Abstract：
:Phyllodes tumours (PTs) of the breast are true biphasic neoplasms within which interactions between the epithelium and stroma are critical for tumour development and progression. Despite numerous studies reporting the results of ancillary marker investigations in PTs, the current histological grading systems remain unreliable at predicting clinical outcome even when supplemented by these markers. As a consequence, there has been much interest in the prospect of using molecular/genetic techniques to develop a more robust "grading" system. This review focuses on recent cytogenetic and molecular studies investigating the pathogenesis of PTs and those correlating molecular findings with clinicopathological features of the tumours. Recent data highlight that intratumoural genetic heterogeneity is common in PTs and may account for the reported lack of correlation between histological grading and clinical behaviour. The entire spectrum of molecular aberrations in PTs are yet to be fully defined, however recent array-based studies using comparative genomic hybridisation have reported that copy number changes increase with the progression from benign PT to malignancy. Tumour recurrence and progression is likely to reflect the presence of under-recognised subclones. p(16INK4a) (CDKN2A) inactivation also appears to be important in PT pathogenesis. Further additional studies will be required to identify and validate new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in order to improve the diagnosis, classification, prediction of outcome and management of patients with this rare neoplasm. Data generated from modern sequencing technologies are likely to provide new insights into the disease and assist in this endeavour.
journal_name
J Clin Patholjournal_title
Journal of clinical pathologyauthors
Karim RZ,O'Toole SA,Scolyer RA,Cooper CL,Chan B,Selinger C,Yu B,Carmalt H,Mak C,Tse GM,Tan PH,Putti TC,Lee CSdoi
10.1136/jclinpath-2012-201082subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-01 00:00:00pages
496-505issue
6eissn
0021-9746issn
1472-4146pii
jclinpath-2012-201082journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A thin-layer chromatographic method for the simultaneous assessment of formimino-glutamic (Figlu) and urocanic acid excretion after loading with 15 g. histidine has been applied to 15 control subjects and to 49 selected patients. Upper limits of normal excretion were determined for urocanic acid and Figlu alone (15 mg...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.19.1.37
更新日期：1966-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhombencephalitis is not a rare presentation of listerial central nervous system infections in healthy adults. This report describes a case with several management difficulties linked to antibiotic related adverse events, pointing to alternative solutions to aminopenicillins. In addition, the role of dexamethasone in ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.2003.014738
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper illustrates a simple method of necropsy dissection of the abdominal organs after abdominal surgery. The organs are removed in one block as per the method described by Letulle. A retroperitoneal approach is then used. Structures are dissected away in a series of layers using the vasculature for guidance. Thi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.49.9.776
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An alternative method for detecting the production of slime by coagulase negative staphylococci was compared with the routinely used Christensen method on 124 isolates of coagulase negative staphylococci from carriage sites, blood cultures, and infected peritoneal dialysis fluids. The alternative method requires the u...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.42.8.872
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An immunochemical procedure for routine laboratory diagnosis of pregnancy utilizing adsorption of human chorionic gonadotrophin onto kaolin and the Ortho pregnancy test reagents is described. The method is suitable for quantitative assay of urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin and can be adapted for use with serum. I...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.17.5.548
更新日期：1964-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A patient complained of severe diarrhoea for about four years. About 2.5 m of the jejunum was resected and duodenal polyps were also removed at laparotomy. Histologically, they were tubular or tubulovillus adenomas, which closely resembled colonic adenomas. No malignant change was detected in these adenomas. Severe in...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.39.9.981
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The generation and characterisation of a monoclonal antibody that specifically recognises the mdr-1 encoded protein, P-glycoprotein (P-170), on routinely processed formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue sections. METHODS:The monoclonal antibody, designated 6/1C, was produced following a combination of in vi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.50.6.465
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hereditary breast cancer accounts for up to 5-10% of all breast carcinomas. Recent studies have demonstrated that mutations in two high-penetrance genes, namely BRCA1 and BRCA2, are responsible for about 16% of the familial risk of breast cancer. Even though subsequent studies have failed to find another high-penetran...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/jcp.2008.057950
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sensitivity patterns to a number of antibiotic-impregnated discs of 126 strains of Gram-negative anaerobes and 36 strains of Gram-positive non-sporing anaerobes from various sources have been examined. The sensitivity patterns shown by Bacteroids fragilis and Bacteroides melaninogenicus were useful for the rapid i...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.28.5.388
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Components of the blood fibrinolytic system were measured in 43 patients with leukaemia. Increased fibrinolytic activity, indicated by a reduced plasma plasminogen level, was found in 14 patients. The combination of severe thrombocytopenia and increased fibrinolysis appeared to be a determinant in the production of a ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.21.2.136
更新日期：1968-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five cases of inflammatory pseudotumour of the liver are reported and compared with seven individual previously published case reports. Clinical presentation was variable but often comprised low grade intermittent fever, vague abdominal symptoms, and a history of weight loss. Leucocytosis, raised erythrocyte sedimenta...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.39.7.761
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of B-CLL which was complicated by chronic renal failure due to leukaemic infiltration of the kidney is reported. Treatment with chlorambucil, prednisolone, and renal bed irradiation resulted in a substantial improvement in renal function which persisted until the the patient's death from marrow failure some eig...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.46.12.1131
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One hundred and twenty-one rectal biopsies from 99 patients with carcinoma of the rectum or lower sigmoid colon were investigated using a high iron-diamine-Alcian blue technique for sulphated and non-sulphated acid mucins. It was found that in normal rectal mucosa sulphomucins are the main carbohydrate component of th...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.25.2.123
更新日期：1972-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serine esterases were detected in the granules of mucosal mast cells from rat, mouse, sheep, and man. Successful demonstration of enzyme activity required brief fixation (6 h) of tissues in 4% paraformaldehyde. Staining with naphthol AS-D chloroacetate produced an intense red reaction product in intraepithelial mucosa...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.38.4.375
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-two known strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group of organisms and 67 clinical specimens from a variety of sites were examined by fluorescent antibody test (IFA) using two different antisera fro the rapid detection of B fragilis group of organisms. A previously reported Barts' pooled antisera was compared wit...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.35.3.304
更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fungal infection is increasingly recognised as an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in immunocompromised patients. Little information exists on laboratory services available and the methods used by general microbiology laboratories to diagnose these important infections. AIM:To investig...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1136/jcp.2005.034108
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Digital pathology (DP) and whole-slide imaging (WSI) technology have matured substantially over the last few years and there is growing evidence from validation studies that WSI is comparable to glass slides for histopathology diagnosis, although with some limitations, which can be appropriately minimised. Whether the...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jclinpath-2016-204272
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Immunohistochemical stains have greatly improved the diagnostic accuracy of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) for primary and distant tumours. We evaluate a marker that has recently been incorporated in clinical practice, PAX-8, in primary and metastatic RCCs. METHODS:Two distinct tissue microarrays were used, one consi...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202259
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To examine tumour samples immunohistochemically for MUC1 (episialin), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and c-erbB-2, since the disruption of the cell-cell adhesion system by MUC1 and the c-erbB oncoprotein family is known to be important in the development of metastasis in human cancers. METHODS:93 tumour ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.51.9.667
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of laminin, a basement membrane glycoprotein, was studied by an immunohistochemical technique in six samples of benign sclerosing lesions of extrahepatic bile ducts and in 11 sclerosing cholangiocarcinomas. The expression of laminin showed that benign glandular structures were surrounded by a mainly i...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.42.9.927
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Optimal management of patients with lung cancer requires accurate cell typing of tumours and staging at the time of diagnosis. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided lymph node aspiration as a method of diagnosing and staging lung cancer is a relatively new technique. AIM:To report the use of liquid-based-thin-lay...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.2006.038901
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An indirect immunoperoxidase technique has been used for visualisation of cellular immunoglobulins in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Baker's formol calcium was used as fixative. Monoclonal light and heavy chain patterns were demonstrated in 24 out of 27 cases. Only one case did not have any demonstrable immunoglobulin...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.36.12.1391
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Investigations into the immunological functions of three patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis were carried out. Phagocytosis of Candida albicans, nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction, complement, and immunoglobulin levels were normal. Candidacidal assays using the neutrophils of the patients in autologous se...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.33.4.370
更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two examples of intraplacental choriocarcinoma are described. Both were small and had arisen in otherwise normal third trimester placentas. The covering mantle of many of the villi adjacent to the choriocarcinomas was formed, either focally or wholly, of neoplastic trophoblastic tissue: it is only at this stage of the...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.41.10.1085
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To evaluate the use of multimedia enhancements, using a computerised microscope, in the training of microscope skills. METHODS:The HOME microscope provides facilities to highlight features of interest in conjunction with either text display or aural presentation. A pilot study was carried out with 10 individuals, ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.51.4.330
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sensitivity of 12 commonly used anti-HIV-1/HIV-2 enzyme immunoassays was evaluated. The assays, each of which utilises at least one synthetic HIV antigen, were tested against a panel of 1092 specimens previously designated anti-HIV positive. In a total of 13 104 tests there were eight false negative results attrib...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.48.5.490
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM/BACKGROUND:Several studies have suggested that Helicobacter pylori which express CagA may be more virulent than those that do not, but limited populations have been studied to date. The aim of this study was to confirm and extend the association of CagA positive H pylori strains in a different geographical area and...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.49.10.829
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Specimens of muscle were obtained from non-suppurating lesions of nine patients with tropical myositis. When examined in an electron microscope, these revealed patchy myocytolysis with loss of band structure. Perimysial cells were also degenerate. Sections from two out of nine patients revealed intracellular vesicles,...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.29.12.1081
更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Foveolar dysplasia is an uncommon form of dysplasia that is encountered in the stomach and oesophagus in the context of Barrett’s oesophagus. Glands displaying foveolar dysplasia also show architectural abnormalities that are similar to those encountered in adenomatous dysplasia. However, from a cytological point of v...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202600
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The significance of seroconversion as detected by an ELISA screening test for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody with a negative supplemental/confirmatory recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) result was investigated. Of 118,220 established West Midlands blood donors with at least one negative HCV antibody screen, 43 had ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pathology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jcp.49.3.254
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
