Abstract:
:The free amino acids have been shown by isolational work and choice bioassays to be more important than all other factors evaluated in defining leaf-feeding resistance of corn (Zea mays L.) to fall armyworm (FAW) [(Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith)] larvae. 6-MBOA (6-methoxybenzoxazolinone) and maysin, toxins present in corn, were shown not to be significant factors for leaf-feeding resistance to first-instar FAW larvae because of their low concentrations in the whorl. Amino acid analysis showed that while the ratios of the essential amino acids in susceptible (S) and resistant (R) lines were similar, there were differences in the nonessential amino acids, particularly aspartic acid, which was higher in R lines. Also, the ratio of essential amino acids to nonessential amino acids was important, being too low in expressed whorl leaf juice (obtained from V8-V10 growth stage plants) to support larval growth, although juice was stimulatory in choice tests. The total protein content of whorls in S lines was about 15% higher than in R lines, but the significance of this difference is uncertain, because nutritional tests showed that larval growth increased with total protein only up to 12% protein. Sugars were only slightly stimulatory. Thus, the amino acids along with higher hemicellulose content of R lines, established by us earlier, appear to explain much of the basis of resistance in corn to larval leaf-feeding of the FAW.
journal_name
J Chem Ecoljournal_title
Journal of chemical ecologyauthors
Hedin PA,Williams WP,Davis FM,Buckley PMdoi
10.1007/BF01020510subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-06-01 00:00:00pages
1977-95issue
6eissn
0098-0331issn
1573-1561journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Analyses of two-dimensional chromatographic flavonoid patterns of butterflies reared on different grass species have shown that the flavonoid pattern ofMelanargia galathea is dependent on the flavonoid content of the larval diet. This confirms the dietary origin of flavonoid pigments inM. galathea. The flavonoid patte...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01024106
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutathione transferase activity towards various plant isothiocyanates was studied in larvae of the two generalists, fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)], and cabbage looper [Trichoplusia ni (Hübner)], and the specialist, velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner) using the midgut soluble frac...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01019352
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioactivity of 22 essential oils from aromatic and medicinal plants was tested uponAcanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera, Bruchidae), a pest of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The insecticidal effect was evaluated by determination of 24- and 48-hr LC50 and LC50 (from 1.50 mg/ dm(3) to more than 1000 mg/dm(...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00987383
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the identification, synthesis, and field bioassays of a volatile, male-produced aggregation pheromone of a long-horned beetle, the banded alder borer, Rosalia funebris Mots. Headspace collections from males contained a major male-specific compound, (Z)-3-decenyl (E)-2-hexenoate, and several minor components,...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-008-9576-2
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Larvae of the mothUtetheisa ornatrix are shown to cannibalize eggs in the laboratory. They proved most cannibalistic if they were systemically deficient in pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA), the defensive agent that protectsUtetheisa at all stages of development against predation, and whichUtetheisa acquire as larvae from t...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00987992
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The suitability of the Bradford protein assay for measuring plant protein was evaluated and a standard method developed. The assay involves extraction of dried, fresh, or frozen plant material in 0.1 NaOH for 30 min. Replicate 100-μl aliquots of centrifuged supernatant are assayed with 5 ml Bio-Rad Bradford dye reagen...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01015193
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inhibition of ATP synthesis, proton uptake, and electron transport (basal, phosphorylating, and uncoupled) from water to methylviologen by zaluzanin C indicates that it acts as an electron transport inhibitor. Uncoupled photosystem I electron transport rate was not affected by zaluzanin C; however, uncoupled photo...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00981914
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subsocial tenebrionid Parastizopus armaticeps Pér. is parasitized by the closely related Eremostibes opacus Koch (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). We found that the pygidial defensive secretions of both species are similar and contain a mixture of 1,4-benzoquinones, 1-alkenes, and monoterpene hydrocarbons. The 1-alkene...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-006-9028-9
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sequence of arrival of the bark beetlesIps typographus andPityogenes chalcographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) at traps baited with their synthetic pheromones was monitored with a portable fraction collector. Histograms of the natural arrival patterns of both species were nonrandom and clumped at shorter time scales ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02040099
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aggregation-attachment pheromone componentso-nitrophenol (ONP) and methyl salicylate (MS) in maleAmblyomma variegatum ticks appeared after three days of feeding on the host and reached high values after about six days. Variable quantities of 1.3-7.3 μg ONP and about 0.6 μg MS were present within ticks. ONP and MS ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01395594
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The leading hypothesis for the evolution of the metal hyperaccumulation trait in plants is as a defense against herbivores. A central piece of evidence expected for this hypothesis is that plants benefit from herbivores being deterred from eating high metal tissues. While many studies have investigated whether or not ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s10886-009-9607-7
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have alerted us to the potential for conflicts between pathogen- and herbivore-induced plant defenses. The lack of studies on the induced chemical changes that simultaneous insect and pathogen attacks have on the host plant has become apparent. In the present study, we found that pepper plant volatile p...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-006-9107-y
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maize, a genetically diverse crop, is the domesticated descendent of its wild ancestor, teosinte. Recently, we have shown that certain maize landraces possess a valuable indirect defense trait not present in commercial hybrids. Plants of these landraces release herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that attract bo...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-015-0570-1
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In field experiments in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, the pheromone blend of (11Z)-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (Z11-14:OAc), (11E)-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (E 11-14:OAc), (9Z)-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (Z9-14:OAc) and dodecan-1-ol acetate (12: OAc) at a 100∶64∶2∶1 ratio (western FTLR blend) attracted significantly m...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00980587
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Factors eliciting copulatory behavior in mature maleHylobius abietis were studied in the laboratory. Dead female weevils were sexually attractive, while dead mature males and pentane-extracted female weevils were not. The sexual attractiveness of dead females declined with time after death. Pentane extracts of whole f...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01012421
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were conducted in commercial apple orchards to determine if improved efficiencies in pheromone delivery may be realized by using aerosol pheromone dispensers for codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella L., mating disruption. Specifically, we tested how reducing: pheromone concentration, period of dispenser oper...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-016-0724-9
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The terpenoid content of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) foliage was measured over an annual cycle of development from bud opening, shoot elongation, shoot maturation, to bud-break at the start of the next growing season. The objective was to determine if variation in terpenoid composition is linked with spatial an...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-006-9166-0
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three compounds have been identified as sex pheromone components produced by female fall webworm moths,Hyphantria cunea (Drury). These compounds are: (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienal (I), (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienal (II), and (Z,Z)-3,6-cis-9,10-epoxyheneicosadiene (III). The ratio of these compounds was approximately 5∶6...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00987787
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical orientation of adult maleSchistosoma mansoni was studied during cultivation in vitro. Directional preference was assessed in culture vessels marked with compass coordinates by the application of circular statistics for determining clustering and orientation to a predicted direction. Organic solvent extracts o...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01022378
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early theories on plant chemical defense against herbivory emphasized that apparent and unapparent plants were primarily defended by different types of compounds. More and more evidence suggests that both quantitative and qualitative defenses are found in apparent plants and that they can play a defensive role against...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01014103
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was undertaken to assess the effect of parthenin--a sesquiterpene lactone from Parthenium hysterophorus--on the germination, growth, and some associated physiological changes in Ageratum conyzoides. The study reveals that germination and growth of A. conyzoides was severely reduced by parthenin in the concentr...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1021089013754
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analyses of virgin female sex pheromone gland extracts by gas chromatography (GC), GC-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) followed by field-trapping experiments, have identified (E)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (E9-14:Ac) as the primary sex pheromone component of the spruce budmoth,...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01020374
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Volatile monoterpenes such as 1,8-cineole inhibit the growth of Brassica campestris seedlings in a dose-dependent manner, and the growth-inhibitory effects are more severe for roots than hypocotyls. The preferential inhibition of root growth may be explained if the compounds inhibit cell proliferation more severely th...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-011-9919-2
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repellency and toxicity of 8 essential oils (vetiver grass, cassia leaf, clove bud, cedarwood, Eucalyptus globules, Eucalyptus citrodora, lemongrass and geranium) were evaluated against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Vetiver oil proved the most effective repellent because of its lon...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1010410325174
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In bioassays conducted with walking beetles in the laboratory (S)-(+)-, (R)-(-)-, and (±)-ipsdienol were attractive alone, but reduced the attraction of both sexes of the mountain pine beetle,Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, to extracts of female frass. Field trapping studies indicated that attraction ofD. ponderosae ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01022547
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phorodon humuli (Damson-hop aphid) is one of the major pests of hops in the northern hemisphere. It causes significant yield losses and reduces hop quality and economic value. Damson-hop aphid is currently controlled with insecticides, but the number of approved pesticides is steadily decreasing. In addition, the use ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-018-0980-y
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structure elucidation of sex pheromones of Lepidoptera by a solid-sample injection technique in conjunction with capillary gas chromatography is described. The applicability of this method in GC and GC-MS modes was demonstrated by reanalyzing the sex attractants of females ofOstrinia nubilalis andBombyx mori. The ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01020556
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A strain of the fungus Fusarium equiseti isolated from soybean cyst nematode secretes nematode-antagonistic compounds. Bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract of the culture broth was undertaken to identify the compounds. Fractions were assayed for activity against a root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita), a p...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1010390200571
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attraction of (2E,4E,6R,10R)-4,6,10,12-tetramethyl-2,4-tridecadien-7-one [1; (6R,10R)-matsuone] and its antipode [2; (6S,10S)-matsuone] toMatsucoccus thunbergianae males was studied in the laboratory and in the field. They showed stronger response to1. In laboratory bioassays, the threshold concentrations for male att...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02033196
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The plant secondary metabolite papyriferic acid (PA) deters browsing by snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) on the juvenile developmental stage of the Alaska paper birch (Betula neoalaskana). However, the physiological mechanism that reduces browsing remains unknown. We used pharmacological assays and molecular modeling...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-011-0039-9
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00