Abstract:
IMPORTANCE:Studies have shown that the scientific literature has overestimated the efficacy of antidepressants for depression, but other indications for these drugs have not been considered. OBJECTIVE:To examine reporting biases in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials on the pharmacologic treatment of anxiety disorders and quantify the extent to which these biases inflate estimates of drug efficacy. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION:We included reviews obtained from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for premarketing trials of 9 second-generation antidepressants in the treatment of anxiety disorders. A systematic search for matching publications (until December 19, 2012) was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS:Double data extraction was performed for the FDA reviews and the journal articles. The Hedges g value was calculated as the measure of effect size. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:Reporting bias was examined and classified as study publication bias, outcome reporting bias, or spin (abstract conclusion not consistent with published results on primary end point). Separate meta-analyses were conducted for the 2 sources, and the effect of publication status on the effect estimates was examined using meta-regression. RESULTS:The findings of 41 of the 57 trials (72%) were positive according to the FDA, but 43 of the 45 published article conclusions (96%) were positive (P < .001). Trials that the FDA determined as positive were 5 times more likely to be published in agreement with that determination compared with trials determined as not positive (risk ratio, 5.20; 95% CI, 1.87 to 14.45; P < .001). We found evidence for study publication bias (P < .001), outcome reporting bias (P = .02), and spin (P = .02). The pooled effect size based on the published literature (Hedges g, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.42; P < .001) was 15% higher than the effect size based on the FDA data (Hedges g, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.38; P < .001), but this difference was not statistically significant (β = 0.04; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.10; P = .18). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:Various reporting biases were present for trials on the efficacy of FDA-approved second-generation antidepressants for anxiety disorders. Although these biases did not significantly inflate estimates of drug efficacy, reporting biases led to significant increases in the number of positive findings in the literature.
journal_name
JAMA Psychiatryjournal_title
JAMA psychiatryauthors
Roest AM,de Jonge P,Williams CD,de Vries YA,Schoevers RA,Turner EHdoi
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.15subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-05-01 00:00:00pages
500-10issue
5eissn
2168-622Xissn
2168-6238pii
2205839journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析相关文献
JAMA Psychiatry文献大全abstract:Importance:Antipsychotic medications are commonly used to treat nonpsychotic disruptive behavioral disorders in youths. Objective:To characterize the metabolic effects of first exposure to antipsychotics in youths using criterion standard assessments of body composition and insulin sensitivity. Design, Setting, and P...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1088
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Although high rates of current mental disorder are known to exist in the US Army, little is known about the proportions of these disorders that had onsets prior to enlistment. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the proportions of 30-day DSM-IV mental disorders among nondeployed US Army personnel with first onsets prior ...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.28
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:The onset of adult psychopathologic disorders can be traced to behavioral or emotional symptoms observed in childhood, which could be targeted in early interventions to prevent future mental disorders. The network perspective is a novel conceptualization of psychopathologic disorders that could help to ident...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.2119
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Depression is associated with increased inflammation, which may precede its onset, especially in older people. Some preclinical data suggest potential antidepressant effects of aspirin, supported by limited observational data suggesting lower rates of depression in individuals treated with aspirin. There cur...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.1214
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Although depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) may independently increase the risk for dementia, no studies have examined whether the risk for dementia among people with comorbid depression and DM is higher than the sum of each exposure individually. OBJECTIVE:To examine the risk for all-cause dement...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0082
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Psychosis-risk studies have examined help-seeking adolescents and young adults. Population-based studies evaluating psychotic symptoms and neurocognitive performance across childhood are needed for "growth charting" cognitive development. We hypothesized that psychosis spectrum youths have delayed neurocogni...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4190
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Despite its high prevalence and morbidity, the underlying neural basis of major depressive disorder (MDD) in youth is not well understood. OBJECTIVES:To identify in youth diagnosed as having MDD the most reliable neural abnormalities reported in existing functional neuroimaging studies and characterize thei...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1376
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Maturation of white matter fiber systems subserves cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and motor development during adolescence. Hazardous drinking during this active neurodevelopmental period may alter the trajectory of white matter microstructural development, potentially increasing risk for developing alcoh...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.4064
更新日期:2020-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Depressive severity is typically measured according to total scores on questionnaires that include a diverse range of symptoms despite convincing evidence that depression is not a unitary construct. When evaluated according to aggregate measurements, treatment efficacy is generally modest and differences in ...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0025
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:The 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 duplication is the copy number variant most frequently associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, and comorbidities such as decreased body mass index (BMI). OBJECTIVES:To characterize the effects of the 16p11.2 duplication on cognitive, behavioral, medical, and anthro...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.2123
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Deviation from normal adolescent brain development precedes manifestations of many major psychiatric symptoms. Such altered developmental trajectories in adolescents may be linked to genetic risk for psychopathology. Objective:To identify genetic variants associated with adolescent brain structure and explo...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.4126
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::CONTEXT Clinical experience and factor analytic studies suggest that some psychiatric disorders may be more closely related to one another, as indicated by the frequency of their co-occurrence, which may have etiologic and treatment implications. OBJECTIVE To construct a virtual space of common psychiatric disorders, ...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.281
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with several adulthood health problems, such as self-directed violence. For some individuals, enlistment in the military may be an instrumental act to escape adverse household environments; however, to our knowledge prevalence of ACEs among persons with a h...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.724
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Despite the prevalence of antenatal depression and the fact that only one-third of pregnant women with depression consider it acceptable to take antidepressants, the effect of untreated depression on neonatal outcomes remains to be addressed thoroughly. OBJECTIVE:To undertake a systematic review and meta-an...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.0934
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Suicide deaths are a leading cause of maternal mortality in the US, yet the prevalence and trends in suicidality (suicidal ideation and/or intentional self-harm) among childbearing individuals remain poorly described. Objective:To characterize trends in suicidality among childbearing individuals. Design, S...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3550
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Tobacco use disorder is associated with dysregulated neurocognitive function in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)-one node in a corticothalamic inhibitory control (IC) network. Objective:To examine associations between IC neural circuitry structure and function and lapse/relapse vulnerability in 2 inde...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0017
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:In 1939, English mathematician, geneticist, and psychiatrist Lionel Sharples Penrose hypothesized that the numbers of psychiatric hospital beds and the sizes of prison populations were inversely related; 75 years later, the question arises as to whether the hypothesis applies to recent developments in South ...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.2433
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Twin-family studies have shown that parent-child resemblance on substance use disorders and antisocial behavior can be accounted for by the transmission of a general liability to a spectrum of externalizing disorders. Most studies, however, include only biological parents and offspring, which confound geneti...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.258
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Animal data suggest that chronic stress is associated with a reduction in norepinephrine transporter (NET) availability in the locus coeruleus. However, it is unclear whether such models are relevant to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which has been linked to noradrenergic dysfunction in humans. OBJEC...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.399
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Growing evidence suggests that prescription opioid use affects depression and anxiety disorders; however, observational studies are subject to confounding, making causal inference and determining the direction of these associations difficult. Objective:To investigate the potential bidirectional associations...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3554
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::CONTEXT Suicide bereavement remains understudied and poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To examine outcomes of parents bereaved by the suicide death of their offspring and to compare these with both nonbereaved parent controls and parents who had offspring die in a motor vehicle crash (MVC). DESIGN Population-based case-co...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.275
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:There has been limited systematic examination of whether risk of suicide attempt (SA) among US Army soldiers is associated with time-related deployment variables, such as time in service before first deployment, duration of first deployment, and dwell time (DT) (ie, length of time between deployments). Obje...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0296
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Suicide is a public health problem, with multiple causes that are poorly understood. The increased focus on combining health care data with machine-learning approaches in psychiatry may help advance the understanding of suicide risk. Objective:To examine sex-specific risk profiles for death from suicide usi...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2905
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Developmental brain disorders are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by high heritability. Specific highly penetrant genetic causes can often be shared by a subset of individuals with different phenotypic features, and recent advances in genome sequencing have allowed...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.2692
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Forward models predict the sensory consequences of planned actions and permit discrimination of self- and non-self-elicited sensation; their impairment in schizophrenia is implied by an abnormality in behavioral force-matching and the flawed agency judgments characteristic of positive symptoms, including aud...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.2974
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Cannabis dependence (CAD) is a serious problem worldwide and is of growing importance in the United States because cannabis is increasingly available legally. Although genetic factors contribute substantially to CAD risk, at present no well-established specific genetic risk factors for CAD have been elucidat...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.0036
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:Importance:Fatal self-injury in the United States associated with deliberate behaviors is seriously underestimated owing to misclassification of poisoning suicides and mischaracterization of most drug poisoning deaths as "accidents" on death certificates. Objective:To compare national trends and patterns of self-injur...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.1870
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Depression and obesity are 2 prevalent disorders that have been repeatedly shown to be associated. However, the mechanisms and temporal sequence underlying this association are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the subtypes of major depressive disorder (MDD; melancholic, atypical, combined, ...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.411
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:The continuum view of the psychosis spectrum (PS) implies that, in population-based samples, PS symptoms should be associated with neural abnormalities similar to those found in help-seeking clinical risk individuals and in schizophrenia. To our knowledge, functional neuroimaging has not previously been appl...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.3169
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE:Freud argued that in conversion disorder (CD) the affect attached to stressful memories is "repressed" and "converted" into physical symptoms, although this has never been subject to scientific study to our knowledge. OBJECTIVE:To examine the neural correlates of recall of life events judged to be of causal...
journal_title:JAMA psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.2842
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00