Radiological design aspects of the National Ignition Facility.

abstract：:Guidelines for occupational exposure to radiation are based on annual absorbed or effective dose. Guidelines for Rn exposure are currently based on air concentrations of Rn or decay products. Models of bronchial dose from decay product exposure are based on calculations that have five major parameters with parameter v...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Harley NH

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 3H concentration in Japanese human tissue samples is reported in this paper. Four brain, 10 liver, and nine lung samples from 11 cases were collected from Akita Prefecture in northern Japan from January to July 1986. The median of free-water 3H concentration was similar in these tissues and agreed well with the co...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hisamatsu S,Takizawa Y,Itoh M,Ueno K,Katsumata T,Sakanoue M

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monte Carlo neutron transport calculations were performed to obtain the neutron response functions of a superheated drop detector (SDD-100) that is surrounded by polyethylene of various thicknesses. The calculational results suggest that a SDD-100 surrounded by 2.54 cm of polyethylene gives the best dose-equivalent re...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Wang CK

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study reports measurements of the skin surface temperature elevations during localized irradiation (94 GHz) of three species: rat (irradiated on lower abdomen), rhesus monkey (posterior forelimb), and human (posterior forearm). Two exposure conditions were examined: prolonged, low power density microwaves (LPM) a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Nelson DA,Walters TJ,Ryan KL,Emerton KB,Hurt WD,Ziriax JM,Johnson LR,Mason PA

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the various activities involved with opening a sealed legacy "Seventeen-inch" concrete vault and the health physics challenges and solutions employed. As part of a legacy waste stream that was removed from the former Hazardous Waste Management Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory, the "Seven...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Sullivan PT,Pizzulli M

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent publication by in the April 28, 2004, issue of JAMA raises concern since it suggests that exposure to dental x rays during pregnancy could be responsible for human fetal growth retardation. Furthermore, the article could have a negative impact on the dental care of pregnant women who might fear the effect of ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Brent RL

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thoron (Rn) exhalation from building materials has become increasingly recognized as a potential source for radiation exposure in dwellings. However, few studies have focused on mitigation strategies to reduce exposure from thoron and its progeny. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to (1) determine the reduction ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： de With G,de Jong P,Donk JJ

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article an overview of the historical development of light water reactor health physics programs is presented. Operational health physics programs have developed and matured as experience in operating and maintaining light water reactors has been gained. Initial programs grew quickly in both size and complexit...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Prince RJ,Bradley SE

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroids from mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) were collected in New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming and Idaho and 129I/127I atom ratios were determined. Iodine-129/127 atom ratios were significantly (P less than 0.005) different among states. Ratios in Wyoming and Idaho control thyroids were significantly (P less than 0.05)...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Markham OD,Hakonson TE,Whicker FW,Morton JS

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A model system was developed previously for disposal of solid laboratory waste that is both radioactive and heat sensitive, e.g., HIV. A double polypropylene bag with charcoal vent filter and absorbent was designed to meet requirements for both steam sterilization and disposal as solid radioactive waste. Earlier work ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Stinson MC,Green BL,Marquardt CJ,Ducatman AM

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Development and implementation of non-ionizing radiation safety programs differ from ionizing radiation safety programs primarily due to the absence of prescriptive state and federal regulations. Industry consensus standards and research publications provide the basis for non-ionizing radiation safety program developm...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lewandowski MA,Hinz MW,Entwistle FB

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This work describes the design, development, and characterization of an ionization chamber to detect and locate gamma ray sources with intensities down to 100 mu Gy h(-1). The results show that sources of x ray and gamma radiation in the energy range of 14 to 1,250 keV can be located. The directional sensitivity of th...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kronenberg S,Bruckner GJ,Bechtel E,Gentner F

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radon exposure is associated with an increased incidence of lung cancer, and elevated levels may be found in as many as 1 out of 15 homes. The U.S. EPA recommends testing homes for radon and mitigating over the advisory level of 4 picocuries per liter (4 pCi L(-1), or 148 Bq m(-3)). A sample population from a list of ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Riesenfeld EP,Marcy TW,Reinier K,Mongeon JA,Trumbo CW,Wemple BE,Kaminsky DA

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A filter air sampler has been developed for sampling radionuclide aerosol particles from the workplace environment. It provides easy filter changing, constant flow sampling, and a visual display to indicate proper operation. An experimental study was conducted to characterize the collection efficiency of the sampler a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Parulian A,Rodgers JC,McFarland AR

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were performed with 30 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) detectors to better understand their positional response. Spectra were collected using 0.02 to 0.15 MBq point sources of Am, Cs, Co, and Ba positioned on lines parallel and perpendicular to the long axis of the crystal along both the narrow and wide d...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Noey JD,Xiao JB,DiFulvio A,Sulieman NA,Carmona MA,Chung LK,El-Amir IN,Frank SJ,Liu K,Schiefer K,Seekamp JM,Sosa CS,Trimas DJ,Vyas AP,Kearfott KJ

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For the purpose of improving retrospective internal thyroid dose estimations for children and adolescents following the Chernobyl accident, age- and gender-dependent thyroid masses have been estimated for the children of Kiev and Zhytomyr oblasts, which are two of the most contaminated regions of Northern Ukraine. For...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Likhtarov I,Kovgan L,Masiuk S,Chepurny M,Ivanova O,Gerasymenko V,Boyko Z,Voillequé P,Antipkin Y,Lutsenko S,Oleynik V,Kravchenko V,Tronko M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in California is currently in operation with the goal to demonstrate fusion energy gain for the first time in the laboratory-also referred to as "ignition." Based on these demonstration experiments, the Laser Inertial Fusion Ener...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Reyes S,Dunne M,Kramer K,Anklam T,Havstad M,Mazuecos AL,Miles R,Martinez-Frias J,Deri B

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vertical distribution of weapons testing fallout 237Np has been determined in an undisturbed grassland soil (Alfisol). By using a compartmental model for multi-layered soils, the mean residence half-times of 237Np in each soil layer were calculated and compared with results on weapons fallout 239 + 240Pu, 241Am an...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Bunzl K,Kofuji H,Schimmack W,Tsumura A,Ueno K,Yamamoto M

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental data are given on the content of genetically related pairs of radionuclides (226Ra and 222Rn; 224Ra and 220Rn) in soils and the above-ground phytomass of plants growing on plots with differing genesis of the higher concentrations of natural radionuclides in soils. Methods for determining gaseous radionucl...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Taskayev AI,Popova ON,Alexakhin RM,Testov BV

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More than 150 data sets giving time-dependent concentrations of 131I and 137Cs in feed and milk of cows after the Chernobyl accident are evaluated using a minimal compartmental modeling approach. Transfer of cesium via the grass-cow-milk pathway is adequately described by a three-compartmental model. No unique model r...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kirchner G

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When measuring radioactivity, the problem rises of deciding whether or not a sample contains radioactivity in excess of background and above which value the result is meaningful. This decision process is why the notion of decision level was introduced. Whereas there is unanimity about its definition, this is not the c...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Rigaud D

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For efficiently measuring ultraviolet transmission through clothing materials for a large number of samples, an automated measuring system with a broad-band method has been built and calibrated against a spectroradiometer based instrument. The apparatus can be used to test 60 samples in 25 min. A selection of clothing...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zhang Z,Thomas BW,Wong CF,Fleming RA

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is presented to determine the uncertainties in the reported dose due to incorporated plutonium for the Mayak Worker Cohort. The methodology includes errors generated by both detection methods and modeling methods. To accomplish the task, the method includes classical statistics, Monte Carlo, perturbation, and...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Krahenbuhl MP,Bess JD,Wilde JL,Vostrotin VV,Suslova KG,Khokhryakov VF,Slaughter DM,Miller SC

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The air-kerma rate constant gamma delta (and its precursors), as one of the basic radiation characteristics of 192Ir, was determined by many authors. Analysis of accessible data on this quantity led us to the conclusion that published data strongly disagree. That is the reason we calculated this quantity on the basis ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ninković MM,Raiĉevìć JJ

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several radiation dose- and time-dependent tissue sequelae develop following acute high-dose radiation exposure. One of the recognized delayed effects of such exposures is lung injury, characterized by respiratory failure as a result of pneumonitis that may subsequently develop into lung fibrosis. Since this pulmonary...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Garofalo M,Bennett A,Farese AM,Harper J,Ward A,Taylor-Howell C,Cui W,Gibbs A,Lasio G,Jackson W 3rd,MacVittie TJ

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiation exposure of the biota in the shoreline area of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Cooling Pond was assessed to evaluate radiological consequences from the decommissioning of the Cooling Pond. This paper addresses studies of radioactive contamination of the terrestrial faunal complex and radionuclide concentra...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Oskolkov BY,Bondarkov MD,Gaschak SP,Maksimenko AM,Hinton TG,Coughlin D,Jannik GT,Farfán EB

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An empirical expression of cavity theory for electron fields is developed in a fashion similar to Burlin's general theory of cavity ionization for photons. It incorporates a term that relates the absorbed dose ratio in the cavity and material medium to the differences in electron scattering. This new expression correl...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ogunleye OT,Paliwal BR

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Voxelized geometry such as those obtained from medical images is increasingly used in Monte Carlo calculations of absorbed doses. One useful application of calculated absorbed dose is the determination of fluence-to-dose conversion factors for different organs. However, confusion still exists about how such a geometry...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zhang J,Bednarz B,Xu XG

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper provides information on the effects of distance and attenuation in lead sheet and gypsum board of the 0.511 MeV photon produced by positron annihilation. Exposure rates are projected external to an adult injected with 185 MBq (5 mCi) of 18F in a fluorodeoxyglucose solution and for the same activity in a sma...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Courtney JC,Mendez P,Hidalgo-Salvatierra O,Bujenovic S

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanic workers are exposed to exhaust fumes when controlling vehicle engines in motion inside repair shops. To assess radiation doses due to radon short-lived progeny from the inhalation of exhaust fumes by mechanic workers, concentrations of these radionuclides were measured in petrol (gasoline) and gas-oil exhaust...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Misdaq MA,Chaouqi A,Ouguidi J,Touti R,Mortassim A

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00