Botulinum Toxin in the Treatment of Pediatric Upper Limb Spasticity.

Abstract:

:Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is one of the mainstays in the treatment of pediatric spasticity and dystonia. When considering initiation of BoNT treatment for spasticity, treatment goals and responses to prior conservative measures such as passive range of motion exercises, splinting, and other medication trials should be reviewed. As a general rule, children should be engaged in therapy services around the time of the injections and have a robust home program in place. When managing spasticity in children with BoNT injections, the practitioner should be well versed in functional anatomy with specialized training in injection techniques. Localization techniques in addition to anatomical landmarks are recommended for improved efficacy and include limited electromyography, electrical stimulation, and/or ultrasound guidance. A follow-up visit for the purpose of reassessment during the peak effect of the drug is advised. It is known that BoNT is effective at reducing spasticity and improving range of motion, but it remains to be determined to what degree this translates into improved function, activity, and participation.

journal_name

Semin Plast Surg

authors

Schwabe AL

doi

10.1055/s-0036-1571302

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-02-01 00:00:00

pages

24-8

issue

1

eissn

1535-2188

issn

1536-0067

pii

01081

journal_volume

30

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Vascular malformations: a review.

    abstract::Identification and treatment of vascular malformations is a challenging endeavor for physicians, especially given the great concern and anxiety created for patients and their families. The goal of this article is to provide a review of vascular malformations, organized by subtype, including capillary, venous, lymphati...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376263

    authors: Cox JA,Bartlett E,Lee EI

    更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00

  • Rehabilitation strategies for facial nerve injuries.

    abstract::Many treatment techniques, including exercise, electrical stimulation, biofeedback, and neuromuscular retraining, have been described for the treatment of patients with facial paresis. The degree of nerve injury determines the recovery of the facial muscles. Patients with a Sunderland third-degree injury benefit most ...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-2004-823123

    authors: Novak CB

    更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00

  • Velopharyngeal dysfunction.

    abstract::Velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) is a generic term which describes a set of disorders resulting in the leakage of air into the nasal passages during speech production. As a result, speech samples can demonstrate hypernasality, nasal emissions, and poor intelligibility. The finding of VPD can be secondary to several ca...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0033-1333882

    authors: Woo AS

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • Chest wall reconstruction and advanced disease.

    abstract::Clinical experience supports a role for palliative procedures in patients with locally advanced or recurrent breast cancer, yet numerous challenges are entailed in both the extirpation and reconstruction of the chest wall in these cases. The defects may be profound and complicated by prior surgery, radiation therapy, ...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-2004-829046

    authors: Beahm EK,Chang DW

    更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00

  • Aesthetic surgery of the male genitalia.

    abstract::Appearance of the male genitalia is linked with self-esteem and sexual identity. Aesthetic surgery of the male genitalia serves to correct perceived deficiencies as well as physical deformities, which may cause psychological distress. Attention to patient motivation for surgery and to surgical technique is key to achi...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0031-1281488

    authors: Alter GJ,Salgado CJ,Chim H

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Revision Surgery of the Cleft Palate.

    abstract::Cleft palate repairs often require secondary surgeries and/or revisions for a variety of reasons. The most common causes are symptomatic oronasal fistulas and velopharyngeal insufficiency. Complications from primary surgery, such as wound dehiscence, infection, and hematomas, contribute to the relatively high rate of ...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0040-1709429

    authors: Hu S,Levinson J,Rousso JJ

    更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00

  • Lateral Abdominal Wall Reconstruction.

    abstract::Lateral abdominal wall defects, while rare, present a more challenging problem than commonly encountered ventral defects due to the complexity of the anatomy, physiologic forces, and impact of muscle denervation. The lateral abdominal wall encompasses a large surface area ranging from the costal margin superiorly to t...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0038-1666801

    authors: Kapur SK,Butler CE

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • Who is qualified to perform laser surgery and in what setting?

    abstract::Laser and light procedures are commonly delegated to nonphysician providers. The purpose of this report is (1) to summarize the factors that determine how such delegation may occur, (2) to analyze the potential pitfalls and problems associated with delegation, and (3) to propose alternative approaches that may improve...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-2007-991187

    authors: Alam M

    更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00

  • Fractional carbon dioxide laser resurfacing.

    abstract::Currently available ablative fractional CO2 lasers provide excellent results and diminish down time with fewer complications than previous generation CO2 lasers. Mechanisms of action, treatment parameters, as well as pre- and postoperative care will be discussed. ...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0032-1329414

    authors: Ramsdell WM

    更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00

  • Nuances of the Composite Face-lift Technique.

    abstract::The composite face-lift is a well-described, comprehensive facial rejuvenation technique that results in harmonious repositioning of all components of the aging face. It is distinguished by the superior-medial movement of the cheek and the septal reset maneuver. The composite rhytidectomy reverses the unbalanced vecto...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0029-1242183

    authors: Choucair RJ,Hamra ST

    更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00

  • Aesthetic surgery of the female genitalia.

    abstract::Aesthetic genital surgery seems to have become a fashionable issue nowadays. Many procedures and techniques have been described these last years, but very few long-term results or follow up studies are available. The novelty of this aspect of plastic surgery and the lack of evidence-based interventions, have led to a ...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0031-1281482

    authors: Dobbeleir JM,Landuyt KV,Monstrey SJ

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Complications of head and neck reconstruction and their treatment.

    abstract::Head and neck reconstruction is an intensive multistep process that requires attention to detail to achieve a successful result. The knowledge and prevention of complications as well as their management is an essential part of the training of the surgeon participating in head and neck reconstruction. This article expl...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0030-1263070

    authors: Tan BK,Por YC,Chen HC

    更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00

  • Lymphovenous Anastomosis Bypass Surgery.

    abstract::The field of lymphedema surgery has witnessed tremendous advancements over the years and has been coupled to the rapid growth of supermicrosurgical techniques. A lymphovenous bypass or lymphaticovenular anastomosis is a new technique that requires identification of patent, residual lymphatic channels and performing an...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0038-1636510

    authors: Chang EI,Skoracki RJ,Chang DW

    更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00

  • Milestones of Asian Rhinoplasty.

    abstract::The field of plastic surgery originally developed out of the necessity to reconstruct the human body after the destruction of war. However, injured soldiers were not the only people who desired a change in appearance. After World War II, many people in Asian countries sought to attain a more Western look through surge...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0035-1564821

    authors: Fakhro A,Wagner RD,Kim YK,Nguyen AH

    更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00

  • Update on Postsurgical Scar Management.

    abstract::Postoperative scar appearance is often a significant concern among patients, with many seeking advice from their surgeons regarding scar minimization. Numerous products are available that claim to decrease postoperative scar formation and improve wound healing. These products attempt to create an ideal environment for...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0036-1584824

    authors: Commander SJ,Chamata E,Cox J,Dickey RM,Lee EI

    更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00

  • Introduction to "Propeller Flaps".

    abstract::The editors of this issue of Seminars in Plastic Surgery dedicated to propeller flaps met in 2009 at the "1st Tokyo Meeting on Perforator and Propeller Flaps." On that occasion, as part of the advisory panel of the meeting, they contributed to the definition and classification of these flaps. Since then, several evolu...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0040-1715156

    authors: Pignatti M,Hallock GG

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • The Protruding Ear: Cosmetic and Reconstruction.

    abstract::Ear prominence is a relatively common cosmetic deformity with no associated functional deficits, but with profound psychosocial impact, especially in young patients. Protruding ears in children have propagated surgical advances that incorporate reconstructive techniques. Here we outline a systematic framework to evalu...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0037-1604241

    authors: Ali K,Meaike JD,Maricevich RS,Olshinka A

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Propeller Flaps for Hand and Digit Reconstruction.

    abstract::The reconstruction of soft tissue defects of the hand, as seen often after trauma or tumor excision, is a challenge due to the great differentiation of tissues depending on the hand area involved. The classical intrinsic "workhorse flaps" of the hand are associated with a significant donor-site morbidity. Capturing pe...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0040-1715155

    authors: Tos P,Crosio A,Pugliese P,Georgescu AV

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy.

    abstract::The bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is an indispensable tool in the correction of dentofacial abnormalities. The technique has been in practice since the late 1800s, but did not reach widespread acceptance and use until several modifications were described in the 1960s and 1970s. Those modifications came from a des...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0033-1357111

    authors: Monson LA

    更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00

  • Deploying Your Telehealth Platform.

    abstract::Telemedicine is a burgeoning industry with potential to enhance patient care and physician outreach. A review of the current literature and legislative laws was conducted along with knowledge from the experience gathered at starting a telehealth platform at Texas Children's Hospital to find the necessary steps for sta...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0038-1672150

    authors: Jalalabadi F,Izaddoost SA,Guillen DE,Fordis CM Jr,Reece EM

    更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00

  • Midline Craniofacial Masses in Children.

    abstract::Nasal dermoids, encephaloceles, and gliomas are rare congenital lesions that result from improper embryologic development. The differentiation between them and a firm understanding of their pathology is necessary to avoid unnecessary complications. In view of their potential intracranial connection, prompt diagnosis a...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0036-1593482

    authors: Van Wyhe RD,Chamata ES,Hollier LH

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • Technical considerations and outcomes in penile replantation.

    abstract::Penile amputations are uncommon injuries, therefore, the management and outcome of these patients have been compiled from solitary case studies or short reviews. Accidental trauma during circumcision, injury inflicted by a partner following marital discord, and genital self-mutilation observed in patients with deep ps...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0033-1360588

    authors: Biswas G

    更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00

  • Free Flap Reconstruction of the Maxilla.

    abstract::Tumors of the maxilla and midface are some of the most difficult to manage, not only in terms of treatment but also in terms of achieving acceptable orofacial reconstruction. Today, free flaps dominate the reconstructive field. Many patients can achieve successful reconstruction after free flap transfer with a return ...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0039-1677701

    authors: Vincent A,Burkes J,Williams F,Ducic Y

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • Applications of Fat Grafting in Pediatric Patients.

    abstract::Autologous fat grafting has become a widely utilized technique for a variety of cosmetic and reconstructive procedures. Its potential for volume restoration and tissue regeneration has made it a popular method for treating soft tissue defects in both adult and pediatric populations. While autologous fat grafting in th...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0039-3402517

    authors: Shih L,Abu-Ghname A,Davis MJ,Xue AS,Dempsey RF,Buchanan EP

    更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00

  • Treatment of Infected Facial Implants.

    abstract::Alloplastic facial implants have a wide range of uses to achieve the appropriate facial contour. A variety of materials such as metals, polymers, ceramics and synthetic injectable fillers are available to the reconstructive and aesthetic surgeon. Besides choosing the right surgical technique and the adequate material,...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0036-1580727

    authors: Mohan K,Cox JA,Dickey RM,Gravina P,Echo A,Izaddoost SA,Nguyen AH

    更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00

  • Oriental upper blepharoplasty.

    abstract::Aesthetic surgery of the upper eyelids is a very common procedure performed in cosmetic practices around the world. The word blepharoplasty, however, has a different meaning in Asia than it does elsewhere. Orientals have different periorbital anatomic characteristics, their motivations for seeking eyelid treatment are...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0028-1110096

    authors: Weng CJ

    更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Radiographic imaging in osteomyelitis: the role of plain radiography, computed tomography, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and scintigraphy.

    abstract::The diagnostic imaging of osteomyelitis can require the combination of diverse imaging techniques for an accurate diagnosis. Conventional radiography should always be the first imaging modality to start with, as it provides an overview of the anatomy and the pathologic conditions of the bone and soft tissues of the re...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0029-1214160

    authors: Pineda C,Espinosa R,Pena A

    更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00

  • Skin care in ethnic populations.

    abstract::Use of over-the-counter cosmetics, approaches to hygiene, and many basic dermatologic principles differ between individuals with Caucasian skin and ethnic skin. Still, comparatively few publications highlight these variations or discuss appropriate management. Among many ethnic patients, issues related to skin hydrati...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-0029-1224795

    authors: Cole PD,Hatef DA,Taylor S,Bullocks JM

    更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00

  • Thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

    abstract::Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is usually diagnosed clinically. Early presentation of TAO such as ocular irritation, lid puffiness, and mild retraction may be overlooked and misdiagnosed. Careful clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations, and orbital imaging studies are needed for diagnosing early TAO. Know...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1055/s-2007-967751

    authors: Alsuhaibani AH,Nerad JA

    更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00

  • The Nonprofit Sector: Navigating its Waters from a Surgery Vantage.

    abstract::The nonprofit sector is a vibrant, dynamic, and expanding portion of the United States' economy. Its growth over the past two decades has opened up many avenues for entrepreneurs wishing to create corporations that are community- and need-driven, particularly in the health services industry. The fertility of this sect...

    journal_title:Seminars in plastic surgery

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1055/s-0038-1672209

    authors: Singh A,Jalalabadi F,Hollier P,Reece EM,Hollier LH Jr

    更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00