Abstract：
:Bacteria swim by rotating semirigid, left-handed helical flagellar filaments; counterclockwise (CCW) rotation produces straight swims, known as "runs," and clockwise (CW) rotation generates abrupt changes in direction, known as "tumbles." As a cell moves through its environment, alternately running and tumbling, it detects spatial gradients of attractants and repellents by making temporal comparisons of their concentration. These chemicals bind to receptors in the cell envelope to modulate the activity of the chemotactic signal transducers, proteins that span the cytoplasmic membrane. Signals generated by the transducers control the motion of the flagella to promote migration up attractant gradients and down repellent gradients. Chemotactic adaptation, accomplished by methylation-demethylation of the transducers, cancels out these signals. Adaptation is an essential component of the "memory" that allows bacteria to use a temporal mechanism to detect spatial gradients. Both signaling and adaptation are mediated by changes in the level of phosphorylation of several cytoplasmic chemotaxis (Che) proteins. The activity of the transducers regulates the rate of autophosphorylation of the CheA protein, which then passes the phosphate on to other proteins. In particular, phosphorylated CheY protein controls the frequency of tumbling because it promotes CW flagellar rotation, and the CheB esterase modulates adaptation because its nonphosphorylated form removes methyl groups from the transducers much more slowly than its phosphorylated form.
journal_name
J Chem Ecoljournal_title
Journal of chemical ecologyauthors
Manson MDdoi
10.1007/BF01021272subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
107-18issue
1eissn
0098-0331issn
1573-1561journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Secondary metabolites produced by endophytic microorganisms can provide benefits to host plants, such as stimulating growth and enhancing the plant's resistance toward biotic and abiotic factors. During its life, a host plant may be inhabited by many species of endophytes within a restrictive environment. This conditi...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-013-0351-7
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:2-Methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (toluquinone) and 2-methoxy-3-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone are the most common components of defensive secretions of juliform millipedes (Diplopoda: Juliformia). A natural and a synthetic millipede-defensive secretion composed of these two substances attract dung beetles of a few Onthophagus speci...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:joec.0000028428.53797.cb
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Castilleja (Scrophulariaceae) species of the western United States contain pyrrolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids. TheCastilleja obtain the alkaloids by root parasitism on host plants, withSenecio atratus andS. triangularis (Asteraceae) furnishing the pyrrolizidines, and quinolizidines being obtained fromLupinus sp...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01013240
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Straight-chained lepidopteran pheromones are now regulated under a group standard in New Zealand, which is generic for moth pheromone products of similar low risk, under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act (1996). This means that compliant new pheromone products can be developed and commercialized with low ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10886-016-0728-5
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parasitoids respond to volatiles that plants produce when injured by herbivores. A considerable body of literature addresses the chemical pathways of herbivore-induced volatile production. However, there is almost no theory or data on how timing of volatile release in relationship to host availability for parasitizati...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-008-9471-x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tannins, a diverse group of water-soluble phenolics with high affinity to proteins, are widely distributed in various parts of plants, and have negative effects in herbivores after ingestion. Some mammalian species are thought to counteract tannins by secreting tannin-binding salivary proteins (TBSPs). Several types o...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10886-006-9077-0
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synthesis of the major component of the sex pheromone of the processionary mothThaumetopoea pityocampa is described. The synthesis uses the carbocupration of acetylene, followed by the coupling with the appropriate 1-iodoalkyne. This synthetic pheromone was shown to be of 98.8%Z purity. ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00988039
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the effects of tannic acid and purified perrsimmon tannin on survival and reproduction of bean bugs, Riptortus clavatus.Feeding behavior of R. clavatus was also examined on sweet (cv. Fuyu) and astringent (cv. Chongdosi) persimmon fruits. Soluble tannin in sweet persimmon fruits decreased from 3% in early...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:joec.0000048788.35693.23
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we examined the role of sorghum flavonoids in providing resistance against corn leaf aphid (CLA) Rhopalosiphum maidis. In sorghum, accumulation of these flavonoids is regulated by a MYB transcription factor, yellow seed1 (y1). Functional y1 alleles accumulate 3-deoxyflavonoids (3-DFs) and 3-deoxyanthocya...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-019-01062-8
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydroxamic acids have been shown to be toxic to many pest insects and pathogens. In this study, the behavioral responses of western corn rootworm larvae to naturally occurring and synthetic hydroxamic acids were investigated. In a choice test between corn roots treated with hydroxamic acids and roots treated with dist...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00980055
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Splitless capillary gas chromatography indicated the presence of (Z)- and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl alcohol in the washes of female abdominal tips of the blackheaded fireworm,Rhopobota naevana (Hubner). Gas chromatography combined with mass spectroscopy confirmed the presence of tetradecenyl ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01020546
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interdigital secretions were collected from eight male white-tailed deer of various ages. Analysis of volatiles was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with a modified headspace technique. Forty-six volatile compounds were found including alkanes, arenes, aldehydes, ketones, aliphatic acids, esters, pyrr...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02272407
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multicomponent pheromone systems are common in many insect species. As our knowledge about the number of different chemical compounds actually involved in a particular communication system increases, so too does the need for an efficient neural mechanism for the encoding of behaviorially relevant odor compounds. Here ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01020566
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of the aglycone flavonoids identified in the exudate of cistus ladanifer, two, the flavone apigenin-4'-(O)-methyl and the flavonol kaempferol-3,7-di(O)-methyl inhibit development of the seedlings of Rumex crispus at 0.5 and 1 mM. Additive effects were observed between the major flavonols of the exudate kaempferol-3-(O...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1010388905923
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of protein and birch bark powder (BBP) content of forage on detoxification capacity of root voles (Microtus oeconomus) was studied. Young voles were fed with eight different diets for two weeks. Individuals on low (3%) protein diets had significantly lighter livers and kidneys than those on moderate (6%) or...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02033581
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) lay their eggs in gravel nests called redds. The nests are not defended for extended periods and the eggs and young may be subject to predation from predators that travel through the substrate into the redd. In this study we tested whether long-term exposure of brook charr eggs to c...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1010404624556
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pear barkminer moth, Spulerina astaurota Meyrick (Gracillariidae: Gracillariinae), is a harmful pest of the Asian-pear tree. Pheromone components of the female were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) with an electroantennographic (EAG) detector and GC coupled with mass spectrometry. The analyses of a crude pherom...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-011-0032-3
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The response of theCeutorhynchus assimilis antenna to volatiles in air entrainment-derived extracts of oilseed rape,Brassica napus, was studied using coupled gas chromatography (GC)-electroantennography (EAG) and coupled GC-single cell recording (SCR). By means of these techniques and coupled gas chromatography-mass s...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02033667
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the laboratory, ovipositor probing in mated femaleOlesicampe monticola was elicited by freshCephalcia lariciphila frass but not by aged frass or freshly spun larval silk. Second instar sawfly larvae andLarix needles also elicited a low level of ovipositor probing. Extracts of frass in dichloromethane, but not hexan...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00988648
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coniferyl benzoate, a secondary metabolite found in quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) and other plants, is an avian feeding deterrent of ecological and potential commercial importance. This study was conducted to determine if coniferyl benzoate is a trigeminal stimulant for birds and to ascertain if trigeminal chemo...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00988002
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The alkaloids solanine and tomatine and the polyene antibiotic nystatin were tested in vitro against the entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassiana. Nystatin was the most inhibitory compound tested, reducing colony formation, growth, and development of conidiaphores to a greater degree and at lower concentrations than ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01014712
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Investigation of the lipid extract of the Australian chrysomelid beetle,Monolepta australis, has revealed a novel homologous series of long-chain, unsaturated-saturated dialkyl ethers in the cuticular wax. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, proton magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and chemical degradation ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02027787
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Flehmen (or "lipcurl") is a response of male mammals primarily to female urine, performed primarily during the reproductive season. To elucidate the components of female urine that release the Flehmen, urine of black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) was fractionated, and the fractions were presented to ca...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00987849
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the coevolution of pathogens and their associated mycoflora depend upon a proper elucidation of the basis of their chemical communication. In the case of pine wilt disease, the mutual interactions between cerambycid beetles, invasive pathogenic nematodes, (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) and their symbiotic ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-018-0996-3
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High foliar phenolics are generally assumed to increase resistance to insect herbivores, but recent studies show that tobacco lines modified to over- and underexpress phenolics do not exhibit higher constitutive resistance to caterpillars. This is contrary to the expectation that ingestion of tobacco phenolics, partic...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1013691802028
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male olive fruit fly attraction to the four synthetic components of the female sex attractant pheromone was studied under laboratory and field conditions. In laboratory tests males responded to all four components tested separately. Component I, (1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane) was more attractive than any of the remaini...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01411425
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of volatiles of diethyl ether-extracted dominant male mouse lemur urine on conspeciflc testosterone plasma concentrations was determined in an apparatus permitting olfactory isolation of the experimental subjects. Two experimental groups were exposed to air odorized with either ether or aqueous extracts of ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01880095
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The opilionid,Stygnomma spinifera, secretes from a pair of exocrine glands on the cephalothorax between the first and second pair of legs a major volatile component, 2-methyl-5-ethylphenol, and two minor components, 2,3-dimethylphenol and 2,3-dimethyl-5-ethylphenol. These alkylphenols are constituents of a defensive s...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00995767
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As soon as they encounter the scent marks made by the urine of fertile male conspecifics, tree shrews of both sexes cover the scent marks with their own sternal-gland secretion by "chinning." The urine of other species, female conspecifics, or castrated male conspecifics does not elicit this behavior; that is, overmar...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01045594
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analysis of ovipositor extracts of lab-reared (> 120 generations) and wildHeliothis zea indicated small but significant differences in the percent composition of the four aldehyde components of the sex pheromone. (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol (Z11-16∶OH) was present in both populations and amounted to only 2.8% of the total p...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01014828
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
