Abstract:
CONTEXT:The ingestion of carbohydrate (CHO) before and during exercise and at halftime is commonly recommended to soccer players for maintaining blood glucose concentrations throughout match play. However, an exercise-induced rebound glycemic response has been observed in the early stages of the second half of simulated soccer-specific exercise when CHO-electrolyte beverages were consumed regularly. Therefore, the metabolic effects of CHO beverage consumption throughout soccer match play remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the blood glucose and blood lactate responses to CHOs ingested before and during soccer match play. DESIGN:Crossover study. SETTING:Applied research study. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS:Ten male outfield academy soccer players (age = 15.6 ± 0.2 years, height = 1.74 ± 0.02 m, mass = 65.3 ± 1.9 kg, estimated maximal oxygen consumption = 58.4 ± 0.8 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)). INTERVENTION(S):Players received a 6% CHO-electrolyte solution or an electrolyte (placebo) solution 2 hours before kickoff, before each half (within 10 minutes), and every 15 minutes throughout exercise. Blood samples were obtained at rest, every 15 minutes during the match (first half: 0-15, 15-30, and 30-45 minutes; second half: 45-60, 60-75, and 75-90 minutes) and 10 minutes into the halftime break. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Metabolic responses (blood glucose and blood lactate concentrations) and markers of exercise intensity (heart rate) were recorded. RESULTS:Supplementation influenced the blood glucose response to exercise (time × treatment interaction effect: P ≤ .05), such that glucose concentrations were higher at 30 to 45 minutes in the CHO than in the placebo condition. However, in the second half, blood glucose concentrations were similar between conditions because of transient reductions from peak values occurring in both trials at halftime. Blood lactate concentrations were elevated above those at rest in the first 15 minutes of exercise (time-of-sample effect: P < .001) and remained elevated throughout exercise. Supplementation did not influence the pattern of response (time × treatment interaction effect: P = .49). CONCLUSIONS:Ingestion of a 6% CHO-electrolyte beverage before and during soccer match play did not benefit blood glucose concentrations throughout the second half of exercise.
journal_name
J Athl Trainjournal_title
Journal of athletic trainingauthors
Russell M,Benton D,Kingsley Mdoi
10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.12subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-07-01 00:00:00pages
447-53issue
4eissn
1062-6050issn
1938-162Xjournal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:CONTEXT:In clinical practice, the range of motion (ROM) of the non involved side often serves as the reference for comparison with the injured side. Previous investigations of non-weight-bearing (NWB) ankle dorsiflexion (DF) ROM measurements have indicated bilateral symmetry for the most part. Less is known about ankle...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.40
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The prevalence of shoulder pain among competitive swimmers is high, but no guidelines exist to reduce shoulder injuries. Elucidating differences between swimmers with and without shoulder pain can serve as a basis for the development of a program to prevent shoulder injury that might lead to pain and dysfunctio...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-47.2.149
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: To determine whether anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) laxity (as evaluated with the KT-2000 and radiographic measures) is associated with concentrations of reproductive hormones during the menstrual cycle and whether the KT-2000 knee arthrometer is a valid measurement technique, compared with radiographic t...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The relationship between lower extremity alignment and lower extremity injury risk remains poorly understood, perhaps because most authors have examined only individual or a select group of alignment variables. Examining the relationships among alignment variables may allow us to more accurately describe lower ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-44.5.511
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT: Restricted dorsiflexion (DF) at the ankle joint can cause acute and chronic injuries at the ankle and knee. Myofascial release and instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) techniques have been used to increase range of motion (ROM); however, evidence directly comparing their effectiveness is limit...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-386-16
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Exercise in the heat produces cellular conditions that may leave skeletal muscle susceptible to exercise-induced microdamage. Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a clinical model of contraction-induced skeletal muscle injury. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether thermoregulation during exercise heat stress adver...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Athletic trainers (ATs) recognize patient care documentation as an important part of clinical practice. However, ATs using 1 electronic medical record (EMR) platform reported low accountability and lack of time as barriers to documentation. Whether ATs using paper, other EMRs, or a combined paper-electronic sys...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0406.19
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Throwing a baseball is a dynamic and violent act that places large magnitudes of stress on the shoulder and elbow. Specific injuries at the elbow and glenohumeral joints have been linked to several kinetic variables throughout the throwing motion. However, very little research has directly examined the relation...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6040-50.1.06
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Supervisor support has been identified as key to the fulfillment of work-life balance for the athletic trainer (AT), yet limited literature exists on the perspectives of supervisors. OBJECTIVE:To investigate how the head AT facilitates work-life balance among staff members within the National Collegiate Athlet...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.88
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: To determine whether isotonic or isokinetic contractions produced greater electromyographic (EMG) activity per unit of work during isotonic and isokinetic knee-extension exercise. DESIGN AND SETTING: Subjects performed three 3-second maximal voluntary isometric contractions of the dominant knee extensors fo...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The socioecological framework is a multilevel conceptualization of health that includes intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, environmental, and public policy factors. The socioecological framework emphasizes multiple levels of influence and supports the idea that behaviors both affect and are affected by vari...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-173-18
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Functional ankle instability (FAI) affects a large part of the population. Inconsistent findings have been reported regarding the existence of functional performance deficits in individuals with FAI. OBJECTIVE:To examine functional performance in participants with FAI compared with participants in a control gr...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-43.4.342
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT: Fewer athletic injuries and lower anterior cruciate ligament injury incidence rates were noted in studies of neuromuscular-training (NMT) interventions that had high compliance rates. However, several groups have demonstrated that preventive NMT interventions were limited by low compliance rates. OBJECTIVE: T...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.12.20
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The shift to a culture of evidence-based practice (EBP) in athletic training is a necessary step in both the optimization of patient care and the advancement of athletic trainers (ATs) as health care professionals. Whereas individuals have gained knowledge in this area, most ATs still are not practicing in an e...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.2.15
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Accurate, efficient, and reliable measurement methods are essential to prospectively identify risk factors for knee injuries in large cohorts. OBJECTIVE:To determine tester reliability using digital photographs for the measurement of static lower extremity alignment (LEA) and whether values quantified with an ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.2.08
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Researchers have produced a hypothesis of transient heat intolerance (HI) after exertional heat stroke (EHS). Based on this hypothesis, heat-tolerance testing (HTT) has been postponed until weeks 6 to 8 after EHS and other types of exertional heat illness (EHI). We compared the HTT results of participants aft...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-478-18
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Supraspinatus tear is a common rotator cuff injury. During rehabilitation, debate persists regarding the most appropriate exercises. Whereas shoulder coordination is part of normal arm function, it has been infrequently considered in the context of exercise selection. OBJECTIVE:To assess shoulder-motion coordi...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-50.9.06
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Although consensus statements and recommendations from professional organizations aim to reduce the incidence of injury or sudden death in sport, nothing is mandated at the high school level. This allows states the freedom to create and implement individual policies. An example of a recommended policy is heat a...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.2.09
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Anecdotal and qualitative evidence has suggested that some clinicians face pressure from coaches and other personnel in the athletic environment to prematurely return athletes to participation after a concussion. This type of pressure potentially can result in compromised patient care. OBJECTIVE:To quantify th...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-50.6.03
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The increased emphasis on implementing evidence-based practice has reinforced the need to more accurately assess patient improvement. Psychometrically sound, patient-reported outcome measures are essential for evaluating patient care. A patient-reported outcome instrument that may be useful for clinicians is th...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0302.19
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computer-based instruction is being widely used in the education programs of many allied health professions. However, there has been little, if any, documentation of computer-based instruction use in athletic training education. The primary purpose of this study was to determine what percentage of undergraduate and gr...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of prophylactic knee bracing has been refuted with regard to reducing the incidence and/or severity of injuries to the knee joint. This is thought to be a result of the prophylactic knee brace's ineffectiveness in protecting the knee joint from valgus loads. Furthermore, discrepancies exist regarding the ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Whenever professionals have multiple role obligations in the workplace, they face potential professional role complexities. OBJECTIVE:To examine whether certified athletic trainers (ATs) employed at the collegiate level experienced professional role complexities, and if so, what effect those complexities had u...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-43.4.373
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Research is limited on the extent and nature of the care provided by athletic trainers (ATs) to student-athletes in the high school setting. OBJECTIVE:To describe the methods of the National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION) project and provide the descriptive epidemiology of AT services...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.1.08
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this survey was for comparison with a similar 1981 survey to determine if proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques are being implemented in the same manner today. DESIGN AND SETTING:The survey was made available at the 1993 NATA Clinical Symposium. SUBJECTS:The subjects were...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Baseball is played around the world, including in North America and Latin America. The repetitive and stressful act of throwing can lead to adaptations such as increased humeral retroversion (HR) in the throwing arm. This adaptation is often considered beneficial as it allows more glenohumeral external rotation...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-563-18
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT: Seventy-seven percent of musculoskeletal injuries sustained by United States Army Special Forces Operators are preventable. Identification of predictive characteristics will promote the development of screening methods to augment injury-prevention programs. OBJECTIVE: To determine physical and performance c...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-52.12.22
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Quadriceps and hamstrings weakness occurs frequently after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction. Evidence suggests that knee injury may precipitate hip and ankle muscle weakness, but few data support this contention after ACL injury and reconstruction. OBJECTIVE:To determine if hip, knee,...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.3.23
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Greater musculotendinous stiffness may enhance spinal stretch reflex sensitivity by improving mechanical coupling of the muscle spindle and the stretch stimulus. This heightened sensitivity would correspond with a shorter latency and higher-amplitude reflex response, potentially enhancing joint stability. OBJE...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-43.1.29
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Active muscle stiffness might protect the unstable shoulder from recurrent dislocation. OBJECTIVE:To compare strength and active stiffness in participants with unilateral anterior shoulder instability and to examine the relationship between active stiffness and functional ability. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-46.6.642
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00