still largely unknown, in particular for the noncrystalline glycine-rich domains, which form the bulk of the material. Here we apply two-dimensional solid-state NMR to determine the distribution of the backbone torsion angles (phi,psi)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Beek JD,Hess S,Vollrath F,Meier BH

更新日期：2002-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate whether caveolin-1 (cav-1) may modulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) function in intact cells, the human intestinal carcinoma cell lines HT29 and DLD1 that have low endogenous cav-1 levels were transfected with cav-1 cDNA. In nontransfected cells, iNOS mRNA and protein levels were increased by...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Felley-Bosco E,Bender FC,Courjault-Gautier F,Bron C,Quest AF

更新日期：2000-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of the sphenopalatine ganglion in normal cats revealed that virtually all ganglion cells (98.5%) were immunoreactive to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). After surgical removal of this ganglion, the content of both VIP and choline acetyltransferase (acetyl-CoA:choline O...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lundberg JM,Anggård A,Emson P,Fahrenkrug J,Hökfelt T

更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of osteoclastic cell lines would greatly facilitate analysis of the cellular and molecular biology of bone resorption. Several cell lines have previously been reported to be capable of osteoclastic differentiation. However, such cell lines form at best only occasional excavations, suggesting that osteo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chambers TJ,Owens JM,Hattersley G,Jat PS,Noble MD

更新日期：1993-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Improper function of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs), obligatory membrane proteins for bioelectrical signaling, has been linked to a number of human pathologies. Small-molecule agents that target NaVs hold considerable promise for treatment of chronic disease. Absent a comprehensive understanding of channel struc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thomas-Tran R,Du Bois J

更新日期：2016-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:During sporulation of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, transcription of genes encoding spore coat proteins in the mother-cell compartment of the sporangium is controlled by RNA polymerase containing the sigma subunit called sigma K. Based on comparison of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of sigma K wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu S,Halberg R,Kroos L

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structural requirements of E. coli formylmethionine tRNA for aminoacylation have been examined by chemical modification of the tRNA, followed by separation of the modified molecules into active and inactive components. Photooxidation of tRNA(fMet) at 50 degrees in the presence of methylene blue results in modifica...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schulman LH

更新日期：1972-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cells exhibit periodic transient increases in cytosolic calcium levels rather than a sustained rise when stimulated by a hormone or growth factor. We propose here a molecular model that accounts for periodic calcium spiking induced by a constant stimulus. Four elements give rise to repetitive calcium transients: ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meyer T,Stryer L

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytoplasmic Myc protein (c-Myc) regulates various human genes and is dysregulated in many human cancers. Phosphorylation mediates the protein activation of c-Myc and is essential for the function of this transcription factor in normal cell behavior and tumor growth. To date, however, the targeting of Myc as a ther...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fan-Minogue H,Cao Z,Paulmurugan R,Chan CT,Massoud TF,Felsher DW,Gambhir SS

更新日期：2010-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a low stringency polymerase chain reaction (LSPCR) to isolate the unknown neighboring region around a known DNA sequence, thus allowing efficient targeted gene walking. The method involves the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a single primer under conditions of low stringency for primer annealing...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malo MS,Srivastava K,Andresen JM,Chen XN,Korenberg JR,Ingram VM

更新日期：1994-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are common vascular malformations, which may result in hemorrhagic strokes and neurological deficits. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Notch signaling are both involved in the development of cerebral AVMs, but the cross-talk between the two signaling pathways is poorly u...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yao Y,Yao J,Radparvar M,Blazquez-Medela AM,Guihard PJ,Jumabay M,Boström KI

更新日期：2013-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulation of catecholamine release was studied in the isolated adrenal of the cat during retrograde perfusion. Theophylline, adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP), and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP stimulated catecholamine release in adrenal chromaffin tissue; adenosine, 2'-AMP, 3'-AMP, and 5'-AMP were ineffectiv...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Peach MJ

更新日期：1972-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While cells within tissues generate and sense 3D states of strain, the current understanding of the mechanics of fibrous extracellular matrices (ECMs) stems mainly from uniaxial, biaxial, and shear tests. Here, we demonstrate that the multiaxial deformations of fiber networks in 3D cannot be inferred solely based on t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ban E,Wang H,Franklin JM,Liphardt JT,Janmey PA,Shenoy VB

更新日期：2019-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Before fertilization, vertebrate eggs are arrested in meiosis II by cytostatic factor (CSF), which holds the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) in an inactive state. It was recently reported that Mos, an integral component of CSF, acts in part by promoting the Rsk-mediated phosphorylation of the APC inhibitor Emi2/Erp1....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu JQ,Hansen DV,Guo Y,Wang MZ,Tang W,Freel CD,Tung JJ,Jackson PK,Kornbluth S

更新日期：2007-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the basis for T-cell-specific induction of interleukin 2 (IL-2), we have analyzed nuclear factors from the Jurkat T-lymphoid leukemia cell, which can be induced to secrete IL-2. We have used an electrophoretic mobility shift assay to examine binding of proteins to the upstream regulatory region, before a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nabel GJ,Gorka C,Baltimore D

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cumulative distributions of the number of doublings undergone by mixed megakaryocytic/erythroblastic colonies and by pure megakaryocytic colonies were determined from plasma clot cultures of bone marrow (from C57BL/6 mice) supplemented with erythropoietin. Analysis of these distributions suggests that these colonies a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paulus JM,Prenant M,Deschamps JF,Henry-Amar M

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a comprehensive cartography of selective responses to visual letters and words in the human ventral occipito-temporal cortex (VOTC) with direct neural recordings, clarifying key aspects of the neural basis of reading. Intracerebral recordings were performed in a large group of patients (n = 37) presented wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lochy A,Jacques C,Maillard L,Colnat-Coulbois S,Rossion B,Jonas J

更新日期：2018-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein misfolding and aggregation cause serious degenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson, and prion diseases. Damage to membranes is thought to be one of the mechanisms underlying cellular toxicity of a range of amyloid assemblies. Previous studies have indicated that amyloid fibrils can cause membrane ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milanesi L,Sheynis T,Xue WF,Orlova EV,Hellewell AL,Jelinek R,Hewitt EW,Radford SE,Saibil HR

更新日期：2012-12-11 00:00:00