Abstract：
:The bitter and related constituents have been isolated fromVernonia amygdalina (Compositae), a plant ingested by wild chimpanzees possibly suffering from parasite-related diseases in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Isolated from the plant were four known sesquiterpene lactones, seven new steroid glucosides, and two aglycones of the glucosides. The sesquiterpene lactones showed significant in vitro antischistosomal, plasmodicidal, and leishmanicidal activities. Antischistosomal activity was also found for the major steroid glucoside, vernonioside B1. A trend in the glucosides to show significant antischistosomal, plasmodicidal, and amebicidal activities when the sugar moiety was removed, was observed. Vernodalin, judged as the most significant constituent for antiparasitic activities in vitro, was tested for in vivo antischistosomal effect. It was, however, highly toxic to the cercaria-infected mouse. Chimpanzees have been only rarely observed to ingest anything but the pith of the young stem. The occurrence of vernonioside B1 and its aglycone vernoniol B1, the major constituents among the steroid-related constituents, were detected at significant levels in the pith. However, vernodalin was abundant only in the leaves and bark. Thus, chimpanzees at Mahale were hypothesized to control parasite-related diseases by ingesting the young pith of this tree containing steroid-related constituents.
journal_name
J Chem Ecoljournal_title
Journal of chemical ecologyauthors
Ohigashi H,Huffman MA,Izutsu D,Koshimizu K,Kawanaka M,Sugiyama H,Kirby GC,Warhurst DC,Allen D,Wright CW,David Phillipson J,Timon-David P,Delmas F,Elias R,Balansard Gdoi
10.1007/BF02059596subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-03-01 00:00:00pages
541-53issue
3eissn
0098-0331issn
1573-1561journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, is an exotic wood-boring insect that vectors the mycopathogen responsible for laurel wilt, a lethal vascular disease of trees in the Lauraceae. High mortality has occurred in native Persea species in the southeastern U.S., and the vector-pathogen complex poses ...
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
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更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00987969
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
